Jirgin ruwa na soja Gangut: description, tarihi, shugabannin sojojinka da ban sha'awa facts

Jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" tare da 3 jiragen ruwa na wannan jerin aka aza a kan 16.06.1909 Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa. Wannan kuwa shi ne farkon Tarurrukan na Rasha jiragen ruwa. The jefa aka gudanar 24.09.1911, ya karewa dade 2 shekaru. A 1913, sai ya wuce da gwajin, yarda, da kuma a watan Disamba 1914 shiga cikin 1st Brigade na battleships na Baltic jiragen ruwa.

Bango gina sabon jiragen ruwa

The abubuwan da ake bukata domin gina hudu battleships na Baltic Sea, ciki har da jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko," shi ne cikakken shan kashi na Rasha Empire a Rasha-Japanese War of 1905. Tashin hankalin Tsushima sa kafin Nicholas II da kuma gwamnatin na Rasha Empire, biyu mafi muhimmanci ayyuka da cewa bukatar da za a magance gaggawa:

• Cikakken ci baya na Rasha jiragen ruwa a kwatanta da sauran jari hujja jihohi.
• Cikakkar mismatch kula da tsarin da bukatun da manufofin da horo karamin mamba da aka bukata don magance matsaloli na ginin da kuma samuwar rundunar motoci.

Gaskiyar cewa shugaban sojin ruwa dakarun na Rasha Empire aka ba dandana admirals suke saba da latsa bukatun da jiragen ruwa ne ba tãtsuniyoyi, ba samu strategists da tacticians, da kuma Admiral-Janar, wanda sarki ya nada wani memba na na sarki iyali. Mataimakin babban manajan Admiral ya sojin ruwa sashen.

All muhimmanci yanke shawara, kuma umarni na Navy ya ba da kansa sarki, wanda kadan gane a cikin soja, musamman a cikin teku. Mafiya jihar shi ba soja rukunan, wanda zai dauke da ci gaban da jirgin-ginin shirye-shirye da kuma fasaha bayani dalla-dalla domin gina jiragen ruwa da kuma na sojan ruwa da kayan aiki.

Yana sauko da gaskiyar cewa Rasha ba ta da kotuna ba kawai don zuwa teku - kusan komai ya kare kan iyaka.

Shipbuilding shirin

biyu kananan shirye-shirye da aka ɓullo da, bisa ga abin a cikin wani gajeren lokaci da za a gina ga Baltic da kuma Black Sea fleets na sabon motocin. ya gina wani jirgin 4 wajibi ne ga Baltic Sea, ciki har da jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko", 3 submarines da kuma uwa jirgin yi musu hidima.

Domin Black Sea rundunar motoci da gina 14 hallaka da uku submarines. Turkey, ganin halin da ake ciki a kan Black Sea, ya yanke shawarar da gaggawa saya 3 sabuwar battleships a Ingila da kuma Brazil. Saboda haka, canje-canje da ake yi nan da nan, kuma an shirya ya gina uku kama da irin jirgin "Empress Maria", 9 hallaka da kuma "Bars" irin 6 submarines.

By yakin duniya na shekara ta 1914, babu wani daga cikin shirye-shirye ba a yi, haka ma, ba wani guda jirgin da aka ba kaddamar.

Series jiragen ruwa, ciki har da jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko"

All hudu dreadnoughts ga Baltic rundunar Series "Hanko" da aka shar'anta a cikin rana guda, 6/16/1909, a Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa. Su yi aka za'ayi a karkashin shiryarwar gogaggen Rasha injiniyoyi. Babban kaya sun Rasha Enterprises. Armor yana tare da Izhora, manyan bindigogi - tare da Obukhov, manyan bindigogi hasumiya - tare da Putilovsky da karfe masana'antu.

A watan Satumba, sun kaddamar da, amma tsaftacewa da kuma kammala battleships jinkiri. Haddasawa: Rasha shuke-shuke da su ci gaba sabon fasaha tare da wanda suka jimre da wahala; waje kamfanonin, wanda aka sanya umarni ga kayan aiki ga jiragen ruwa, da gangan lalace da kuma jinkirta ba a. A sakamakon lamentable. Subquality jiragen sun samu izini a watan Disamba 1914, kuma mafi yawan yaki ya tsaya a cikin hanyoyi, ba tare da harbe-harben guda harbi.

description jiragen ruwa

Ayyukan battleships, a gaskiya, an ci gaba da tashi daga karni na ashirin, amma da ba ta lokaci kuma da nufin kawo su zuwa hankali. An ba a gwada kafin bayarwa na daga cikin jiragen ruwa, wanda zai ba da damar zuwa gyara kurakurai. Sun riga za'ayi da matuƙan, a lokacin da kome zai iya zama daidai. A sakamakon da aka m zuwa mutuža cewa suna nan da nan classified a matsayin m, da kuma jiragen ruwa da yaki ya tsaya a cikin hanyoyi.

