Kerch Fortress a Crimea - hoto da sake dubawa

Crimean sashin ne da ya shahara ba kawai domin ta musamman sauyin yanayi da kuma yanayi. Yana da wani babban yawan abubuwa da suke da muhimmanci tarihi da kuma al'adu muhimmancin zamani Rasha da kuma ga mutanen da suke da wani ɓangare na Rasha Empire. Daga cikin wadanda - sansanin soja Kerch. Mene ne mafi ƙwarai facts, nuna ta tarihi? Menene your kwaikwayo na yawon bude ido ziyartar wannan makaman a cikin Crimea?

Overview

Kerch tauri, kuma wani lokacin ake magana a kai a matsayin Fort Totlebena, located a Cape Ak-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi a Kerch mashigar (a mafi kunkuntar ɓangare na abu). Yana da aka gina a karni na 19th ta Rasha ta USAID don kare kasar Maritime kan iyakoki. A yi na wuraren fara nan da nan bayan da Crimean War, kuma a cikin da yawa hanyoyi qaddamarwa na aikin ya kasance saboda da m sakamako na yaƙin neman zaɓe a kasar Rasha.

Duk da cewa a karkashin sharuddan da yarjejeniyar da Paris, Rasha ba zai iya samun wata sojojin ruwa da kuma kufaifan aiki a cikin yankin na Black Sea, Alexander II yanke shawarar gina wani gini da cewa zai taimaka wajen kare mashigar daga Black Sea zuwa Tekun Azov. Na dogon lokaci da sansanin soja da aka yi amfani da su saukar da sojojin warehouses. Kai tsaye a kan ƙasa da yaƙi ya faru a lokacin da Mai girma Patriotic War. Yau ginin ne batu na tarihi da kuma al'adu na Rasha.

Ta yaya da Kerch kagara? Brief shawara

Ta yaya da Kerch kagara? A 1853, Rasha shiga cikin Crimean War. Saboda karancin kudi da hukumomin ba su iya aiwatar da zama dole har da tabbatarwa daga hanyoyin da Kerch Larabawa. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin Sanadin faɗuwarsu ta (daidai da na kowa kima tsakanin masana tarihi) soja rikici a kasar Rasha. Saboda haka, don yin da yuwuwar tsaro na Kerch mashigar more abin dogara, da hukumomin yanke shawarar gina wani iko da sansanin soja. A mafi kyau duka wuri domin ta wurin kabido da Ak-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi da aka zaba.

A 1856, akwai wani da farko daftarin na gaba sansanin soja na Kerch. An gabatar da Janar Kaufman. Yi ta ɗauki nauyin Kanar Nat. A 1859, tare da aikin da ya koma sanannen darektan na Engineering Department na ma'aikatar War Totleben sani fortifier. Yana iya lura da cewa, zargin da wani sabon Rasha sansanin soja a kan Black Sea ba saba wa yarjejeniyar da Paris, bisa ga abin Rasha ta ayyuka da aka mai tsanani iyakance a cikin Game yankin.

zane alama

Abin da ake fasali na aikin da halin da gina sansanin soja na Kerch? Da farko, ya kamata a lura da cewa developers ji shi dole su sanya karfafa haka cewa makiya sojan ruwa tasoshin a ƙofar Tekun Azov kasance a ƙarƙashin m bombardment jihar bakin teku manyan bindigogi. Kagara Kerch shirya ya za a karfafa da babban Fort "Totleben" kudu na shi - shirya Minsk lunette arewa - Vilna. Yana kamata a sanya a kan harbe-harben matsayi na sansanin soja fiye da 500 bindigogi. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na shirya tura sojojin fiye da 5 dubu mutane, daga gare su -. More fiye da 1,800 manyan bindigogi. Yana da aka zaci cewa, sansanin soja a Kerch dole ne a sanye take zuwa rike na tsawon lokaci tsaron gida mataki.

Aiwatar da aikin

The aikin, bisa ga abin da ya gina sansanin soja na Kerch, aka amince a 1868. Amma da shiri na farko biyu barikin fara a cikin hunturu na 1857. Yawan abubuwa na sansanin soja dake sama da ƙasa, da aka rage girmanta. Barikin da alaka da fada matsayi da karkashin kasa sassa. Su duka tsawon kasance da dama kilomita.

Rasha Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II farko ziyarci da makaman a 1861. Bayan wani dubawa na sansanin soja Kerch an umurce, bisa ga abin da girmama na sojojin da suka yi kashe su aiki a ginin yi, lunettes samu mafi kyau sunan - Minsk da Vilna rajimanti. Bi da bi, da babban Fort aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa Totleben.

