Joachim von Ribbentrop: biography, key kwanakin da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na rayuwa

Joachim von Ribbentrop - daya daga cikin key Figures wanda ya sanya tarihi a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Wannan mutumin da aka fi sani a matsayin ministan harkokin wajen kasar Jamus da kuma daya daga cikin mafi kusa ga Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler a lokacin binciken da Fuhrer iko. Wannan labarin ya mayar da hankali a kan key events na Reich rai, daga haihuwarsa Afrilu 30, 1893 da kuma kawo karshen hukuncin kisa a lokacin Nuremberg gwaji a watan Oktoba 1946. Don da bayarda shawara game da ainihi na Ribbentrop, ku jũyar da su gano da kuma bincika mafi muhimmanci, da kuma wani lokacin banrazana lokacin da yake da rai.

yara

Von Ribbentrop, wanda biography da aka gabatar a kasa, an haife shi a wani karamin gari Jamus-sansanin soja na Wesel. Mahaifansa biyu da aka dauke ilimi mutane, kulla, iya fariya daga daraja haihuwa.

Mother, da rashin alheri, ya mutu a 1902 daga rashin lafiyarsa, sai da 'ya'yansa maza biyu da suka fito a austerity da horo na wata mahaifin Richard Ulrich Friedrich Joachim Ribbentrop, firaministan Lieutenant harbi rajimanti. The matasa Joachim ta girma ga waɗanda shekara na ilimi da aka bayar. Saboda gaskiya cewa mahaifinsa ya aiko domin sabis a sassa daban daban na Jamus, da 'ya'yansa maza daga yara mallakar da kuma Turanci, da kuma Faransa, da kuma inganta su a kwalejin. Daga uwar Ribbentrop Jr. wuce a kan wani soyayya na music: wasa da goge ya zama wani ɓangare na rayuwa.

Samartaka da farko aiki matakai

Kamar yadda wani matashi ya yi saboda m iyayentaka Ni rayuwa ga dama shekaru a Switzerland, Ingila, Amurka (New York), Canada. The latest Joachim da kuma zaunar, kamar yadda a can aka halitta sharadi gwargwado ga gina wani aiki. A lokacin ziyararsa a Montreal, ya yi kokarin hannunsa a banki, da kuma a matsayi na abin hawa mai kula. Duk da haka, ya koma Ottawa a bisa gayyatar da Ribbentrop so in fara nasu kasuwanci, da su zuba jari cikin hikima a cikin kasuwanci gaji babban birnin kasar.

Ayyukan a lokacin yakin duniya na farko

A shekara ta 1914, ba so zauna daga soja mataki, Ribbentrop bar Canada da kuma aika zuwa bauta a cikin sojan doki rajimanti na gaba. Fada a kan gabashi da yammacin Front. A shekarar 1918, tuni wani leftana, ya aka lura ga soja abin yabo da kuma ji rauni Iron Cross. Domin kiwon lafiya dalilai ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Turkey kamar yadda adjutant izini ma'aikatar War, inda Ribbentrop rahoton a kan shiri na kasar. Lokacin da yaki karshe an rasa to Jamus, ya sani ƙi, jin m shago da yarjejeniyar da Versailles. Yana yiwuwa a gane, duk da haka, da cewa shekaru na sabis sun ba ya ɓace von Ribbentrop: shi ne a gaba, ya samu wani muhimmanci gamuwa da shahararren siyasa Figures kamar Franz von Papen da Paul von Hindenburg.

Daga kasuwanci - siyasa

A post-yaki Turai, musamman a cikin Weimar Jamhuriyar, jurewa tattalin arziki devastation, ba shi yiwuwa a saka tare da kanka lafiya a jihar, don haka Ribbentrop yanke shawarar komawa zuwa Canada, Ottawa, inda suke nuna masa haihuwa abokai. Kawai a kan wani shekara ya kulawa don samun tabbatacciya a auduga shigo da kuma gudanar da wani yawan nasara ma'amaloli, wanda a yarda don samun arziki da sauri, da kuma kafa sabon muhimmanci idon sani.

