Jaroslav Smelyakov (Janairu 8, 1913 - 27 ga watan Nuwamba, 1972). Rayuwa da Works of Soviet mawãƙi

Smelyakov Yaroslav Vasilevich aka haife kan Janairu 8, 1913 (Disamba 26, 1912 Tsohon Style) a birnin Lutsk, Volyn yankin, Ukraine.

Mahaifinsa aiki a kan jirgin weigher. Tsohuwarsa uwargida da kuma kula da yara (uku daga cikinsu sun kasance a cikin iyalin).

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Lokacin da Yaroslav A game da shekara, yakin duniya na farko. A wannan batun, da iyali da aka tilasta su motsa a tare da dangi a cikin kauyen. Suka zauna a can lokaci mai tsawo. Bayan wani lokaci, da iyali zauna a Voronezh, inda ya zauna a rayuwa har zuwa farkon na gaba shekaru goma.

Smelyakov Mahaifinmu ya rasu farkon, a lokacin da Yaroslav ne kawai shekara goma sha ɗaya da haihuwa.

A daidai wannan lokaci, da nan gaba mawãƙi ke da shekaru bakwai makaranta a Moscow, inda ya settles mazan da ɗan'uwana, kuma 'yar'uwarsu.

By farkon thirties Jaroslav kammala makaranta da kuma ta hanyar da aiki ofishin sami game da su PFZSH ( "Bugun Factory School") Lenin.

Shi ne ta ke taka leda a babbar rawar a siffata da nan gaba na iyawa. Smelyakov makari Tsayayyar rai bugu.

Kamar yadda wani compositor, da mawãƙi ne ƙwarai alfahari da cewa ya fi so ayyuka - aiki da kuma aikin - related.

A farkon wata m hanya

A littafin na farko ayyukan da aka gudanar ta wurin 'yan'uwanmu - Vsevolodu Iordanskomu. An ya m Smelyakov cewa ya ɗauki aikinsa a "Ci Gaban" mujallar.

Duk da haka, da faruwa a cikin gini na wallafa gidan, Jaroslav Smelyakov gauraye ofishin kofa da kuskure ba da waqe-waqe da mafi daraja da kuma tsanani "Oktoba", wanda a wancan lokaci ya shahara tsakanin matasa.

A 'ya'yan itatuwa na aikinsa na Shirin zanen kwamitin da aka amince da aka buga a mujallar.

A 1932-1933 Yaroslav Smelyakov saki ta farko collections, "Aiki da love" da "Poems"

Duk da haka, wasu lokaci daga baya, ya kuma da dama wasu kasida (Pavel Vasilyev, Boris Kornilov), zama wanda aka azabtar da ƙarya denunciation, wanda shine na hali na wannan lokacin, shi ne dalilin da ga nan da nan da kama ba tare da fitina. Shrug su kafadu zarginta da Jaroslav Smelyakov iya kawai a 1937. Sa'an nan, ya aka saki farkon.

Up har da yaki, da mawãƙi yi aiki a ofisoshin na daban-daban wallafa labaru aiki, rubuta satires da bayanin kula.

A wannan lokacin da ya rubuta da sake zagayowar "Crimean shayari", akai-akai da aka buga a shahararren wallafe: "Literaturnaya Gazeta", "Sun Guard", "Red Virgin Kasar gona", da dai sauransu

Great Patriotic War

Fashewa yaki Jaroslav Smelyakov hadu talakawa legkostrelkovoy biyu birged a Arewa da kuma kan Karelian Front.

A watan Nuwamba, 1941, ana kewaye, ya, kamar mutane da yawa daga cikin sojojin ya, samun in Finnish talala, inda cikin shekaru uku shi ne mayar-watse aiki a cikin tausayi master.

Abin lura shi ne cewa yayin da a wannan wuri, Smelyakov hikima ya boye m matsayi a lokacin riga wani shahararren Rasha mawãƙi ne.

Back gida da mawãƙi iya kawai a shekarar 1944, a lokacin da a sakamakon da tsaida wutar yaƙi tare da Finland da aka ciyar da musayar fursunoni.

Smelyakov awaited da rabo daga kusan duk liberated Soviet fursunoni - ya aka aika zuwa wani sansanin horo a cikin "tacewa".

Akwai da dama theories a game da inda aka Smelyakov a wannan lokaci. An sani cewa ya yi aiki a wani ci nawa kusa Moscow, amma akwai bayanai game da isowa a cikin masana'antu gari Stalinogorsk (yanzu - Novomoskovsk) Tula yankin.

A postwar shekaru

Bayan 'yan shekaru a kurkuku mawãƙi zo da ceto ya kyau aboki Konstantin Simonov, wanda a zahiri na jan wa daga abu wulakantacce.

A shekarar 1948 ya buga na farko post-yaki da tarin Smelyakov "Kremlin ci", wanda ya hada da kasidu na yaki da shekaru.

Amma da mawãƙi ba zauna dogon a kan sako-sako da. Tuni a shekarar 1951 ya rubuta wani denunciation na unknown gudanar a gidan Smelyakov tebur-talk.

A mawãƙi aka kafa stigma na 58th labarin na Criminal Code of Tarayyar Soviet, bisa ga abin da ya kamata a hukunta a cikin nau'i na shekara ashirin da biyar a cikin sansanonin.

Kamar wancan Smelyakov iya saduwa da Arctic. Camp rayuwa shi ne detrimental ga kiwon lafiya na mawãƙi ne.

A shekarar 1956 ya dauki wuri "Stalinization" a karkashin abin da yawa fursunoni afuwa. Don yanci ya aka saki da kuma Jaroslav Smelyakov. Saboda haka, har zuwa karshen rayuwa zai tuna da kwanakin "a cikin breech hula da kuma fis jacket a cikin zangon."

All m shekaru ransa ya kishin adabi aiki.

A wannan lokaci da mawãƙi aka bayar uku lambar yabo, kazalika da Jihar Prize da Tarayyar Soviet a 1967 da kuma 1968.

Smelyakov mutu Nuwamba 27, 1972. An binne shi a cikin Novodevichem hurumi a Moscow.

Personal rai

A farko labari da mawãƙi ta faru a shekaru 30. Yake da alaka da sunan da mawãƙi Margarity Aliger (ta hoto bayar a kasa, dauka a tsakiyar 70s), wanda tare da Smelyakov halarci wani wallafe-wallafen kulob din.

Ban sha'awa wuri a cikin wannan labari ne da zobe ba Smelyakov mawãƙi ne.

A cewar Aliger lokacin da mawãƙi ya faru wani abu bad, da zobe da aka rasa. Alal misali, abin da ya faru a lokacin da Smelyakov buga da Finnish fursuna.

Tare da Evdokia Vasilevna ya gana bayan da yaki. Ta zama na farko da mace tare da wanda ya yi aure Jaroslav Smelyakov. Mawãƙi Evdokia zauna tare har shekara biyu: Smelyakov saki matarsa don kare ta daga harin ramuwar gayya sha shi. Daga wannan aure wani ɗan mawãƙi.

Na biyu iyali, halitta Smelyakov, tabbatar da cewa mafi farin ciki. Wannan lokaci, zababbiyar ya mawãƙi fassara Tatiana Streshneva.

Mawãƙi Jaroslav Smelyakov, wanda biography da aka gabatar a wannan labarin, shi ne wata da gaske talented mawãƙi, "m master lists", da rabo daga abin da ya ragu sosai nauyi, kuma m aukuwa na tarihin mu.