Mutane da yawa na yau yawon bude ido suna ba da irin wannan tambaya, shirin ziyarci sansanin soja a Kerch: "Mene ne daidai yi na dacewa?". A gaskiya, da cewa a key kashi na tsarinta mai suna bayan sanannen fortifier, da kayyade kowa sunan abu, wanda sauti kamar "John Totleben". Dauke tsarin ne sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin: boye sansanin soja a Kerch. The cewa babban ɓangare na da wurare, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, shi ne a karkashin kasa.

Daga cikin sauran sananne tarihin asali, nuna da sarki ziyarci sansanin soja, shi ne wadannan: Colonel Nat aka ciyar da su da manyan janar. Zaka kuma iya lura cewa a 1863 Alexander II, wanda a ajiye tare da Totleben, yanke shawarar bari gina ƙarin mata kagarai, da kuma maimakon karfafa data kasance Tsarin. Daga baya Manjo Janar Nat ya zama kwamandan yayin da kwamandan na dakarun yanzu a yankin na birnin Kerch. Totleben Fort ya zahiri a shirye domin ta 1877.

A yankin na sansanin soja ya game 250 kadada. A 1877, a lokacin da ginin ya kusan gama, shi ya fara Rasha-Turkish yaki. Kerch sansanin soja da aka yiwuwar shirya Harnessing a lokacin fadace-fadace, amma a yi wannan bai faru ba. Tare da fashewa tashin a Kerch mashigar gina fili mai bom. Sojoji daga sansanin jiran bayyanar battleships na Ottoman Empire. Amma shiga yãƙi ba su da.

A tarihin da sansanin soja a cikin karni na 20th

A farkon karni na ashirin, da yawan sojojin sansanin soja da ya ƙara muhimmanci - har zuwa 9 dubu mutane .. Duk da haka, a 1905 shi canja da matsayi, kuma ya kasance wani sansanin soja da-sito. Bayan da sanannun siyasa da suka faru na 1905 Totleben Fort ya zama wani wuri na fursunonin siyasa a tsare. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, kazalika da wani lokaci na rikicin siyasa wadannan juyin juya halin na 1917 da sansanin soja ba da hannu a matsayin soja makaman. Duk da haka, a cikin 20s warehouses sanya a cikinta, sha wahala da sata. girma daga cikin ƙasar da gine-gine da aka lalata. A farkon 30 ta kagarar sake zama used Army - Red Army da kuma Navy suna da hannu domin shirya ta warehouses.

Sansanin soja a WWII

A tarihin kagarar Kerch ne a hankali related to yakin duniya na biyu events. Saboda haka, a watan Nuwamba 1941, ta kama da Jamus sojojin. A lokacin fadace-fadace da sansanin soja da aka hõre wani aiki harin bom da kuma dakarun manyan bindigogi. Wehrmacht sojojin sun iya karya da tsaro na 51 th da Maritime Runduna, bayan da suka tafi da aiki sarari a cikin kwari na Crimean sashin. Soviet sojojin fara ja da baya.

A rashin tasiri umurnin qaddara kama da Jamusawa sansanin soja Kerch. Amma wata daya daga bisani ya fara Kerch-Feodosiya aiki, a lokacin da Jamus aka fitar daga karkarar da Kerch Larabawa. Sea bawo na manyan zamo, wanda aka sanya shi a cikin ajiya da kuma sansanin soja sun dan lokaci a zubar da cikin mai mamaye, suna da baya a mallaki Soviet sojojin. Bugu da kari, a lokacin da Nazi sojojin kãma ginin, da sojoji na Red Army gudanar ya fitad da wani gagarumin adadin materiel, located a kagara, a kan Taman.

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1942 da Jamusanci iska karfi da za'ayi m harin bom na Kerch. Wannan tilasta Soviet umurnin don canja wurin raka'a zuwa kagara. A halin da ake ciki a kan Crimean gaban raya ga Red Army ba hanya mafi kyau - a watan Mayu, da Jamus sun sosai a kusa da birnin. Front umurnin da aka tilasta fara fitarwa na ma'aikata da kuma kawar da soja warehouses. A watan Afrilu 1944, Soviet sojojin 'yanci Kerch sansanin soja. Bayan da yaki, ta sake fara yin amfani da matsayin sojojin reserves ajiya makaman. Har ila yau housed a horo bataliya a cikinsa.

castle yau

Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet soja raka'a jibge a cikin sansanin soja da Kerch, shi aka watse. Wannan aka tare da wani iri-iri na hallakaswa ayyuka kan sojoji reserves, sa a kan shafin. A farkon 2000s, duk da haka, castle aka mika wa Kerch tarihi da kuma al'adu Reserve. Wannan yarda da masu bincike don fara aikin dangantaka da cikakken nazari da tsarin, ka yi share da karkararta na ammonium kama nan a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, don yin yawon shakatawa yawon shakatawa. Kerch mazauna da kuma yawon bude ido sun iya ziyarci wannan almara wuri da kuma samun Masana ta musamman tarihi.

