Sertoli sel (sustentotsit): aiki

Hukumomi alhakin haifuwa a maza, da ake kira testes. Su ake samar jima'i Kwayoyin - maniyyi da kuma ji ba gani, kamar testosterone. A ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma histological tsarin testes a cikin maza hadaddun, kamar yadda wadannan jikuna gudanar da dama ayyuka. Sun kwashe spermatogenesis - samuwar da kuma ci gaban jam sel. golaye kuma yi endocrine aiki. Suna located in na musamman 'yar jakar cutaneous - Kwalatai (Scrotum). Akwai yana kiyaye musamman zazzabi, wanda shi ne dan kadan m, fiye da sauran sassa na jiki.

Testes da elliptical siffar, su size ne game da 4 cm tsawo da kuma 3 m. Yadda aka saba, a can zai iya zama da kadan jeri na bangaren a cikin gonads. Kowane kwai harsashi da aka raba da partitions a cikin wani jam'i na yanka. Sun ƙunshi convoluted seminiferous canals kafa testicular plexus. Its efferent ducts shigar da epididymis. Akwai aka kafa da girma daga maniyyi - kai. Daga baya - tashoshi suna kunshe a cikin vas deferens, wanda aka aiko zuwa mafitsara. Bugu da ari, sun fadada da kuma shiga cikin wasu sashen namiji haihuwa tsarin - prostate. Kafin wannan, da tashar da aka kafa a cikin ejaculatory bututu, wanda yana da wani kanti a cikin yankin na mafitsara.

Histological tsarin da golaye a maza

Male gonads kunshi spermatic igiyar, kuma interstitial nama. Waje su inuwõyi albuginea. Ta aka wakilta m connective nama. Albuginea spliced tare da jiki. Gefen da shi thickens samar da mediastinum testis. A wannan lokaci, da connective nama ne zuwa kashi a jam'i na strands. Su samar da lobules cikin waxanda suke convoluted tubules. Suna wakilta da wadannan tsarin raka'a:

1. Sertoli Kwayoyin - sustentotsit. Tare da sauran abubuwa da hannu a cikin samuwar jini-testis shãmaki.
2. Sel, ta hanyar abin da aka kwashe spermatogenesis.
3. Myofibroblasts. Su da sauran sunan - peritubular Kwayoyin. Babban aiki na myofibroblast - shi ne don tabbatar da gabatarwa da seminal ruwa na crimped tashoshi.

Bugu da kari, da tsarin da kwai yana interstitial nama. Shi ne game da 15%. Interstitial nama yana wakilta abubuwa kamar Leydig Kwayoyin, macrophages, capillaries da sauransu. D. Idan convoluted tashoshi ne alhakin da samuwar jima'i Kwayoyin, akwai samuwar kuma samar da namiji ji ba gani.

Sertoli Kwayoyin: tsarin

Sertoli Kwayoyin da wani elongated siffar. Su size ne game 20-40 microns. Wannan shi ne wani fairly manyan tsarin raka'a cewa ne daban-daban an kira goyon bayan Kwayoyin. A cytoplasm daga wadannan Kwayoyin ƙunshi mutane da yawa da wasu gabbansa. Daga cikin su:

1. Core. Shi yana da wani sababbu, wani lokacin - pear-dimbin yawa. A chromatin a cikin nucleus din an rarraba unevenly.
2. Bayar da m EPS. A farko - shi ne alhakin samar da steroid ji ba gani, na biyu - na samar da furotin kira.
3. Golgi na'ura. Godiya ga wannan organelle, akwai wani karshe kira, ajiya da kuma kau da kayayyakin.
4. Lysosomes - suna da hannu a phagocytosis.
5. Microfilaments. Wadannan wasu gabbansa suna da hannu a cikin maturation na maniyyi.

Bugu da kari, kowane cell ƙunshi Sertoli mai hada. Sustentotsitov tushe ne located a kan ganuwar da seminiferous tubules, da kuma tip - fuskoki a cikin lumen.

