Mene ne spermatogenesis? kayyade lokaci

A cikin mace da namiji jiki ci gaba da aiwatar da maturation na gametes. Kuma idan duk da Ladies a wannan batun ne bayyananne isa, da maza zama wani asiri. Abu ne mai wuya wani nisa daga magani tsanani mamakin abin da spermatogenesis. Amma a yi wani ra'ayi zai zama mai kyau fadada general ilmi kuma mafi fahimtar nasu Physiology.

definition

Fara wannan impromptu yawon shakatawa a cikin ilmin halitta da kuma histology mafi alhẽri a cikin ka'idar tushe. Saboda haka, abin da yake spermatogenesis? Wannan tsari, wanda shi ne karshen samfurin na maniyyi. Duk matakai na ta sarrafawa da hormones da juyayi tsarin.

Kowane sake zagayowar yana game casa'in kwanaki. Wannan shi ne sau uku fiye da mata, amma jam sel girma, kuma, da dama umarni na girma mafi girma. A kowane hour na kwanaki 90 a cikin testis ore da ɗari miliyan aiki maniyyi. A mafi dadi zazzabi ga tsari - 34-35 digiri Celsius.

Spermatogenesis za a iya raba uku bulan ko lokaci:

- yaduwa.
- meiosis.
- spermatogenesis.

lokaci

Mene ne spermatogenesis? Wannan bi da bi tsari manzilõli, da kuma wanda yana da wani mataki. Masana kimiyyar halitta ne hudu iri canje-canje a cikin kyallen takarda:

- multiplication na sel.
- girma.
- ripening.
- samuwar maniyyi.

Duk da wannan faruwa a seminiferous tubules, located ciki da golaye. A m Layer na sel forming tubular bango, - spermogonii. Sun ci gaba da raba mitotically. Wannan tsari zai fara kafin haihuwa da kuma ci gaba har zuwa shekara ashirin da biyar. Sel raba haka hanzari da cewa lokaci ya kira tsawon haifuwa.

Bayan farko na balaga spermatogonia kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyi

- mãsu ci gaba da raba;
- waɗanda suka yi kaura zuwa tsakiyar tubule a cikin ci gaban yankin.

A cikin sabon wuri da Kwayoyin kara a size, sunã da wani cytoplasm arziki a cikin gina jiki. Na spermatogonia ya canza kama zuwa spermatocytes na farko domin. A wannan lokacin, spermatogenesis daga kowane spermatocytes kafa biyu rassa, da kuma daga gare su sun riga samu spermatids.

Spermatids sa'an nan a ko'ina rarraba kan testis, bayar da damar gudanar da shi daga ciki. Kuma a kan lokaci da suka hankali da girma a cikin maniyyi cewa samun a cikin vas deferens, sa'an nan - a cikin mafitsara.

yaduwa

A cikin babban membrane na seminiferous tubules aka shirya spermatogonia, wanda lambar a lokacin jima'i maturation iya isa biliyan. A cewar ta morphological siffofin da suka raba:

- a cikin haske sel irin A;
- duhu sel irin A;
- cell irin B.

Dark spermatogonia ne m, su ne inert a jihar kafin lokacin a lokacin da suke bukatar taso (bayan tsanani cuta ko sakawa a iska mai guba). Bright Kwayoyin ci gaba da raba mitotically inda kodayaushe kamar yadda Kwayoyin A da B-type.

A sakamakon spermatogenesis a lokacin tayi, anan kuma daga haihuwa zuwa shekaru 14 ga maza tara babba pool na sel cewa zai iya bambance a cikin maniyyi. Wannan ya ba su wani daina haihuwa fiye da mata (kawai 300 qwai, kuma ba su raba).

Meiosis: spermatogenesis

Spermatogonia alaka sel B-type farko 'yan sau aka raba da mitosis da kuma zama spermatocyte farko domin. Wannan cell, bi da bi, kuma an raba, amma ba gaba ɗaya, da kuma meiosis. A karshen mataki na farko an kafa biyu ya Kwayoyin - na biyu domin spermatocytes, kowanne daga abin da qunshi rabin adadin chromosomes. A mataki na biyu ya ƙare nau'i biyu spermatids daga kowane spermatocytes.

A total na hudu sabon Kwayoyin suna samu daga daya. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da wani haploid sa na chromosomes, da kuma iya a nan gaba shiga a cikin hadi da kwai.

spermatogenesis

Ba kamar spermatogenesis oogenesis daga cewa a karshe ya kamata a yi kamar yadda mutane da yawa kananan Kwayoyin iya ƙunsar kayyade bayani, ba kawai daya, amma babban da kuma cike da gina jiki.

Don juya daga spermatocytes maniyyi, dole ne ya sha wani jerin gagarumin morphological canje-canje. Kowane spermatid aka located gaba da Sertoli Kwayoyin, inda shi "ore". Da farko taso cell, sa'an nan kõma da ta bayyana da acrosomal granules. Wadannan inclusions an sa'an nan suka taru a kan daya daga cikin dogayen sanda na cell, kuma akwai "acrosomal hula".