Su iya ganin matafiya suka za i su ziyarci da makaman? Da farko, haƙĩƙa, sũ zai mamaki da kanta injiniya ra'ayi, a kan abin da aka gina da sansanin soja na Kerch. Hotuna Facilities - a kasa.

M da kewaye Fort sauran abubuwa, kamar wani sansani da tsawon - na domin na 3 km, nisa - game da 15 m, zurfin -. About 5 m zai zama mai ban sha'awa, don su bincika caponiers. A cikin ƙasa na yi akwai babban adadin karkashin kasa sassa, warehouses. A tsawon daya daga cikin Tunnels located boye, shi ne game da 600 m.

Abin da sauran ƙwarai shafukan ciki har da sansanin soja Kerch? Hotuna da rami, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin hadaddun tsarin, da aka gabatar a kasa - a cikin dace sikelin abu iya duba da kuma sha'awan su na dogon lokaci.

Yana iya lura da cewa, mutane da yawa daga cikin karkashin kasa Tsarin daga cikin sansanin soja da Kerch ne har yanzu ba su cikakken bincike ba.

Yau da sansanin soja Kerch, Totleben Fort da kuma sauran abubuwa da cewa wani bangare ne na tsarin gine-gine, da matsayi na tarihi da kuma al'adu darajar. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido tafiya zuwa Crimea, suka nemi su zo nan, kai mai yawon shakatawa na wurin soja daukakar Rasha. Abin da yi matafiya da suka ziyarci sansanin soja Kerch, Fort Totleben?

matafiyi Reviews

Yawon bude ido, wanda gudanar ziyarci wadannan wurare, jin dadin sa. Su ban sha'awa duk: tarihi da na sansanin soja Kerch, sikelin gine-gine, art injiniyoyi aiwatar a kan kowane daga cikin sassan na yi tsari. Mutane da yawa matafiya shigar da su ziyarci sansanin soja ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi m events a lokacin da tafiya zuwa Crimea. Yana iya lura cewa yawon shakatawa yawon shakatawa na sansanin soja suna sosai mai daraja ba kawai matafiya, amma kuma masana daga sana'ar yawon shakatawa. A sharudda ga dace kima fitowa kamar cikin sha'awa na mutane zuwa wannan wuri, da kuma shirye-shirye na da yawa yawon shakatawa ayyukan, shafe wata ziyara daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci na tarihi wuraren a Rasha.

Yadda za a samu ga wuraren?

Wani abu da zai yi sha'awar a cikin na farko wuri saboda mutane da yawa matafiya suka shirya ziyarci sansanin soja na Kerch - da lura na ginin. Yana yiwuwa a samu to da motar jigila №6, wanda ke daga tashar bas. Duk da haka, suna da kadan yawo a kan kafar - game da rabin sa'a. Zaka kuma iya zama a kan wani daga cikin bas cewa gudu ta hanyar kauyen Geroevskoe a Kerch. Za ka iya amfani da wani. Muhimmanci lokaci don samun kashe a "Babbar Hanya na Heroes na Stalingrad" da "Sunny". To, dole ka bi a kafa zuwa ga Pavlovsk Bay.

Idan wani mutum da aka tafiya ta mota, za ka iya fitar da a kan karauka zuwa titunan Heroes Eltigen Red Hill. Bayan - yi a kan shi da kuma je Tiritakskoy yankin. Sa'an nan kuma ka bukatar ci gaba a kan Ordzhonikidze Street zuwa DC "Shipwright". Bayan - kunna uwa Ulyanov. Yana zai zama dole su fitar da Ruhu Mai Dormition coci, sa'an nan su tũba uwa Zyabreva. Bayan - a kan titi na gama, wanda zai kai har zuwa sansanin soja na Kerch.

Wasu rikitaccen ci gaba hanya lissafi domin yawon bude ido shirin ziyarci sansanin soja na Kerch: adireshin Tsarin ba a hukumance rubuta. Babban abu, wanda ya kamata a shiryar - Cape da Ak-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi. Duk da haka, bayani game da lura na yi za a iya samu a cikin tarihi da kuma archaeological gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda aka located in Kerch a ul. Sverdlov, 7. Wannan makaman iya shiga sama domin mai yawon shakatawa na castle.