Domin dreadnoughts data aka halin da sauki silhouette: babba bene ya mike line, da hudu hasumiyai na Civil Code aka located a cikin wannan matakin, biyu choppers da biyu bututu. Dukan jiki ne zuwa kashi goma sha uku mai gangara compartments watertight bulkheads. Uku sulke bene. Tower babban baturi kafa equidistantly zumunta da juna.

A tsakiyar ɓangare na jirgin ya a tukunyar jirgi da kuma engine kafuwa. Na zama gabatarwa teams suna located a cikin baka. A raya - housed da jami'an 'bukkokin, tuƙi kaya, da iko, rediyo dakin.

Babban fasali na "Hanko" battleships sun abun da ke ciki da kuma tura manyan bindigogi. A nan, mite ya sanya Obukhov shuka, da samar da wani sabon gun 52 zamo da kuma} o} arin karfe factory kafa trohorudiynaya hasumiya kafuwa. Goma sha biyu 305 mm m-bindigogi, da kuma iyaka ne a wani kusurwa tadawa 25 digiri mafi girma daga nisan kilomita 23.

Tower shigarwa yana da nauyi na 773 ton da aka sanye take da samun iska da kuma dumama. A karkashin Tower ne ajiya na ammonium. Biyu-gun plutongi tattara ganimar Asusun 120-millimeter nawa bindigogi. Harbe-harben babban kuma zamo kamar nawa aka sarrafawa ta amfani da Heusler tsarin 2 da na gani rangefinders.

Amfani ko rashin amfani

Babban amfani da jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" ya babu shakka da manyan bindigogi, wanda a mutunta mutane da yawa m zuwa waje analogues. Ga undeniable abin yabo developers da kuma executors na biyu Rasha da shuke-shuke - Obukhov da karfe.

Ga sauran, shi ya tabbatar da sauki gaskiya - da rashin sulhu da irreconcilable, ba tare da hadaya da wani abu. Shi ne game da hada makamai masun karfi, makamai impenetrable, high Gudun gudun, manyan cruising kewayo. Shi gabã ɗaya ya yiwuwa ga wannan lokaci. Ya zama dole ya yi hadaya da wani abu don samun kusa da ake so sakamakon. Wannan ne yake aikata a kudi da makamai da kuma rai yanayi na ƙungiya. Fiye ma zauna kawai Japan matuƙan.

Wani muhimmin hasara ya tabbatar sosai low seakeeping. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi a kan jirgin isasshen man fetur saboda a game da mummunan Meltdown. Ya tabbatar da wannan Oceanic Ziyarar a 1929.

tashin

Duk da haka, jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" halarci a cikin yãƙi daga yakin duniya na farko. A watan Nuwamba, 1915 da Cruisers na 1st Brigade, a karkashin sunan jirgin ruwa na soja "Petropavlovsk" da "Hanko" a yankin na tsibirin Gotland yi tsayayya fiye da 550 minti.

A shekarar 1918, gwamnatin rikon kwarya da aka sanya jirgin ruwa na soja daga Helsingfors zuwa Kronstadt. Bayan maimaitawa a cikin shekara ta 1925, ya sake masa suna da "Oktoba juyin juya halin". Ya daukan bangare a cikin Russo-Finnish War. A lokacin babban Patriotic kare Leningrad. Wannan jirgin, wanda, duk da imperfections, godiya ga Rasha da kuma Soviet matuƙan da jami'an suka shige daraja hanya.

Fiye da 47 shekara da sabis, da jiragen ruwa na Rasha, sa'an nan - Tarayyar Soviet, ya canja da yawa daga cikin shugabannin jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko". Domin mafi part, yana da kyau jami'an, da suka fito a cikin hadisai na Rasha jiragen ruwa. Domin sabis, a cikin 1944, da jirgin ruwa na soja sãka musu da Order of Red Banner.

Jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" (1890): tarihin halittar

Jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" - ba kawai jirgin a Rasha Navy tare da wannan sunan. 4. Akwai aka kira da jirgin cewa ɗaukaka ga sunansa ya zama al'ada. Kowane jirgin na da makoma da kuma nufinsa, amma su dangantaka tare da wani na kowa sunan kuma akidar su da daraja Rasha Navy. Sunan jirgin ne da aka ba a daraja na Cape of Hanko, dake kusa da sashin na Hanko, Finland, wadda cika farko da nasarar da Rasha rundunar motoci a kan Yaren mutanen Sweden.

