Megacities da kuma most Metropolitan yankin na duniya

Zamani al'umma, saboda da yawa a duniya matakai zama ƙara urbanized. Saboda haka wannan tambaya na da nazari da kuma bayanin birane da kuma agglomerations na fiye da dacewa. A labarin da ya bayyana manyan Metropolitan yankin na duniya, kazalika da definition da kalmar "agglomeration" An ba.

Mene ne agglomeration

Mai zamani ayyana agglomeration a matsayin manyan taro na ƙauyuka, wanda su ne mafi yawa a birane, da kuma a na kwarai lokuta, da kuma yankunan karkara da ilimi da cewa suna hada a cikin daya saboda tattalin arziki, siyasa da al'adu tsakaninsu. The most Metropolitan yankin na duniya suka fara dauki siffar a cikin tsakiyar karni na ashirin, a lokacin da birane girma ya faru a ko'ina. A cikin karni na XXI urbanization tsananta da kuma ci gaba a cikin wani sabon tsari.

Agglomeration za a iya kafa a kusa da daya daga cikin babban birnin da kuma kira monocentric. An misali na irin wannan agglomerations ne New York da kuma Paris. Nau'i na biyu da aka kira wani polycentric Metropolitan yankin, wanda ke nufin cewa a cikin Metropolitan yankin hada da dama manyan ƙauyuka, wanda, da kansa da juna, suna tsakiyar. A daukan hankali misali da wani polycentric Metropolitan yankin ne Ruhr yankin a Jamus.

Ga 2005, a dukan duniya akwai game da 400 agglomerations, yawan mutane a kowane daga cikinsu wuce miliyan 2. The most Metropolitan yankin na duniya map located fairly a ko'ina, amma mafi girma maida hankali ne lura a cikin tattalin arziki raya ƙasashe. A cikin goma most Metropolitan yankunan duniya akwai fiye da 230 mutane miliyan (da yawa fiye da jama'ar na Rasha Federation).

Tokyo da kuma Yokohama

Hakika, babbar agglomeration - ne babban birnin kasar Japan, Tokyo. Its yawan yau ne kusa da 38 da mutane miliyan, fiye da yawan jama'a na da yawa kasashen Turai (Switzerland, Poland, da Netherlands da kuma wasu). Agglomeration ne inherently polycentric da kuma hadawa da biyu tsakiyar biranen - Yokohama da Tokyo, kazalika da kuma ɗimbin kananan ƙauyuka. Agglomeration yanki ne 13.5 dubu km ^2.

A tsakiyar wannan sararin Metropolitan yankin kunshi uku birane da cewa suna located kusa da na mallaka Palace a Tokyo. Bugu da kari, birnin ne har yanzu 20 gundumomi da dama jahohi (Gunma, Kanagawa, Ibaraki, da dai sauransu). A dukan tsarin da aka fiye da ake kira da Greater Tokyo.

London

A lokacin akwai da yawa ma'anar da ƙasa a cikin abin da birnin London an located. Daga gare su, Greater London, London County har ma da London akwatin gidan ko gidan waya gundumar. Masana kimiyya yawanci raba a yankin tsarin da Birtaniya babban birnin kasar ta tarihi cibiyar (City), Inner London (13 birni tubalan), matsanancin London (tsohon kewayen birni yankunan). Duk wadannan abubuwa samar da wata yankin tsarin da yawan jama'a, wanda yana cikin mafi girma a Metropolitan yankin a duniya.

Gudanarwa iyakoki na London Metropolitan yankin rufe game da 11 000 km ² da yawan jama'a na game da mutane miliyan 12. A wannan yanki kuma ya hada da abin da ake kira da tauraron dan adam birnin London: Bracknell, Harlow, Basildon, Crawley da sauransu. Kuma kawai waɗanda yankunan da suke dab da babban birnin kasar, Essex, Surrey, Kent, Hertfordshire.

Paris

Administratively, birnin Paris ne kawai daya daga cikin sassan cikin yankin Ile-de-France. Amma babban birnin yana da dogon lanƙwasa a karkashin shi duk takwas sassan, administrative rabo a halin yanzu dakatar. A urbanized Paris ne a cibiyar wanda yana da guda halaye kamar manyan Metropolitan yankunan duniya da kuma agglomeration. A musamman, Paris yana da babban yawan garuruwa da tauraron dan adam, wanda aka gina da kuma shiga zuwa babban birnin kasar a farkon shekarun 1960s.

Gina da ake kira sabon birane - musamman halitta a Paris da tauraron dan adam kaddamar a wani babban kambi a shekarar 1960.

Paris kamar yadda Faransa babban birnin kasar tare da abin da ake kira sabon garuruwa da kuma kambi siffofin wata babbar agglomeration, ko Grand Paris. A yankin na birnin ne 12 dubu ^km2, da kuma yawan - fiye da 13 da mutane miliyan. Paris shi ne mafi girma Metropolitan yankin a duniya taswirar Turai.

Asian agglomeration

Kwanan nan, cikin duniya ta tattalin arziki da al'adu rayuwa ta fara samun matsayin Asia. A kasashen Asiya suna kuma mayar da hankali da most Metropolitan yankin a duniya. A sarari misali ne birnin Mumbai, yawan mazaunan wanda ya wuce miliyan 22 mutane. Ko da Philippine babban birnin kasar na Manila na da yawan jama'a miliyan 20 da kuma Delhi tare da miliyan 18 mazaunan. A China, Metropolitan yankin asusu domin game da 10% na ƙasar da dukan ƙasar. Wadannan megacities kamar Shanghai (miliyan 19) da kuma Hong Kong (15 miliyan mazaunan), suna mai kyau misalai na urbanization matakai a Gabas.

Saboda haka, a cikin halin yanzu mahallin na duniya da kuma urbanization, manyan birane girma da kuma zama wani Metropolitan yankin, wanda a duniya ne mafi zama da more.