Ta yaya ne tsari na zuciya?

Bari mu magana game da yadda da tsari na zuciya. Yana da wannan jiki ne mai muhimmanci da kuma muhimmanci ga jikin mutum. Yana da aka karkashin cikakken aikin faruwa ga tabbatar da m kuma da isasshen aiki da duk gabobin, tsarin, Kwayoyin. The zuciya kai su gina jiki da kuma oxygen, yin tsarkakewa daga kwayoyin da abubuwa sakamakon metabolism.

A wasu yanayi, da tsari na zuciya da aka gaji da damuwa. Ka yi la'akari da matsalolin da suka shafi aiwatar da ayyuka na wani babba sashen jikin mutum.

Features na aiki

Ta yaya ne tsari na zuciya da jini? Wannan jiki ne mai rikitarwa famfo. A da tsarin akwai hudu daban-daban sashen, kira kyamarori. Biyu sunayen hagu da dama atria, da kuma biyu suna kira ventricles. Located a saman wani m bakin ciki-walled atrium, babban taro na zuciya tsoka da aka raba wa ventricles.

A tsari na zuciya da ake dangantawa da jini famfo a rhythmic ƙanƙancewa da shakatawa na tsokoki na jiki. rage lokacin kira systole tazara m wa shanyayyen, kira diastole.

wurare dabam dabam

Farko da atria a lokacin systole, sa'an nan atrial aiki. Venous jini ne aka tattara ta jiki ta shiga dama atrium. A nan, cikin ruwa yana fita, shi wuce a cikin dama ventricle. The site za tsotso jini, aika shi zuwa cikin huhu wurare dabam dabam. Wannan abin da ake kira da jijiyoyin bugun gini cibiyar sadarwa da na kewaye da huhu. A wannan mataki, gas musayar faruwa. Yanayi oxygen shiga cikin jini, saturates shi, jini carbon dioxide da aka saki. Oxygenated jini a shiryar da zuwa hagu atrium, to, shi gudana a cikin hagu ventricle. Yana da wannan ɓangare na zuciya ne mai karfi da kuma manyan. Ta nauyi hada jini turawa ta cikin lakã ga tsari dabam dabam. Ta ci gaba ta hanyar jiki, kawo shi daga carbon dioxide.

Features na aiki na jini da kuma zuciya

A tsari na zuciya da jini dangantaka da tsarin lantarkin. Ita ce ta samar da rhythmic duka na zuciya, ta periodicity raguwa, shakatawa. A surface na jiki da aka rufe da yawa zaruruwa, m don samar, aika da daban-daban lantarki hasken dake fitowa.

Signals ake generated a cikin sinus kumburi, da ake kira "pacemaker". Wannan yanki shi ne a kan babban surface na dama atrium. Samar da shi, da alama ya wuce ta atria, haddasa ragi. Sa'an nan da lokacinta ne zuwa kashi da ventricles, samar da wani rhythmic ƙanƙancewa na tsoka zaruruwa.

Vibrations na zuciya tsoka up a fara tasawa kewayon daga sittin zuwa tamanin da minti kudi. Cewa suna kira cardiac bugun jini. Domin kayyade lantarki ayyuka na zuciya da tsarin lokaci zuwa lokaci electrocardiogram. Ta hanyar irin wannan bincike za a iya gani turu samuwar, kazalika da motsi a cikin zuciya, ya bayyana tafka magudi a cikin irin wannan tafiyar matakai.

Neuro-humoral tsari na zuciya an haɗa da na waje da kuma na ciki dalilai. Alal misali, zuciya palpitations faruwa a karkashin mai tsanani wani tunanin danniya. A cikin tsari, akwai tsari na hormone adrenaline. Wannan shi ne iya ƙara da zuciya rate. Humoral tsari na zuciya za su iya gane wani iri-iri da matsaloli tare da al'ada bugun zuciya, a dace hanya don kawar da su.

malfunctions

Ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, a karkashin irin wannan kasawa unsa da dama da suka faru na cika ƙanƙancewa na zuciya kari. Irin matsalolin da za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar da dama dalilai. Alal misali, da tsari na zuciya aiki na faruwa a electrolytic da endocrine ailments, vegetative cuta. Bugu da kari, matsaloli tashi a lokacin, abin mãye da wasu magunguna.