Mitochondria suna takaice a tsakiyar cell, za su matsawa da maniyyi a gaba. A cytoplasm ya ci gaba da budewa, kuma wutsiya da aka kafa. Da zarar wani cell ya samu a saba form, maturation da aka kammala, kuma yana daukan ta wuri a ciki surface na spermatic igiyar.

Features na samuwar Kwayoyin

Mene ne spermatogenesis? - wani tsari wanda babban makasudin fitowan da wani balagagge lafiya jam sel, suna da hakkin adadin kwayoyin bayanai. A dukan aiwatar da maniyyi bayyanar muhimmi cell daukan game da wata daya.

An hada da takamaiman enzymes, wanda taimaka a sami wani kwai, sa zuwa gare shi, narke cikin agảrả m da kuma samar da wata zygote a namiji jam sel. Su sun mayar da hankali a cikin wannan acrosomal hula, wanda an riga an tattauna a sama.

Wani alama ne da maniyyi motility. A ovum motsa daga kwai zuwa fallopian tube da kuma cikin mahaifa cikin kawai ta hanyar hulda da fimbriae, translational motsi na cilia da hanji suna shambura. Maniyyi ila yau yana da wutsiya, wanda abubuwa a matsayin flagellum, da kuma Firaministan gaba sauran na Kwayoyin.

The inganci da viability na maniyyi rinjayar da liyafar da magunguna, barasa, kwayoyi da kuma ganyen taba, da sauran exogenous da kuma na ciki dalilai.

Dalilai influencing da tsari

All jam sel da spermatogenesis ne sosai m da sakamakon m abubuwan. Take hakkin da wannan tsari a wasu daga ta saukarwa iya kai ga rage yawan haihuwa ko rashin haihuwa.

Duk da cewa da karfi jima'i aka kullum dauke su unshakable cikin sharuddan kiwon lafiya, namiji jiki ne sosai kula da digo a yanayin jiki da kuma kwayar cututtuka. Isasshen kowa sanyi da kadan hyperthermia, don halakar da tsare-tsaren yin ciki yaro na watanni uku.

Saboda haka, maza kamata kalla asali shawarwari ga jikinka kula kayayyakin don adana da haihuwa aiki na dogon lokaci:

- a wani hali ba to sa m tufafi, wanda zai iya rushe jini ya kwarara da kuma gida kara yawan zafin jiki.
- kauce wa m ziyara zuwa saunas da baho.
- tare da taka tsantsan dauki maganin rigakafi, anti-hormonal kwayoyi.

Wasu mata suna da damuwa game da gaskiyar cewa sun kasa yin ciki, kokarin tasiri namiji jiki don inganta maniyyi. Don yin wannan, kana bukatar ka sarrafa abinci, ba up miyagun halaye, don kauce wa m dosing kwayoyi, sha na ganye shayi maimakon kofi, motsa jiki, da kuma lokaci-lokaci tafi zuwa tausa.

Ƙarin hanyoyin da daukan hotuna

Oogenesis da spermatogenesis za a iya inganta artificially. Don yin wannan, gudanar da hormonal ruri abokan in iyali magani dakunan shan magani. Yawanci, irin hanyoyin da ake yi ga wadanda ma'aurata suka yanke shawarar da yaro ta IVF (a vitro hadi) ko ICSI (kwayuka maniyyi da allura)

Duk da haka, irin wannan hanyoyin ne unsafe duka biyu abokan, da kuma wucin gadi stimulants hana samar da kansa ba ji ba gani, kuma tsananta rashin haihuwa. The halitta kunnawa da spermatogenesis auku a mutanen da suke cikin soyayya. Kwakwalwa synthesizes da yawa daban-daban hormones cewa inganta ba kawai inganci da yawa daga maniyyi, amma kuma ƙarfafa tsarin na rigakafi, kara tsoka sautin da kuma hanzarta metabolism.

maniyyi

Domin shafar haifuwa da maniyyi samar, shi wajibi ne don gudanar da wani bincike na cikin ejaculate. Wannan cikakken nazari domin sanin yawan aiki maniyyi quality, ƙayyade pathological canje-canje a farkon mataki (idan wani).

A wata al'ada ejaculate ne wani farin ko grayish ruwa da ciwon tsaka tsaki acidity. A daya milliliter kamata dauke da babu kasa da miliyan 20 maniyyi, da kuma a kan 25 bisa dari daga cikinsu da ya zama mobile. Bugu da ƙari kuma, da gwargwado na al'ada Kwayoyin dace hadi ya kamata a kalla rabin jimlar. A cewar World Health Organization ma'aunansa, game da hamsin bisa dari na maniyyi ya zama da rai kuma ba magudi a ilimin halittar jiki. The maniyyi ne a yarda bai isa a kula gaban zagaye Kwayoyin da leukocytes. Red da maikacin jini, macrophages, kuma amyloid corpuscles ba maraba.

Rarrabe Manuniya irin maniyyi:

- normogramma.
- oligospermia - karamin adadin maniyyi.
- polyspermy - da yawa na ejaculate.
- viskozipatiya - wuce kima danko.
- oligozoospermia - low maniyyi ƙidãya.
- azoospermia - babu maniyyi a cikin ruwa.
- asthenozoospermia - immobility morphologically unmodified ma'ana.

Akwai wasu zažužžukan, amma wannan shi ne ya fi kowa lokuta.