Kosovo (Jamhuriyar): babban birnin kasar, yawan jama'a, yankin

Kosovo - Jamhuriyar Kudu Eastern Europe, jera gane da sauran jihohi. An located a kan Balkan Larabawa a Turai, a cikin yanki na wannan sunan. Tsarin mulkin kasar, da yankin nasa ne Serbia, amma Kosovo ta yawan ba yi biyayya ga dokokin. A babban birnin kasar na Jamhuriyar - Pristina.

Yawan jama'a ne, fiye da miliyan 1.7 mutane bisa ga 2011 Ƙidayar. An kagaggun sanaki Serbs da Albanians, kuma kawai game da 3-5% - sauran kasashe.

Sunan da tarihin

A sosai sunan jamhuriyar tare da Serbian harshen da aka fassara a matsayin "ƙasar blackbirds."

A tarihin da mazauna yankunan da suke zaune a kan waɗannan ƙasashe Dates baya 2000 da suka wuce. Da farko mun zauna a nan Illyrians. A VI karni, Slavic suka zauna. A cikin IX karni, Kiristanci da aka soma a cikin ƙasa. A hankali, wannan yankin ya zama wani al'adu da kuma addini na tsakiya na Serbian jihar. A nan ne mafi girma a gina m Cathedrals da majami'u. Duk da haka, a cikin XV karni, bayan wani dogon soja rikicin, yankin da aka annexed da Ottoman Empire.
A farkon karni XIX a Turai ƙasa da shi aka kafa Serbian sarauta, wanda ya ƙarfafa ta siyasa matsayi na Kosovo da kuma kame daga Turks.

A shekarar 1945, gwamnatin tarayya Jihar {asar Yugoslavia, da aka kafa a cikin ta Kudu Gabashin Turai. Kosovo (Jamhuriyar) da aka ware a matsayin m yankin a cikin Serbia. A shekaru 90, wannan yanki ya samu yakin basasa. A shekarar 1989 wata kuri'ar raba gardama da aka gudanar, wanda alama da fita daga mulkin kai daga kasar Serbia. Duk da haka, don gane da Jamhuriyar ne kawai Albania. A kasar ya fara soja rikicin da rikice-rikice. A sakamakon haka, da yawa mazauna yankin da aka kashe, fiye bar rashin gida. A tashin ci gaba da dama shekaru har a 1999 a kan sansanin soja da ya ba sa cikin kungiyar tsaro ta NATO harin bom. Daga wannan shekara da jamhuriyar ne a karkashin musamman iko da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya trusteeship. A 2008, shi shelar 'yancin kai daga kasar Serbia, amma kawai a daya-hanyar yanayin. A karshen bai yarda da wannan ƙuduri.

A labarin kasa na yankin

A jihar Kosovo aka located a kan lebur ƙasa, a cikin siffar kama wani murabba'i mai dari. A yankin na yankin kawai sama da 10 thous. Km ^2. A matsakaicin tsayi - 500 mita saman teku matakin, da girma ganiya - Đeravica birni, located in dutsen Prokletije tsarin, a kan iyakar kasar da Albania. . Tsayinsa - 2656 m A sauyin yanayi na Jamhuriyar yana da wani pronounced nahiyar type: tare da sanyi winters da zafi lokacin bazaar. Average hunturu zazzabi - -10 ... -12 ° C, rani - + 28 ° ... + 30 ° C. The manyan koguna a Kosovo: Sitnica, Ibar, ta Kudu Moravia, fadar White Drin.

A administrative-yankin naúrar na Jamhuriyar

Administratively, Kosovo - Jamhuriyar, zuwa kashi 7 gundumomi: Kosovo-Mitrovica, Pristina, Gnjilane, Dzhakovitsky, Peć, Uroshevatsky, Prizren. Su, bi da bi, ya kasu kashi municipalities. Gaba daya akwai 30 municipalities Zvecan, Leposavic da Zubin Potok, dake arewacin yankin na jumhuriya, da kuma lugar da Serbs, ba batun da hukumomi na Kosovo da ba su amince da 'yancin kai. A gaskiya, a wannan yanki da ya halitta na da gwamnatin, wanda aka mayar da hankali a birnin Mitrovica. Kosovo hukumomi sun gabatar da wani lissafin don ƙirƙirar wani raba m Municipality a kan waɗannan ƙasashe. Bugu da kari a yankin Arewa, da Serbs m live a sauran garuruwa a Kosovo. Akwai halitta ake kira enclaves, m m yankuna.

ci gaba

A halin yanzu, soma a shekara ta 2008, kundin tsarin mulki na Kosovo - Jamhuriyar unitary da majalisar type. Shugaban ya yi ĩmãni da shugaban kasar, wanda zaben haifa ta majalisar. A zartarwa ikon da firayim ministan kasar ne a kasar.

