Mene ne tundra a rani da kuma hunturu? Nature Area tundra: Description

Inda ya kan taiga, amma ya ba tukuna fara Arctic tundra mikewa zone. Fiye da miliyan uku murabba'ai bautarka wannan ƙasa, yana mai nisa na game da kilomita 500. Mene ne tundra? Wannan permafrost, akwai kusan babu shuke-shuke, kadan dabbobi. Mutane da yawa ban mamaki asirin Stores a kanta wannan m yankin.

tundra zone

A gaba na arewacin tekuna lullube na tundra zone. Duk inda ka duba, dubban kilomita yada kan sanyi a fili, shi ne ba da ciwon daji. A iyakacin duniya dare yana watanni biyu. Summer ne sosai takaice da kuma sanyi. Kuma ko da a kan abin da ya faru na iyakacin duniya rana, sau da yawa akwai frosts. A shekara tafiya tundra kaifi sanyi da iska. Kwanaki da yawa a cikin hunturu Blizzard ne farka daga cikin filayen.

A saman Layer na kasar gona thaws kawai 50 santimita zurfi ga sanyi mugu bazara. Kasa wannan matakin wuce permafrost Layer, wanda ba ya narke. Don zurfin ku wuce ba ko dai ya narke, ko ruwan sama da ruwa. tundra zone - wata babbar lamba na tabkuna da kuma Marshes, rigar ƙasa a ko'ina, saboda low yanayin zafi da ruwa evaporates sosai a hankali. Sosai matsananci sauyin yanayi a tundra, wanda halitta kusan wuce yanayi na dukan abubuwa masu rai. Amma rayuwar nan dan kadan mafi bambance bambancen fiye da a cikin Arctic.

kayan duniya

Mene ne tundra? Its surface ne ga mafi part - sosai manyan mounds. Su size ya kai wani tsawo na 14 mita da kuma 15 mita nisa. Boca ne sanyi, suna hada da peat, ciki ne kusan ko da yaushe daskarewa. Tsakanin bumps a kan jinkiri har zuwa 2.5 mita ne swamps, da ake kira ersei Samoyedic. Boca hillocks rufe mosses da lichens, sau da yawa nan da nan sami cloudberries. su jiki ne kafa tundra mosses da shrubs.

Kusa da koguna, da kudu, inda za ka iya tsayar da gandun daji tundra, m yankin wuce a sphagnum peat. Yana tsiro cloudberries, bagun, cranberries, gonobol, Birch ernika. Sphagnum peat zurfin Miƙa a cikin gandun daji zone. Taman Ridge gabas mounds ne sosai rare, kawai a cikin low, swampy yankunan.

subzone tundra

Smooth yankuna na Siberia tundra peaty aiki. Mosses da tundra shrubs mikewa a ci gaba da fim a kan surface na duniya. Advantageously lichen rufe ƙasa, amma kuma za a iya samu share cloudberry. Musamman, irin wannan rarraba tsakanin tundra da Timan Pechora.

A high ƙasa, inda ruwan ba stagnate, amma yalwa iska howled, located tundra fashe. Dry, fashe ƙasa rufe ne zuwa kashi kananan yankunan a cikin abin da babu wani abu amma daskararre ƙasa. A fasa za a iya boye ciyawa, shrubs, da kuma saxifrage.

Ga wadanda suke da sha'awar, shi ya dubi kamar tundra, shi da amfani san cewa akwai ma wani m asa. Grass-shrub tundra ne mai arziki a cikin shrubs, kusan ba ya faruwa mosses da lichens.

A mafi halayyar wannan halitta sashi na gansakuka da lichen tundra ta hanyar abin da fentin haske launin toka. Bugu da kari, a tsaye daga kan bango na gansakuka faci, latsa kusa da qasa kananan shrubs. A kudancin yankin iya fariya kananan gandun daji tun fil azal. Fairly na kowa iri Dwarf Willow kuma Birch ernika.

dabba duniya

Wannan kama tundra, ba zai tasiri a yawan dabbobi da ke zaune a yankin. Daya daga talakawa mazauna tundra - m kananan kafafu ungulu. Tsuntsãye gida a ƙasa ko kankara. White-tailed Eagle - Native tundra - rayuwarsu ta hanyar teku. Gyrfalcon, wanda aka samu a cikin mafi arewacin yankunan da yankin - ya fi na kowa tsuntsu a yankin. All tsuntsaye farautar partridges da kananan hakori.