Wani zabin - don samun to gina wani taxi, wanda shi ne muhimmanci mafi tsada, amma a matsayin mulki, a wannan yanayin, za ka iya fitar da up ga castle kusa. Sai ya faru da cewa wani yawon shakatawa ne ba a Kerch da kuma a sauran garuruwa fata ziyarci sansanin soja na Kerch. Yadda za a samu to da shi a cikin wannan hali? Da farko kana bukatar ka samu, a gaskiya, zuwa birnin Kerch. A mafi m hanyar yin wannan - bas da ke daga Simferopol.

Ban sha'awa abubuwa game da sansanin soja Yenikale

Tare da sansanin soja na Kerch a cikin Crimea, akwai mutane da yawa da sauran sananne wuraren tarihi. Wasu daga cikin su suna located a bakin tekun. Daga cikin wadanda - Yenikale sansanin soja a Kerch. Ya dogara ne mafi hukumomi na Ottoman Empire, wanda ya mallakar Crimea kafin ya tafi zuwa cikin Rasha Empire. Wajen Yenikale sansanin soja a Kerch aka gina a cikin marigayi 17th - farkon 18th karni. Facility sunan fassara zuwa Turkiyya a matsayin "sabon castle". Sansanin soja da aka located kai tsaye a cikin iyakoki na Kerch.

Yenikale aka mallakar Rasha, kazalika da birnin Kerch, daga 1774. Yana iya lura da cewa, da farkon karni na 19th ginin kusan rasa darajar a cikin bangare na soja amfani. A 1835, da sansanin soja da aka located a asibitin soja, wanda ya yi aiki har sai 1880. Bayan haka, yi na lokaci mai tsawo rayayye amfani. A lokacin da yãƙi a cikin Great Patriotic War a yankin na Turkiyya sansanin soja sun fada Soviet sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa. A 1944 da suka gudanar a kwato wani m ɓangare na birnin daga Jamus invaders.

Abin ban sha'awa facts za a iya lura game da sansanin soja Yenikale? Alal misali, an san cewa ta yi ya samu halartar injiniyoyi daga Italiya da kuma Faransa. Yana da wani hadari da aka zaba, kamar yadda wasu masu bincike suka yi ĩmãni, da wuri daga cikin castle - a gaban tofa aladu. Gaskiyar cewa wucewa jiragen ruwa suka ƙaryata game da damar rawar daji, da kuma aka located a kan bankunan na manyan bindigogi zai iya sauƙi bombard su. Kamar yadda na baya na Turkish sojojin sun iya amfani da Taman sansanin soja.

Yenikale sansanin soja na da siffar kusa da quadrangle. Da farko, tsarin da ganuwar da ba tsarin hakora. A sansanin soja da aka karfafa ta a moat. Sadarwa da babban ɓangare na sashin da aka bayar da uku hanyoyi. A farko - daga Kerch, na biyu - daga arewa-maso-gabas shugabanci, da uku - a kan wani ɓangare na Dzhankoy.

Yanzu ta ƙasar da makaman ne Railway - daga Kerch ga jirgin fito. Its aiki, bisa ga lissafin injiniyoyi, zai iya sa muhimmanci lalacewar da sansanin soja, wanda an riga an hõre babba lalacewar a wartime. Saboda haka, yana sa ran cewa bayan gina gada ta hada Krasnodar yankin da kuma Crimea, daidai Railway layi aka rufe, da kuma motsi na jiragen kasa - jinkirtar ga wani m akwati.

Idan muna so mu ziyarci Yenikale sansanin soja a Kerch, yadda za a samu to ta? Wannan tsari ne located a nesa na 11 km daga tsakiyar tashar bas da Kerch. Za ka iya kaiwa gare shi ba, a matsayin wani zaɓi, wata motar jigila wanda kara daga bas zuwa cikin teku jirgin fito. Wannan ginin da sansanin soja na Kerch ne a wata babbar nesa - kimanin kilomita 15 daga hanya, game da 10 km - by teku. Yenikale aka located zuwa gabas da babban juzu'in tsakiya na Kerch, mu yi karatu sama a sansanin soja - zuwa kudu. Dukansu gine-gine suna located a bakin tekun.

Domin da yawa yawon bude ido da alama bambanci a cikin nesa tsakanin abubuwa - ba wani nuna alama, kuma suna farin ciki a hada kai ziyara zuwa biyu wurare a cikin daya shirin. Kagara Yenikale da Kerch, kwance a bakin teku, da a kowa ne cewa biyu daga gare su - da musamman shafukan da tarihi da kuma al'adu na Rasha. Mutane da yawa matafiya bar comments on thematic online portals, imani da cewa wani mutum wanda ya so ya gano da jan hankali na Kerch Larabawa, shi wajibi ne don ziyarci biyu birãnensu.