Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Makarov". jirgin ruwa mai filafilai 11356

Tun tsakiyar karni XX daga cikin kotunan na kusan duk duniya most fleets ya karu rawar gwada da kananan jiragen ruwa. A Amurka, wadannan jiragen ruwa kira rakiya hallaka.

jirãge ayyuka

Babban aiki na waɗannan kwanoni - kariya a gwada low-gudun convoys daga hari submarines. Saboda haka, idan aka kwatanta da cikakken hallakarwa, y isar da hallakarwa ƙananan gudun, kasa tonnage da kuma makamai. Duk da haka, bayan da ci gaban fasaha, da yin amfani da makaman nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke, shi yiwuwa a cika fuska ƙara gudun submarines, sakamakon shi a high-gudun sintiri da ake bukata. A ci gaba da zanga-jirgin da makamai masu linzami bukaci karfafa na anti-aircraft makamai. Saboda haka, a karshen sintiri jirgin ruwan hallakarwa rarrabe farashin da hijira.

A tarihin frigates zane

A shekarun 1960s aka yanke shawarar m manyan antisubmarine jiragen ruwa a cikin jiragen ruwa zuwa gaba da sabon sintiri jiragen. Duk da ƙananan fiye da BOD, girman da jiragen ruwa suka dauke da makamai ba muni. Tun shekarar 1964, shi ya fara ci gaba da aiki a 1135 - da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai, wanda yana da korar fiye da dubu biyu da ton. Arm shirya jiragen ruwa anti-makami mai linzami "Blizzard" tsarin, Sam "Osa-M" na hudu-torpedo shambura, biyu biyu manyan bindigogi tsarin AK-726 da kuma RBU-6000 tsarin. Har ila yau, jirgin da aka shirya za a sanye take da zamani Sonar system "Titan-2".

Gaskiya matsaloli ci karo a lokacin gwajin hadaddun "snowstorm" da kuma ma kananan iyakar kewayo (6 km), aka tilasta watsi da shi a cikin ni'imar yan hudu PU anti "Blizzard" tsarin kewayon 50 km. Gaskiya ya juya daga cewa da iyaka da dama m, tun da tashar "Titan-2" yana da wani muhimmanci ƙananan ganewa kewayo.

Bugu da kari, shi ninka adadin torpedo raka'a, anti-aircraft tsarin. Project kotu sanye take da wani towed Sonar system "Vega". 1135 Project na tasoshin ya ma ya karu, kai 3.200 tons. Saukar zuwa ga ruwa kotu don nasarar gudanar da wani manufa. Ta hanyar amfani da iskar gas injin turbin injuna suna ci gaba mai kyau gudun (32 kullin) da kuma sun iya aiki a jeri har zuwa 4,000 mil.

Jirãge 1135 ayyukan da su gyara 1135M aikin kamar matuƙan. Domin shekaru 10, saki 32 craft ayyukan 1135 da kuma 1135M.

Gaskiya kotu sãɓã wa jũna tsanani aibi - ba su da wani helikofta rumfar ajiye jiragen sama. Tare da ci gaban fasaha a da yawa fleets bincika ayyuka da shan kashi submarines kwanta, ban da jirgin ta jamiái, a jirgin sama, a cikin jirãge.

Project 1155 da kuma 11351

A sakamakon gabatarwar da helikofta rumfar ajiye jiragen sama ya sa a cikin halittar BOD Project 1155, wanda da erection na biyu Baltic shipyards kasance aiki. A cikin Kerch Shipbuilding shuka fara samar da sabunta hanyoyin Project 11351 sintiri, wanda aka shirya don wuce iyakar masu gadi.

A gaban da helikofta ba ka damar bincika, la'anta na fusata tasoshin iyaka. Forage aka saki don saukar da rumfar ajiye jiragen sama. A wannan batun, shipbuilders sha wahala a baka daya AK-100. A sakamakon haka, yawan Sam kuma gun firam wani zamo na 100 mm da aka halved. Don kare jiragen ruwa da iska hare-hare a cikin tsananin yana da wani biyu daga shida-barreled AK-32 zamo 630 mm. da kuma wani sabon Sonar aka shigar. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare daga jirgi gina a cikin tsarin na aikin 11351, radar tsarin "Angara" da aka maye gurbinsu da latest - "Fregat-M2".