Armadillo "Hanko '(1890) na uku jirgin ruwa tare da wannan sunan. Yana da aka gina a matsayin wani ɓangare na wani 20-shekara Shipbuilding shirin. A cewar masana, da jirgin ruwa na soja zane ya ba quite mai kyau, da kuma ingancin yi wani matalauci, wanda ya jagoranci ƙarshe zuwa ga halaka da jirgin. Its main drawback - high obalodi, wanda, duk da haka, wani bala'i ba kawai ga Rasha Shipbuilding masana'antu. Wannan shi ne matsala ci karo da wasu ƙasashe.

Jirgin ruwa na soja Rasha na mallaka jiragen ruwa "Hanko" da aka kafa a St. Petersburg a Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a 1888. Bayan shekaru biyu ya sanya lõkacin saukarsa ga ruwa. Kammala a cikin 1894. A lokacin aikin ya aka shigar obalodi 600 ton, wanda ya kai ga wani karuwa a adibas da kuma raguwa a cikin gudun.

A mutuwa na jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko"

Tare da wannan jirgin ya faru kusan sufi labarin, wanda ya kai ga mutuwarsa. A kaka 1896 da jirgin ruwa na soja rammed kasa na jirgin aground a kan wani dutse da cewa kusan kai ga mutuwarsa. Ya samu ya tafi zuwa Kronstadt, inda ya aka sanya a cikin jirgin ruwan for gyare-gyare, wanda ya tafi a karkashin kulawa da almara Admiral Makarov SO A Yuni 1897 ya dauki bangare a dabara bada, ya dawo daga wanda gudanar a cikin uncharted kura idon dutse.

Awowi shida da ƙungiya heroically ya yi yaƙi domin da rai daga cikin jirgin. Amma duk a banza. Ajiye cikin jirgin ba ta iya ba saboda take hakkin tightness partitions da aka yarda a lokacin shiri. Ya tafi zuwa kasa, kuma har yanzu located a zurfin Vyborg Bay. Na ƙungiya ba guda mutum ya mutu. Kyaftin Tichotsky KM da kaina zan gwada kowace samuwa kusurwa na wani nitsewa jirgin, kuma kawai bayan kasancewa tabbata cewa duk tsĩrar, watsi da shi.

Publisher "Hanko". Monograph Series "Midel firam"

Jirãge, kamar mutane, su da kansu makoma. A wasu shi ne tsawon rai cike da nasarori da kuma daukaka. Na biyu - jure wahaloli da yawa, conscientiously gudanar da wani aiki. Duk da haka wasu - wadanda suka yi gajeren amma mai haske rayuwa. Ga wadanda suke da sha'awar a tarihin na rundunar motoci, da jiragen ruwa, su ƙaddara da kuma musamman wallafa "Hanko" samar da wani jerin monographs taken "Midel firam", kowane batu aka sadaukar domin daya ko a jerin zane, daga jirgi da aikace-aikace na kwaikwaiyo. Ciki har da saki da aka shirya ta wallafa gidan "Hanko" - "Midel firam", "jirgin ruwa na soja" Empress Maria "- zane".

Battlecruiser "Hanko", sabanin da jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" - shi ne mai tsohon soja, cikin shekaru biyu da duniya yaƙe-yaƙe. Ya ban sha'awa rayuwa, game da mutanen da suka kawo daukaka ga jirgin, da wallafe-wallafe gidan "Hanko" a cikin jerin monographs "Midel firam" shi ne a dakin sadaukar da jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko". Zane zai taimaka kwararru zuwa tsayar da tsarin da kuma karanta ban sha'awa bayani game da jirgin ruwa da kuma rayuwar mutane ga wanda jirgin ya gida da kuma haraji tashar. Ƙirƙiri jirgin da hannuwansu - abin da zai iya zama mafi ban sha'awa? A tsarin na jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" a sikelin 1: 350.

ƙarshe

A tarihin Rasha rundunar motoci cike yake da ban sha'awa facts. Zai ze cewa mutuwa na jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko" - da kyau, dõmin ya zama ban sha'awa? Ba da gwarzo a matsayin "Varyag" da aka kashe fada da makiya. Amma wannan ba shine al'amarin ba. Yana da wani bakin ciki gaskiya, kuma, kamar dai shi iya sauti cynical, wannan darasi, kuma Ya ƙarfafã bukatun ga unsinkable jiragen ruwa da aka fitar. A tsari na Admiral Makarov SO, watertight bulkheads yanzu ana gwada a wani sabon hanyar, wanda ajiye rayuwar mutane da yawa matuƙan a lokacin hadarurruka. A feat kyaftin 1 daraja Tichotsky KM da kuma tawagar, cewa 6 hours, ciki har da dare by Candlelight, ya yi dukan abin ajiye a cikin jirgi, ya cancanci veneration.