1919-20-ies ya tuno daga baya tare da musamman zafi, saboda a wannan lokacin ya fara wata dangantaka da ya nan gaba matarsa, Annelise Henkel, wadda ta haifa masa 'ya'ya biyar. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu zai zama a nan gaba daya daga cikin 'ya'yan - Rudolf von Ribbentrop, wanda ya gaya labarin a karshen.

Aure ya gaske farin ciki, kuma sosai m kamar yadda Annelise mahaifin a-dokar miƙa su sanya co-owner of nasa kamfanin, da reshe a Berlin sadaukar da saya da kuma isar da giya daga kasashen waje. Wannan kasuwanci ya taimaka Joachim von Ribbentrop a 1924 bude nasa kamfanin An riga an sayar da shigo da barasa "Schoenberg da Ribbentrop." Kamfanin fara kawo babba samun kudin shiga, wanda a yarda da mai shi ya shiga cikin manyan Berlin al'umma.

A cikin rabi na biyu na 1920, Ribbentrop mayar sadarwar da Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen. Layi daya ga wannan, ya, kasancewa m, a kwarewarsu da kuma tasiri, buga da aiki don canja manufofin da ƙasarsa ta kasar, wanda a tsawon shekaru sun ci gaba.

Sani da Adolf Hitler, kuma Ka riskar da NSDAP

Von Ribbentrop gane barnatar da da yarjejeniyar da Versailles, wanda, a cikin ra'ayi, da kuma sa kaimi da kuma raunana da Weimar Jamhuriyar. Farga da cewa sa'an nan gwamnatin da ta siyasa da rashin tabbas da kuma m canji na kansila ne ba su iya shanyewa rinjayar biyu kasashen turai da kuma yaduwar Bolshevism, ya bada alhini ga National Socialists.

Sai bayan ganawa da Hitler da tsare-tsaren na Jamus von Ribbentrop da kuma shiga cikin jam'iyyar da kuma SS mukamansu, zama Standartenfiihrer, da kuma fara gabatar da nan gaba Fuhrer ga post na Chancellor a wurin Paul von Hindenburg. Don wannan karshen, ya shirya yawa tattaunawa tsakanin halin yanzu da kuma m shugabannin kasar, da kuma ga nasu tarurruka miƙa villa a Dahlem. Bugu da kari, shi ne kuma ya dace kasuwanci dangantaka tare da m mutane a Jamus: Joachim von Ribbentrop su da basira tabbata daga cikin bukatar kudi taimako nationalists. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa su yarda cewa Hitler da aka bai da wata babbar abu da kuma ruhaniya goyon bayan da sabuwar halitta National Socialist. Domin Hitler, mu kame cikakken iko, ya nada shi a matsayin mai bada shawara kan harkokin siyasa.

A farko diplomasiyya nasarorin

A Führer ne ba ta hanyar kwatsam amintacce Ribbentrop yawa muhimmanci kwamitocin, kamar yadda za mu fahimci cewa wannan mutumin ne daban-daban daga cikin sauran 'yan cikin diplomasiyya kungiyar soja. Ya shawara ya saku a Turanci da Faransanci, da wani tunani na haukan, manufofin da kasar Birtaniya da kuma Faransa. Hitler sau da yawa shawarci game da dangantakar da wadannan kasashe, wato Ribbentrop da kuma aika shi zuwa London da Paris tare da dukan manufa, irin waɗanda alaka kwance damarar yaki. Kuma idan tattaunawar kasa da Faransa, da Birtaniya, da ya zo da Hitler a shekarar 1935 wata yarjejeniya wadda ta kafa dama ma'auni na Turanci da kuma Jamus fleets na 100: 35, da kuma chances na ci gaba dangantakar abokantaka tsakanin kasashen biyu.

Raba batu ba shi yiwuwa ba a ma maganar halittar da ake kira Ribbentrop ofishin, da manufofin da suka kasance sana'a horo na diflomasiyya ma'aikata ta samar da wani sabon hukuma, kazalika da ci gaba na kasashen waje da manufofin da dabarun da kuma tsare-tsaren na Jamus. Yana da aka karkashin jagorancin Ribbentrop da kaina, shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa mutane da dama daga cikin SS aka lura daga nan gaba kasashen. Daga baya, duk ma'aikata na ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar domin domin a kunshe a cikin jami'an tsaro.