Kai Kosovo - hanya da kuma dogo. Medicine a kasar - mai free, amma ba tare da policyholders. likita ilimi shi ne samuwa ne kawai a cikin babban birnin kasar - University Clinical Center.

Pristina (Kosovo) da yawan jama'a na 200 da dubu. Mutane kuma shine mafi girma a birnin a kasar. Wani babbar cibiyar - Prizren, shi ne gida don kawai a kan dubu 100 mutane ..

shigarwa-matakin ci gaban ilimi a cikin ƙasa na Jamhuriyar akwai 1200 makarantu na junior da kuma tsakiyar-matakin manajoji. Duk da haka, babbar matsalar da rarraba da takardar shaida daga malamai.

A cikin sharuddan al'adu ci gaban jihar da tsohon addini cibiyar sun kawai tunanin. A lokacin da sojoji da aka lalatashi da kuma halakar da mafi yawan kasar ta Orthodox Monuments.

Kosovo ta tattalin arzikin

Kosovo - a kasar da cewa a halin yanzu dauke daya daga cikin kasashe mafiya talauci a nahiyar Turai. Wannan jiha na jihar ya dauki daga lokacin gano wani bangare na Serbia, kuma bayan da a saki shi ne ma fi aggravated. Mass rashin aikin yi, low rayuwar, m Hakkin - shi korarsu Kosov shekaru masu yawa, duk da babban tattalin arziki na kasar.

Cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin

Ga yawan jama'a da Kosovo ne halin da irin wannan alama: mafiya yawa daga cikin aiki, yawan, ba kasancewa iya sami a cikin gida da kasar, ana gudanar a kasashen waje unofficially ta aika da 'ya'yansu, iyaye yana nufin ga zama. Bisa kididdigar da, daga 1700 dubu. Population 800 dubu. A wannan lokaci ne wajen kasar.

A kan ƙasa na Kosovo ne da mayar da hankali manyan adibas na ma'adanai irin su magnesite, gubar, nickel, cobalt, haƙar kuma tutiya. Jamhuriyar bautarka 5th wuri a duniya reserves na ruwan kasa da kwal. Kosovo yana da wata babbar kasa da kasa bashin waje, wasu daga wanda aka biya har 2008. Serbia.

A shekarar 1999, a sakamakon rabuwa da Serbia, Kosovo shigar da jihar na Jamus kudin - da Jamus lamba, sa'an nan tare da kasashen Turai suka amince da Yuro. A yankin arewaci na Serbia da kudi - dinari.

matsaloli

A halin da Kosovo m da kuma kiwata wasu damuwa, saboda haka kada ku jawo hankalin masu zuba jari a cikin kasar. Wannan dalilin kaiwa zuwa bayyanar da inuwa tattalin arziki a kasar. M shi ne smuggling, kasar fitar dashi taba, sumunti da fetur. Har ila yau, a Kosovo ne yaxu fataucin miyagun} wayoyi. A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kimomi, a kan iyaka a Turai samun fiye da 80% na haram kwayoyi daga Kosovo.

yawan

Kosovo da yawan jama'a na 1 da miliyan 700 da dubu. Man. The kabilu an zubar a wani kaso 90% - Albanians, 6% - Serb 3% - Roma, kuma 1% ne sauran kasashe Turks, Bosniak, Ashkalis, Goran. Albanians - mafiya yawa Kosovo ta yawan. The hukuma harshe na jamhuriyar - da Albanian da Serbian. Albanian harshen dogara ne a kan Latin haruffa, yayin da Serbian - QFontDatabase.

yawon shakatawa

Popular mai yawan mutane daga kasashen makwabta zo ganin gida gani. Kuma ba mamaki. Wannan yanki ne mai arziki a cikin mai ban mamaki wuri da ba zai bar kowa sha'aninsu dabam. lokaci ya kamata a cikakken shirya da kuma kafa wata hujja tsarin cimma iyakar kasancewa da wuraren ban sha'awa. A jama'ar nan ne marabtar da kuma ko da yaushe a shirye don taimakawa - muna bukatar kawai don neman taimako. Tabbata ga koyi Turanci da kyau, ba a samu shiga wani m halin da ake ciki tare da rashin ilimi na gida harshe.

A halin yanzu a kasar nan shi ne zaman lafiya, babu wani soja rikice-rikice, don haka kasar sannu a hankali ta fara sake gina birni da kuma, ba shakka, da tattalin arziki. A mafi tsanani shi ne gaskiya cewa Kosovo a matsayin mai raba jihar da aka har yanzu ba a gane ta da duka, wanda muhimmanci aggravates ta ci gaba.