Sertoli Kwayoyin: aiki

Sertoli cell ne daya daga cikin aka gyara kafa da convoluted seminiferous tubules. Shi ne na mai da muhimmanci, kamar yadda aka hannu a kan aiwatar da spermatogenesis, da kuma kira na namiji ji ba gani. Akwai da wadannan aiki na Sertoli Kwayoyin:

1. Trophic. Wadannan abubuwa samar da m maniyyi Kwayoyin tare da oxygen da kuma gina jiki.
2. M. Kowane cell yana da wani cytoplasm lysosomes - wasu gabbansa da hannu a phagocytosis. Sun sha da sake sarrafasu, da bazuwar kayayyakin, misali, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na matattu spermatids.
3. Samar da jini-testis shãmaki. Wannan aiki da aka tabbatar da kusa cell-cell lamba. A shãmaki ake bukata don raba da ɗa namiji Kwayoyin daga jini da kuma abubuwa kunshe a cikinsa. Bugu da kari, shi ya hana a shigar azzakari cikin farji daga maniyyi antigens a jini. Wannan rage hadarin tasowa autoimmune kumburi.
4. Endocrine aiki. Sertoli Kwayoyin suna da hannu a cikin samuwar jima'i ji ba gani.

Sustentotsity zama dole ga samuwar da kuma goyon baya na musamman yanayi a cikin abin da maniyyi ci gaba da idon. An sani cewa ionic abun da ke ciki na Sertoli Kwayoyin ne daban-daban daga jini jini. sodium maida hankali ne m, kuma a potassium da abun ciki, a maimakon haka, ya karu. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a Sertoli Kwayoyin haduwa da yawa ilimin aiki abubuwa. Daga cikin su - da prostaglandins, cytokines, follistatin, girma dalilai da division, opioids, da dai sauransu ...

Aiki da tsarin Leydig Kwayoyin

Leydig Kwayoyin wani bangare ne testicular interstitial nama. Su size ne game da 20 microns. Namiji gonads ne fiye da 200 * Yuni ¹⁰ Leydig Kwayoyin. A tsarin fasali na wadannan abubuwa ne babban m tsakiya da kuma foamy cytoplasm. Yana yana vacuoles dauke da furotin lipofuscin. An kafa ta lalace na fats a lokacin da ya kira na steroid ji ba gani. Bugu da kari, a cikin cytoplasm yana da 1 ko 2 nucleolus dauke da RNA da kuma gina jiki. Babban aiki na Leydig Kwayoyin - shi ne testosterone. Bugu da kari, suna da hannu a cikin kira na activin. Wannan abu stimulates samar da FSH a cikin kwakwalwa.

Mene ne Sertoli cell ciwo?

Daya daga cikin rare cututtuka na namiji haihuwa tsarin ne Sertoli cell ciwo. Babban bayyanuwar wannan cuta da aka dauke su rasa haihuwa. Cutar da ake alaka da nakasar anomalies, tun da shi ne ya lura aplasia (wani gagarumin raguwa ko rashi) na da amfrayo testicular nama. A sakamakon wannan warwarewarsu seminiferous tubules ci gaba. The kawai kashi cewa ba a lalace - ne Sertoli cell. Wani sunan ga wannan cuta - wani ciwo del Castillo. Sashe na Sertoli Kwayoyin har yanzu shigarsu degeneration, duk da haka, mafi yawansu ba su - suna da al'ada. Duk da wannan, da epithelium na tubules atrophied. Ma'ana a cikin wannan Pathology ba kafa.

Hanawa na aiki na Leydig Kwayoyin

Idan lalacewa Leydig Kwayoyin lalace su primary aiki - testosterone kira. A sakamakon haka, bayyanar cututtuka kamar:

1. Rage tsoka taro.
2. Rashin sakandare jima'i halaye (girma na jiki gashi na namiji type, murya).
3. Take hakkin libido.
4. Rage kashi yawa.