"Madame Butterfly": da mãkirci na wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. Takaitacciyar da Puccini wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Madame Butterfly"

Puccini ta opera "Madame Butterfly" da aka rubuta a 1903, bayan da mawaki tafiya zuwa London, kuma ya ziyarci gidan wasan kwaikwayo Prince of York. Duk da yake a fage shi ne play "Geisha" by American marubuci-marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo Belasco. Fage to bayyanar da play yana da saiwoyinsa a 1887, lokacin da labarin da aka rubuta ta hanyar J .. Long game unrequited soyayya Japan priestess nisha Geisha mai suna Cio-Cio-San. Wannan bakin ciki labarin ya zama tushen ga staging na "Geisha", sannan kuma da "Madame Butterfly." A mãkirci na opera ne daidai da wannan labarin game da ban tausayi da wani rabo matasa Japan mace.

Score da libretto

Dzhakomo Puchchini aka gigice da abun ciki na wasa da kuma mayar da su zuwa Milan, ya fara rubuta da ci, bayan ya kulla da taimakon biyu daga cikin abokansa, librettists Theater "La Scala" Dzhuzeppe Dzhakoza da Luidzhi Illika. A mawaki ya so ya halicci haske aiki, wanda zai iya zama mai fitacciyar a duniya na wasan kwaikwayo. Dole ne in ce cewa burinsu sun gaba ɗaya halitta da hali, domin a kan asusun da mawaki sun ayyukansa, kamar "Tosca" da "La Boheme", rubuta kafin.

Libretto da Illica da Giacosa rubuta a cikin guntu yiwu lokacin, da kuma ta mai suna nan gaba wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Madame Butterfly", wanda yake nufin "lady malam". Duk da haka, da Dzhakomo Puchchini a sakamakon yana nuna sha'awar ga wasanni mota zarar sha wahala a cikin hadari, wanda na dogon lokaci sa shi ya kwanta. Aiki a kan ci da za a katse. Bayan wani lokaci, da mawaki koma aiki, amma shi ne jinkirin.

farko

A wasan opera "Madame Butterfly", kaidin wanda ke cike da bala'i, Dzhakomo Puchchini rubuta a karshen 1903. A farko da aka gudanar a Milan Theater Fabrairu 17, 1904 "La Scala". Sabanin tsammanin, da wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Madame Butterfly", da labarin shi ne, zai ze, babu wanda zai iya zama sha'aninsu dabam, ya aka samu da masu sauraro ba tare da babbar sha'awa. Dalilin da gazawar da yi shi ne overly miƙa sakamako, da masu sauraro gundura, kuma da karshen na biyu yi, kuma bai fara watsa.

Criticism of "Madame Butterfly" da aka ma korau, reviews a jaridu kasance cike da kalmomin "ba a alamance," "m," m "Dzhakomo Puchchini ya tawayar, amma bai daina The mawaki ya ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi duk shortcomings na yi, shared unduly shafe tsawon mataki productions cikin uku daidai .. . sassa Libretto kula haziqance, events fara motsa tare da isasshen gudun, aiki dauki siffar, wanda musamman kamar masu sauraro - wanda ake iya faɗi, sa ran ayyuka na haruffa, amma tare da wani rikici.

Libretto sabon play an sake rubutawa kusan gaba daya. A mawallafa kumbura image na baranya Suzuki, ya zama mafi hankula heroine. A cikin rashi na Pinkerton Cio-Cio-San tare da maid zo kusa, da dangantaka fara kama aminci. uwar protagonist rawa ma ya zama mafi muhimmanci.

yi nasara

A May 1904 na farko da sabon sanarwa da aka buga. A wannan lokaci, da play "Madame Butterfly", kaidin wanda aka halin sabunta, da jama'a son. Masu sukar kuma amsa gaskiya. Bayan 'yan wasanni a "La Scala", Puccini ta opera "Madame Butterfly" ya fara wata nasara procession na Turai wasan kwaikwayo. Daga baya halshen nasarar da aka gudanar a Amurka.

A wasan opera "Madame Butterfly": summary

A core daga cikin play shine labarin unrequited soyayya na da wani matashi Japan mace mai suna Cio-Cio-San. A wasan opera "Madame Butterfly", kaidin wanda ya bayyana ugliness na mutum baseness, gina a kan wahala ya mugunta ci amanar wani barrantacce yarinya.

Lieutenant Navy, American, Benjamin Franklin Pinkerton aka ciwon wani al'amari tare da wata Geisha mai suna Cio-Cio-San, da aka sani da "Butterfly". Ya ke faruwa ga aure da yarinya kuma yi shaida, shaida ta madawwamiyar ƙaunarsa. A gaskiya ma, matasa rake fara magudi. A wani zance da American jakadan Sharpless, ya gane shi a nufi. Gaskiyar cewa a karkashin Amurka dokar aure sanya a Japan, ba a cikin Amurka doka dauri, da kuma Pinkerton yi niyyar amfani da wannan al'amari su amfani. Ana aure to Cio-Cio-San, ya, a gaskiya, shi ne mai free mutum.

Sharpless yi Allah wadai da wannan aiki na Benjamin da kuma kira ga ya jin kunya. Duk da haka, Pinkerton muhimmanci kafa kansa a matsayin wani irin nasara da mace zukãtansu, da ya lashe a kan wani defenseless yarinya da kuma amfani da ita soyayya ga ta kai-tabbatarwa. A lokaci guda girmama jami'in, da kuma ilimi da ba da damar Benjamin kawai jefa Cio-Cio-San, ya ga yana kokarin kiyaye dokoki na decorum. Duk da haka, har yanzu yana iya yi.