Kowa iri keta

M tsari na zuciya da ake dangantawa da tsoka contractions. Sinus tachycardia ne mafi m contractions daga cikin zuciya. Bugu da ƙari, akwai iya zama yanayi a cikin abin da yawan balli an rage. Wannan cuta a magani da ake kira sinus bradycardia. Daga cikin hatsari keta alaka da ayyuka na zuciya, mun lura paraksizamalnuyu tachycardia. Idan wani akwai kwatsam karuwa a yawan zuciya beats da minti har zuwa wani mutum ɗari. A haƙuri ya kamata a sanya a cikin wani kwance matsayi, nan da nan kira wani likita.

A tsari na zuciya hade da atrial fibrillation, arrythmia. Duk wani disturbances a al'ada zuciya rate ya zama wata alama don samun damar zuwa likitan zuciyar.

atomatik aiki

A sauran, zuciya tsoka ne rage by game da mutum ɗari da dubu sau daya a rana. Shi ne a lokacin da wannan lokaci tsawon game da goma ton na farashinsa jini. Contractile aiki na zuciya da aka bayar da zuciya tsoka. Yana nufin da striated tsoka, wato, yana da wani takamaiman tsari. Ya ƙunshi wani Kwayoyin, a cikin abin da zumudi ya bayyana, shi ne daukar kwayar cutar zuwa garun da atrial da kuma na ramin zuciya tsoka. Rage daga cikin zuciya na faruwa, a cikin hãlãye. Farko da atria sa'an nan da ventricles.

An automaton ake kira da zuciya ta ikon yi mu'ãmalar rhythmically ƙarƙashin rinjayar hasken dake fitowa. Yana da wannan alama tabbatar da 'yancin kai tsakanin juyayi tsarin da kuma aiki na zuciya.

FLASHER

Sanin cewa talakawan yawan lashe minti daya ne 75 sau, wanda zai iya lissafi da tsawon na ƙanƙancewa. A kan talakawan, yana daukan game 0.8 seconds. A cikakken sake zagayowar kunshi uku bulan:

• domin 0.1 seconds ne da za'ayi biyu atrial ƙanƙancewa.
• Yana 0.3 seconds raguwa a hagu da dama ventricles.
• na game da 0.4 seconds ne total shakatawa.

na ramin zuciya shakatawa na faruwa a game da 0.4 seconds, to irin wannan atrial tazarar lokaci ne 0.7 seconds. Wannan lokaci ne quite isa ga cikakken mai da tsoka.

Dalilai da shafi cikin zuciya

Da ƙarfi, kuma da zuciya rate hade da waje da kuma ciki yanayi na jikin mutum. Tare da kaifi karuwa a yawan contractions kiyaye ci gaban da jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin na wata babbar adadin jini da naúrar lokaci. Lokacin da rage karfi da kuma zuciya rate rage jini ejection. A lokuta biyu akwai wani canji a cikin jini samar da jikin mutum, wanda yana da mummunan tasiri a kan yanayin.

Gyara na zuciya ne da za'ayi reflexively, da autonomic juyayi tsarin ya ƙunsa shi. Hasken dake fitowa ta cewa ya zo da zuciya na parasympathetic jijiya Kwayoyin zai rage gudu, buwãyar ƙanƙancewa. Karfafa da kuma palpitations bayar da m jijiyoyi.

Humoral aiki "mutum motor" da ake dangantawa da aiki na ilimin aiki abubuwa da kuma enzymes. Alal misali, epinephrine (da adrenal hormone), alli mahadi taimakawa wajen mafi m kuma Ya ƙãra zuciya rate.

potassium gishiri, da bambanci, taimaka wajen rage yawan cuts. Don saukar da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin to waje yanayi nema humoral dalilai da kuma aiki na juyayi tsarin.

A lokacin da kisan jiki aiki a can ne ya kwarara daga hasken dake fitowa daga tsokoki da kuma tendons rabe a tsakiya m tsarin gudãnar aiki na zuciya. A sakamakon haka, akwai An kara kwarara zuwa cikin zuciya hatsaisai na m jijiyoyi, da jini da aka jefa adrenaline. Saboda da karuwa a yawan zuciya contractions kwayoyin na bukatar ƙarin adadin gina jiki da kuma oxygen.