Wani abin yabo na von Ribbentrop ya cikar a 1936-37 Anti-Comintern yarjejeniya tare da Japan da kuma Italiya a hade tsare kwaminisanci tasiri daga Gabas. The ƙawance na wadannan kasashe suka nace har da karshen yakin duniya na biyu da kuma har kwanan kokarin dakatar kwaminisanci a dukan siffofin.

New Reich ministan harkokin wajen kasar

A shekara ta 1938 ya samu Ribbentrop ministan harkokin waje, biye a von Neurath. Alakokinsa da abokan aiki daga yanzu rincabewa. Na farko, ya ba su sha wahala da yawa mulkin kai a al'amura na kasashen waje da manufofin, wanda aka azaba ta wannan Reichsfuehrer SS Himmler ko hukuma Reichsleiter Rosenberg. Kullum suka tashi tsakanin su da yawa shawara game da Freemasons, majami'u, da Scandinavian kasashen, Yahudawa, da sauransu. D.

Abu na biyu, da yawa soki sabon ministan cikin kowtowing zuwa Hitler ta rashin iyawa don kare kansu bada shawarwari. Ribbentrop kanSa (tunanin rubuta shi a shekarar 1946, an tabbatar da) shigar a sashi, bayanin cewa Fuhrer ya da karfi da kuma basu baye adadi cewa ko da mafi m da mutãne fãsiƙai biyyaya da shi, dõmin tsõron tsautawa. Duk da haka, ya wajaba a kansa da cewa Hitler yana karkata zuwa sama maras wata-wata yanke shawara, da kuma ba kawai von Ribbentrop bai iya shawo masa.

prewar ayyuka

A cikin sabon matsayi kafin Reich ministan harkokin wajen kasar da dama manufofin: Austria, Memel, da Sudetenland da Danzig. Ribbentrop cikakken goyon bayan Fuhrer a kokarin shiga Austria da kuma Sudeten Jamusawa da Reich, don haka sa wannan iyakar kokarin: shirya wani taro tare da Austria jakadan, ya yi shawarwari tare da firaministan kasar Birtaniya Chamberlain da kuma halarci shiri na cikin Munich Yarjejeniyar. Ba tare da zalunci, kuma daga baya ya zargi da muzguna daga cikin Yahudawa yawan, saboda ya, kamar Hitler, so masa hallaka. Kamar yadda na Poland, a cikin memoirs, von Ribbentrop ya ce ba sani game da shirye-shirye domin yaki da shi da kuma amfani da dukan diplomasiyya talanti to zaman lafiya na rigingimu. Duk da haka, da facts ce kishiyar, domin shi ne saboda matsayinsa ba zai hango wani soja karo da sandunan.

Hulda da Tarayyar Soviet kafin yaki

A Mafarin na maido da ãyõyinMu, kuma tattaunawar tsakanin kasashen biyu ya zama daidai Joachim von Ribbentrop, Hitler ta dogon gamsu da bukatar kafa lambobi tare da Tarayyar Soviet. A ra'ayinsa, wannan zai tabbatar da Rasha saka hannu a harka na yaki da Poland, hannu garabasa tattalin arziki da yawa da mafi m bayyana gaban kasashen turai. Bayan da yawa binciken game da tattaunawar, Stalin amince da saduwa da Jamusanci izini wakilin. Duk da anti-kwaminisanci ra'ayoyi, da Fuhrer ya aika wata manufa da Tarayyar Soviet Ribbentrop, domin shi da kansa Jamus-Rasha ba ta'adi yarjejeniya da aka tsanani a game da yarjejeniyar.