Duk wannan ya yarda jiragen ruwa da ayyukan 11351 tasoshin wuce baya ayyukan.

India domin

A cikin shekaru 90 ci gaba da jiragen ruwa ya kusan tsaya. Tsire-tsire da aka ƙoƙarin tsira a kudi na fitarwa umarni. Yana da dogon tarihi na hadin gwiwa tsakanin Rasha da kuma Indiya Navy, ne kullum aiki tare da Soviet shipbuilders a cikin samuwa na cikin gida da jiragen ruwa da kuma a cikin shawarwari domin Indian zanen kaya. India, abu nasu raya kasa, da sha'awar fitarwa bambance-bambancen da ke sintiri jirgin ruwan aikin 11351 - 11356 aikin.

Ko da a cikin farkon matakai na Project 11356 frigates sun muhimmanci daban-daban daga aikin 11351, ya wahayi ga sabon zane. RBU-6000 roka da aka maye gurbinsu da PU "Uran" ga antiship tsaron gida. Bugu da ari alamun zamanin da India abokin ciniki buri ga matuƙa, canja bayyanar da shaƙewa na jirgin ruwa mai filafilai.

Ba kamar da samfur,

Soviet tsaron amfani da jiragen ruwa na aikin 11351 domin sintiri dalilai da kuma magance farautar a ga ~ ar ruwan da Tarayyar Soviet. Saboda haka, akwai kusan babu anti-jirgin makamai.

Indian abokin ciniki bukatar wani m jirgin da zai iya tsayayya da wani maƙiyi. Kamar wancan ne aka haife cikin jirgin ruwa mai filafilai PR. 11356 Kusan duk na jirgin ta bindigogi da aka maye. Sam "Osa-M" da aka maye gurbinsu "kwantar da hankula 1". Bayyana ga PU Club antiship makamai masu linzami. An sabunta manyan bindigogi na matsakaici zamo - akwai wani gun Dutsen A-190E 100 mm zamo.

Na Indiyawan fi son karkashin ruwa acoustics Humsa APSON tsarin. Duk da kayan frigates gudanar da tsarin "umurni-ME".

Muhimmanci bambance-bambance da kuma bayyanar. Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai PR. 11356 yana da ƙananan ganuwa zuwa radar. Bene yi, dangane da gwaninta na baya wars ake yi na karfe maimakon aluminum. Aluminum nuna kadan juriya ga wuta.

Kamance tare da samfur

Amma da jirgin ta ƙwanso da kuma mai kuzari naúrar M-7NE kiyaye wani babban mataki na kama tare da nasara samfur. Ƙara girma kayan aiki da makamai da kuma man fetur reserves, kyale su isa cruising kewayon 4500 mil, turawa hijirar ta 20% -. Don 4035 m The iyakar gudu cewa ɓullo da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai 11356, ya ragu daga 32 zuwa 30 kullin. Wannan farashin biya domin wani karuwa a iya aiki.

Bayarwa da oda

11356 farko jirgin ruwa mai filafilai izini a cikin bazara na shekara ta 2003, watannin uku daga baya aka kaddamar da wani biyu, da kuma a 2004 - da na uku. India fara aiki daga jirgi.

Ko da yake gwaje-gwaje sami kananan matsaloli na karfinsu na wasu makamai tsarin, Indian abokan ciniki sun yaba abin da yuwuwar ne 11356 jirgin ruwa mai filafilai.

Domin nasara aiwatar da farko domin, bi da wata kwangila ga uku mafi frigates. Tasoshin da aka gina a kan wani modified aikin 11356M. Yanzu da jirgin sanye take da anti-jirgin da makamai masu linzami ultrafast "BraMos", a hade ci gaba da Rasha da kuma Indiya kwararru maimakon Club tsarin. Jirãge wani sabon shiri abokin ciniki samu a 2012-2013. Gyara 11356 frigates a Indiya samar da Rasha gefe.

frigates 11356R

A 2010, akwai wani kwanciya na uku mafi jiragen ruwa. Yanzu shi jiragen ruwa tare da wani index 11356R - da bukatun da Rasha Black Sea jiragen ruwa. A 2012-2013 shi aka aza mafi 3 jirgin na wannan jerin. New jirgin ruwa mai filafilai na 11356 zane ne kama da Indiya, amma yana da bambance-bambance a armaments. Jirgin kayan aiki samar a Rasha.