A wannan halitta yanki ne ba kawai tsuntsaye, amma kuma m, tare da daban-daban masu girma dabam. Saboda haka, daga cikin dabbobin da tundra da most ne reindeer. Wannan shi ne mafi daidaita da sauyin yanayi yanayi na form. A cikin Turai, shi ne kusan dadaddun, ya bar kawai wakilan a Norway. Har ila yau, rare barewa da kuma a kan Kola Larabawa. A wurin da suke zo gida barewa.

Deer fiye da mutane suna da, da kuma halitta makiya - Wolves. Wadannan yara da yawa thicker undercoat fiye da su daji takwarorinsu. Baya ga wadannan dabbobi da ake samu a cikin tundra, iyakacin duniya beyar, Musk da bijimai, da iyakacin duniya Foxes, squirrels Parry, lemmings, zomo da kuma wolverine.

sauyin yanayi

tundra sauyin yanayi sosai tsanani. short bazara da zazzabi ba ya tashi sama 10 digiri, da talakawan zafin jiki a cikin hunturu - ba fi debe 50. A lokacin farin ciki Layer snow ya ta'allaka da Satumba ne kawai kara yadudduka kowane wata.

Duk da cewa da rana kawai bayyana a sama sararin sama a ko'ina cikin dogon hunturu dare, ba impenetrable duhu mulki. Mene ne tundra na iyakacin duniya da dare? Ko a kan moonless lokaci haske isa. Bayan kewaye ta'allaka da tsanin farin dusar ƙanƙara, daidai nuna da haske daga m taurari. Bugu da kari, mãdalla da lighting da kuma bada arewacin fitilu, fenti sama, a launi daban-daban. A wasu sa'o'i saboda shi yana zama kamar mai haske kamar rana.

Mene ne tundra a rani da kuma hunturu

Kullum, rani da wuya a dumi, saboda talakawan zafin jiki ba ya tashi sama 10 digiri. A cikin wadannan watanni da rana ba ya tafi daga sararin sama, ƙoƙarin kama kadan ji dimi daskararre ƙasa. Amma kama da tundra a lokacin rani?

A warmer watanni, mai gwada sarari tundra maida hankali ne akan ruwa, ya juya sararin yankunan cikin wata babbar fadama. Nature Area tundra aka rufe a full Bloom a farkon lokacin rani. Ganin cewa shi ne quite takaice, duk da shuke-shuke ayan su iya kammala ci gaban sake zagayowar a cikin guntu yiwu lokaci.

A cikin hunturu, ƙasa sosai lokacin farin ciki Layer of snow. Tun kusan dukan ƙasa ta'allaka a cikin Arctic Circle, halitta yanki tundra rasa wani babban ɓangare na shekara na hasken rana. Winter yana na dogon lokaci, da yawa fiye da a wasu yankunan na duniya. A wannan yanki akwai wani m yanayi, da cewa shi ne babu spring ko kaka.

mu'ujizai tundra

Mafi shahara mu'ujiza, ba shakka, da Aurora borealis. Duhu dare a watan Janairu a kan wani baki karammiski bango sama ba zato ba tsammani lit tsiri na haske launuka. Green kuma blue ginshikan da ciwon blotches na ruwan hoda da kuma ja, slide fadin sama. Dance haske kamar wata katuwar haske na wuta, don samun zuwa sama. Mutanen da suka ga arewacin fitilu a karon farko, ba za ka manta da wannan ban mamaki spectacle, da damuwa cikin zukatan maza su na shekaru dubbai.

Kakanninmu yi imani da cewa fitilu a cikin sama dõmin ka zo farin ciki, domin su ne wata alama ce ta bikin na alloli. Kuma idan gumakan hutu - lalle ne, haƙĩƙa buga perepadut da kuma mutane. Wasu zaton cewa haske - shi ne fushin Allah na wuta, fushi da 'yan adam, sai a sa ran daga Multi masu launin wani sarari suKe fesa kawai masifu da ko da mummunar.

Babu komai nawa tunani ya kamata ka gani arewacin fitilu. Idan taba damar taso, shi ne mafi alhẽri a cikin tundra a watan Janairu, lokacin da Aurora borealis mafi sau da yawa flares up a cikin sama.