Menene MTS a cikin USSR? Hanyar samar da gonaki tare da kayan aiki

A karshen shekarun 1920 da farkon shekarun 1930, an gudanar da tattara taro a yankunan karkara a kan shirin CPSU (b). Hanyar tattarawa da kuma samar da manyan kamfanoni masu aikin gona na zamantakewa na zamantakewa sun raunana saboda rashin tushe da fasaha a cikin karkara. Manoma ba su da sha'awar aiki ga jihar, wanda ke amfani da aikin jiki na mutane, ba tare da bada shi ba kusan biya.

Menene MTS a cikin USSR?

A shekara ta 1929, a majalisa ta 15th, an yi nazarin halin da ake ciki a aikin gona. Har ila yau, shugabancin jam'iyyar ya jaddada wajibi ne don samar da manyan albarkatun gona a ƙauyen don a ba da abinci, hatsi da wasu kayayyakin. Sanin cewa jihar ya kamata samar da sababbin masana'antun kamfanoni tare da kayan aiki don rage rabon ayyukan da ba a samar ba, Stalin ya amince da aikin MTS na farko. Ta hanyar, menene raguwa ta MTS? Rundunar ta Amurka ta samar da tashoshin na'ura-injuna, waɗanda ake kira MTS.

Tarihin halittar da ci gaba da tashoshin na'ura da taya

An kafa na'ura ta farko da kuma tashar tarakta a cikin Union a shekarar 1927. Gidan halitta shine ƙauyen Shevchenkovo, Odessa yankin, Ukraine. A hanyar, wannan ba abin bace ba ne, saboda yankin Odessa ya kasance sanannun shahararrun ra'ayoyi, wanda nan da nan bayan aiwatar da su ya nuna tasirin su kuma ya ba da sakamako na ainihi. A cikin majalissar da aka ambata a sama, jam'iyyar ta yi la'akari da ayyukan ayyukan farko na Soviet MTS.

Stalin ya ga cigaba da ci gaba da hanyar sadarwar tashoshin tashar jiragen ruwa daya daga cikin tushe don aiwatar da ra'ayin jam'iyya na tattarawa a aikin noma. Ayyukan da majalisa suka gabatar ga shugabanni na jagorancin agrarian shine aiki mai karfi ta hanyar SRT na tractors na dukan ƙasar. Da yawa daga cikin wakilan jam'iyyun da kansu (sun haura) sun ga abin da MTS yake. A cikin USSR, adadin irin wannan kamfanoni a 1931 ya riga ya kasance 1228. Kamar yadda yawan tattarawa ya karu (a shekarar 1932 - haɗin ginin gonaki na gama gari), ya zama dole ya haifar da sababbin masana'antu. Binciken bayanan kididdigar 1933, mun ga karuwa a yawan MTS fiye da sau biyu (har zuwa 2886), kuma a 1934 jihar ta bude wasu tashoshin 500. Har ila yau, magoya bayan jam'iyyar ba za su tsaya ba, don haka an saita aikin na gaba. A 1937 (kuma duk mun san abin da yake a lokacin) yawan tashoshin ya kamata ya kasance 6000. Hakika, an samu sakamakon, saboda a cikin shekaru masu rikice-rikice da kuma ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa, rashin cin zarafi na shari'ar da aka saba wa dakarun da aka yi wa kotu ko kisa.

Tsarin hulɗar tsakanin MTS da gonaki na gama gari

Mene ne MTS a cikin USSR don gonaki na kansu? A kowace gonar kamfanoni, manajoji sun ga yadda ake bukatar aikin sarrafawa, saboda hakan ya haifar da karuwar yawan aiki da amfanin gona. Ba tare da kayan aiki ba, gonaki na gama kai a cikin MTS sun sami taimako daga jihar.

Ta yaya aka shirya hadin gwiwa? Gidan na'ura na injiniya yana da kayan aiki, wanda aka samar da shi yana ci gaba da girma. Tractors, harvesters da wasu kayan aiki aka bayar zuwa gonaki gama kai don haya. Ma'aikata da aka tara sun biya MTS kudin da za su haya kayan aiki a cikin kuɗin kuɗi da suka karɓa don ba da girbi ga jihar. A yayin da raguwa ta raguwa, hada mai girbi, MTS masu satar kwayoyi sun zo ne a kan kira zuwa gona mai zaman kanta, bincikar kayan aiki da gyara shi.

Matsayin siyasa na aikin MTS

A 1930, wani tattalin arziki da aiki aka kai tsaye alaka da siyasa halin da ake ciki. Sashen siyasa na aiki a kowace tashar tarakta, jagorancin Mataimakin Darakta na aikin siyasa. Ayyuka na sashen sun haɗa da jagorancin kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na MTS da yankunan da ke haɗe da shi. Matsayi don aikin inganci na MTS ba wai kawai darakta ba ne, har ma da sashen siyasa. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda duk wani rashin nasara a aikin aikin tattalin arziki a cikin shekarun nan an dauki shi ne sabotage, kuma wannan ya kasance a bangaren siyasa.

Mene ne MTS a cikin USSR, yanzu, muna fatan, ya bayyana ga kowa. Ba tare da wani dalili ba, ƙwarewa zai yiwu ba zai yiwu ba.