Son Cio-Cio-San

Long maraice cikin soyayya zaune a shayi dakin. Cio-Cio-san gaya Pinkerton cewa mahaifinta ya mai daraja amma matalauta samurai. Saboda haka, shi ya zama mai Geisha kuma liyãfa baƙi. Amma a yanzu, a lokacin da na zo soyayya, rayuwa da sabon ma'anar, shi ne a shirye domin kare kanka da ƙaunataccen Benjamin Pinkerton rabuwa da addini da kuma maida zuwa Kristanci. Ya sami fitar da daya daga cikin mafi kusa zumunta na yarinya kuma yayi magana ta fita daga m-dauke mataki. Ta ba ya so ya saurare, shi ne makantar da soyayya.

Aure da tashi Pinkerton

Pinkerton auri Cio-Cio-San, a shekara daga baya, ta ba ta haifi ɗa. Ga wasu lokaci da biyu rayuwa tare, sa'an nan mijin ya bar for America, barin matarsa da jariri a cikin kula da wani bawa mai suna Suzuki. A Amurka sojan ruwa jami'in daukan karrama, ziyartar soja kulake da kuma samun sabon abokai. Game da matarsa, da sauran su Japan, Pinkerton ba ya tuna. A halin yanzu, shi woos Prince Yamadori. Manzon Allah Sallallahu Japan da gaske yana son wata yarinya, ta yarda da wannan, kuma da ke sa wani tayin. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya taimaka Sharpless, wanda bazata sami fitar game da kwat da wando. A mayar da martani, Cio-Cio-San nuna ɗanta, ta sa shi a fili cewa wani yaro yana bukatar kansa mahaifinsa.

A dawowar Pinkerton

Shekaru uku sun shude tun sa'an nan, kamar yadda Benjamin bar Japan. Cio-Cio-San ne har yanzu jiran matar nan da nan, ta yi ta kuka dukan hawaye, amma fatan sa'a a nan gaba. Sun mace hannun jari ta abubuwan da Suzuki, na kira da'a hadakai da aminci bawa, cewa mijinta ne game da isa. Wannan, bi da bi, yayi kokarin tallafawa ta kuma ta'azantar da ita. Kadan dan da aka girma, m uwa ne farin ciki to watch da jariri wasanni da kawai abu cewa damu da ita, shi ne wani dogon rashi na mijinta.

A halin yanzu Pinkerton ji dadin doka da 'yanci ba shi da Amurka doka, kuma aure ya takwararta ta sunan Kat. Sa'an nan, ya rubuta wata wasika zuwa Sharpless haka cewa sanar Cio-Cio-san game da sabon aure. Duk da haka, da jakadan ba ya kuskure ya bude yarinya gaskiya. Ba da da ewa, a gun shot aka ji, shi ya isa a tashar jiragen ruwa na Nagasaki, da American jirgin. A kan jirgin cikin jirgin ne Pinkerton da matarsa. Cio-Cio-San a rawar jiki jira, tuhumar kome, ado gidan da yadi da furanni.

ban tausayi karshen

Benjamin ya bayyana a hannu na Kate, kuma tare da su da jakadan. Cio-Cio-San aka gigice, ta san. Sun mace ba dan Pinkerton da hannunta ya compresses karkashin kimono kananan wuƙa. Sai ta cire dakin ta, hastily halts duk windows da kuma soke da kirji tare da takobi. A wannan lokaci, shi ya hada Pinkerton, Kate Sharpless da Suzuki tare da yaron a ta makamai. Mutuwa "Butterfly" da karshe kokarin gestures tambayi kula da danta.

"Cio-Cio-San" a Amurka

A wasan opera "Madame Butterfly", a takaice, da kuma simintin gyaran daga abin da aka ƙaddamar a gaba a Amurka latsa, ya sanya wani fantsama a kan Broadway. A American wasan kwaikwayo masu sauraro karbuwa da maraba da m labarin wani tsantsa na farko soyayya. A play rurrushe 'yan yanayi, kuma ya tafi a karkashin sunan "Cio-Cio-San" daga cikin mafi nasara Theatrical productions da lokaci. Wani lokaci a kan posters karanta, "Madame Butterfly". Opera, wanda ya sa haruffa da masu sauraro da jimami, kiyaye su a cikin jinkirtar daga farko har zuwa ƙarshe. Bayan wasan kwaikwayon zauren tsaye maraba da masu aikatawa.

main 'yan wasan kwaikwayo

• Madame Butterfly - soprano.
• Benjamin Franklin Pinkerton - mawaki.
• Suzuki - mezzo.
• Kate Pinkerton - mezzo-soprano:
• Sharples - baritone.
• Prince Yamadori - baritone.
• Uncle Bonze - bass.
• Kwamishinan - bass.
• Cousin - soprano.
• Official - bass.
• Inna - mezzo-soprano.
• Uwar - mezzo-soprano.
• Goro - mawaki.

A samfurin na "Madame Butterfly" (opera mãkirci, music, kuma libretto) ya zama fitacciyar vocal art da girma wasan kwaikwayo. A fuskar Cio-Cio-San tattara hotunan na daruruwan watsi da mata tare da karya rayuwarsu, yin wannan wasan kwaikwayon dacewa da wannan rana.