Jirãge na aikin:

• "Admiral Grigorovich" (farkon shekara ta 2010, an anã fitinar ku.).
• Project 11356 jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Essen" (kafa a shekarar 2011, da ake gwada).
• "Admiral Makarov" (farkon shekarar 2012, ta kaddamar a 2015).
• "Admiral Butakov" (farkon 2013).
• "Admiral Istomin" (farkon 2013).
• "Admiral Kornilov" (farkon 2014).

Bayarwa na karshe uku jirgi ya shirya domin shekara ta 2016.

Jirãge ake gina hanzari. Navy yana bukatar irin wannan jiragen ruwa kamar yadda frigates na Project 11356. Airbase - wani forum a cikin abin da halaye na jiragen ruwa bincikar daki-daki. Akwai za masana da kuma damuwa.

A rabo daga karshe 3 tasoshin ne ba a sani ba saboda da rashin dizal janareto a kan jirgin da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai PR. 11356. Su da aka kerarre a Ukraine. Idan jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Butakov" Project 11356 ne a kusa da za a kaddamar, da sauran jiragen ruwa daskarewa. Ana sa ran zai maye gurbin su da Rasha takwarorinsu cewa zai jinkirta bayarwa ga 1-2 shekaru.

Kotun ga ayyukan 11356 da 22350, wanda aka sanya kafin Ukrainian gas injin turbin injuna, zã a sanye take da Rasha takwarorinsu. Su ne mafi m ga sigogi na Ukrainian ikon shuke-shuke sau da yawa.

A cikin farko uku frigates na Project 11356 da kuma Project 22350 biyu na farkon ne riga a yi amfani da GTD, sanya a Ukraine. A nan gaba, da kotun na biyu ayyukan za a sanye take da Rasha injuna.

Aiki a kan ci gaban injuna riga underway a kan data kasance GTD ayyukan. A farko Rasha injuna shirya za a sake a shekara ta 2018.

"Admiral Makarov"

Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Makarov" Project 11356, wanda aka umurce su da su Black Sea, aka kaddamar a farkon watan Satumba na wannan shekara. Shi ne na uku na shida jiragen ruwa a 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," da aikin ne a jerin teku gwaji. Ya ba tukuna tsĩrar. Tsayawarta gwaji gudanar da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Essen".

The jirgin yana da wani tasiri wajen makamai da kuma anti-sam samu nasarar yin tunãni iska buga.

makamai

Antiship hadaddun "zamo-HK2. Harbi tsarin A-190, wanda damar zuwa wuta, a cikin tẽku, da iska hari. Air Tsaro System" kwantar da hankula 1 "tare da wani madauwari scan radar.

Complex magance submarines kunshi torpedo-ma'auni 533 mm gyare-gyare DTA-53-11356-2 da kuma shigar da saka bom RBU-6000.

Kamar yadda makamai amfani Sonar radar "jirgin ruwa mai filafilai-M2EM" gane da waƙa da submarines.

Domin aiki tare da jirage masu saukar ungulu sanye take jirgin ruwa mai filafilai kushin da kuma rumfar ajiye jiragen sama don ya tashi da kuma saukowa. Wadannan makamai yi jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Makarov" Project 11356 karaya karfi.

Kwatanta na aikin 22350

Project 22350 aka aiwatar tare da kwatanta aikin 11356 frigates na Project 11356 da 22350. Kamar yadda "kwantar da hankula 1" iska tsaro tsarin, maimakon harbe-harben tsarin yana da 3S14U1 da kuma gidaje Sam "Poliment-Redoute." maimakon "zamo-NK" amfani "onis" ko gidaje "zamo-NCE" ga antiship tsaron gida. Wadannan makamai sa shi yiwuwa a yadda ya kamata amfani da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai Project 11356 da American jiragen ruwa.

Sawa kayan aiki frigates na Project 22350 - jefa gidaje "mole 2". Makamai na jirgin ya kuma canza. A wuri na 100-mm gun Dutsen zo A-190 A 130-mm-192, da harbe-harben a 22 km. A wannan yanayin frigates na Project 11356 da 22350 da yawa a cikin na kowa - biyu ayyukan suna sanye take da sosai zamani makamai.