A culmination na wani aiki - da yarjejeniyar da Molotov - Ribbentrop yarjejeniya watan Agusta 23, 1939

Wannan taron ya gangara a tarihi, tare da wani iri-iri da rigingimu da bi shi zuwa wannan rana. A gaskiya, shi ne ba da sauki bayyana, a matsayin nasara ba ta'adi yarjejeniya a wadda bangarorin biyu suka sha'awar, ya juya a manyan sikelin-jini yaki. Duk da haka, a 1939, ba Jamus kuma Tarayyar Soviet ba shirya wani bakin soji a juna ta manufofin, a akasin haka, a tsakanin kasashen biyu kafa dangantakar abokantaka idan ba (a cikin ra'ayi na kiyayewa daban-daban na falsafa akidu), amma a win-win dangantaka. Ya rubuta a cikin memoirs, da Jamus, ministan harkokin waje na ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar ne bad tunanin Tarayyar Soviet, sufi da siffa gan su da Stalin. Ribbentrop ba su sa ran don haka da sauri, da kuma dumi maraba da cewa ya ya juya waje, da kuma jama'ar kasar Commissar harkokin wajen Vyacheslav Mihaylovich Molotov kansa shugaban Tarayyar Soviet ya juya ga zama abin mamaki rungumar jama'a da kuma damuwa yan siyasa. Saboda haka, Jamus da kuma Tarayyar Soviet amince da juna saka hannu a al'amarin na shigarwa na da wani daga cikin jam'iyyun da yaki, kuma ya ƙiya zuwa waje ta'adi da juna.

Daga cikin abubuwan, da ya sanya hannu a asirce Molotov - Ribbentrop yarjejeniya, wanda ya raba Gabashin Turai da kuma Baltic jihohin a cikin yankunan ban sha'awa. Tarayyar Soviet ya dauki iko da mafi yawan Baltic kasashe, Finland, Bessarabia, kuma ya tashi zuwa Jamus, Lithuania da kuma yammacin Poland. Daga baya, a ranar 28 ga Satumba, rarraban line tsakanin biyu da aka gyara bayan da Jamus-Polish yaki da kuma yake kunshe a cikin yarjejeniyar da Amity da kuma kan iyakoki. An kaddamar da tattalin arziki musayar: The Tarayyar Soviet kawota da zama dole raw kayan da Jamus, da kuma a cikin sama samu da bayanai a kan su fasaha ci gaba, inji model, kuma haka a kan ..

Ribbentrop a farkon 1940

Tun farkon da yaki da Tarayyar Soviet tsakanin Hitler da ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar akwai fiye da bambance-bambance, wanda sun kai ga cewa Ministan harkokin wajen kasar, tare da sashen aka zahiri ware daga dauke da fitar da manufofin a Gabas. Von Ribbentrop hasarar wannan lokaci da tasiri aka ƙara da wuri ne a rashin daidaito da matsayi na Fuhrer. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa da cewa a shekarar 1945 shi da kansa ba ya zaton da iko na ministan. Bayan Jamus ta sha kashi yake boye tare da iyalinsa a Hamburg, inda aka kama shi.

Nuremberg gwaji

16 ga watan Oktoba, 1946 da ya faru da kisan da Allah wadai Jamus shugabanni, wanda aka same shi da laifin aikata laifukan yaki da zaman lafiya, a wani iri-iri na take hakki na soja yanayi. Ribbentrop domin ba bisa doka ba ayyuka sun ga azãba ta hanyar rataya. Kaburbura aka ba kiyaye kamar yadda toka aka warwatsa.

mayẽwa irin

Bayan mutuwarsa, matarsa Anneliese Henkel da aka buga a 1953 a tarihin mijinta, gyara da kuma supplementing su tare da zama dole bayani. Idan muka magana game da yara, da ya fi shahara dan Ribbentrop Rudolf. Ya zama memba daga cikin misali na SS, ya dauki bangare a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe da Poland da kuma Faransa. Shin wani tsohon soja na yaki da Tarayyar Soviet suka yi jihãdi a cikin arewa na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma a Kharkov sallama wa Amirkawa. A shekarar 2015 ya wallafa wani littafi, "Ubana, Joachim von Ribbentrop. "Bã da Rasha!" "Kuma ko da ya sanya gabatarwa a Rasha. Yara da jikoki ne quite wuya zuwa da sunan ubansu da kakan, amma suka ci shi da girma a cikin zamani al'umma. Alal misali, jikan Ribbentrop, Dominic, aiki da mai sayarwa na safes, a cikin zurfin nazari na tarihi takardun na yaki, ji zamar masa dole ya san kome game da cewa lokaci.