Alexander Shulgin, sunadarai: biography

Alexander Shulgin - a sunadarai, mai rare American pharmacologist wanda ɓullo da yawa zamani psychoactive abubuwa.

biography sunadarai

A shekarar 1925, Alexander Shulgin aka haife shi a Berkeley. Sunadarai daga Allah, don haka shi aka kira da yawa abokan aiki da kuma idon sani.

Mahaifinsa ya yi wo} aura daga Rasha. An haife shi a Orenburg, ya koma kasashen waje jim kadan bayan da yakin basasa, a shekarar 1923. By sana'a shi ya kasance wani malami, kamar matarsa. Shulgin mahaifiyar aka haife shi a Illinois, da kuma mata, sunanta Henrietta Eyten.

Shulgin zama da aka sani bayan ƙarshen 70s fara rayayye taimako zuwa ga yaduwa na Semi-roba psychoactive abubuwa, da ake kira MDMA. A rayuwar yau da kullum, su ne mafi alhẽri a san yadda bugu zuwa ɗaguwar ruhaniya kwayoyi.

Ya yi aiki tare da matarsa. Alexander Shulgin - sunadarai, wanda littafin "Phenethylamines cewa na san kuma ƙaunar: Chemical Love Story" zama bestseller a cikin lokaci.

Masana kimiyya suna rairaya roba abubuwa. Amma, The Dow Chemical Company ya sanya wani aiki Alexander Shulgin. A sunadarai kuma yi aiki a kan magungunan kashe qwari. Its isa yabo hada da wani lamban kira ga na farko a duniya noma da magungunan kashe qwari biodegradable. Yana da wannan aikin a yarda Shulgin samun izinin karatu abu, a sakamakon abin da ya bayyana bugu zuwa ɗaguwar ruhaniya.

mahaifin bugu zuwa ɗaguwar ruhaniya

Daga aiki a wani sinadaran kamfanin a shekarar 1965, ya koma Alexander Shulgin. Sunadarai soma koyarwa a jami'o'i, kazalika da tafiyar da nasu bincike.

Da bincike a psychopharmacology Shulgin fara ne da wani riga sanannun hallucinogenic kwayoyi kamar LSD, mescaline da psilocybin. Ya sa'an nan ya mayar da hankali a kan zane ci gaban da kansa samar.

Tare da kamar shiryayye mutane, wanda ya hada da dama da dozin mutane, kullum ciyar gwajin sabon abubuwa Alexander Shulgin. Sunadarai, wanda biography ne a hankali nasaba da psychoactive kwayoyi, ko da ɓullo da kansa sikelin Shulgin. Tare da taimakon wani masanin kimiyya tare da abokan aikinsa ya ba kwatancin ta jiki, auditory da na gani effects. Kawai Shulgin a kan kaina da kaina samu akalla mutum ɗari psychoactive abubuwa.

Shiga a cikin gwaje-gwajen da ya dauki da matarsa - Anna Shulgin. Tare da suke ɓullo da wani daban-daban sinadaran bambancin bugu zuwa ɗaguwar ruhaniya, wanda ya jagoranci wani iri-iri mai dadi da kuma illar. Duk wadannan gwaje-gwajen da aka bayyana a cikin littafan su.

Kuma a yau, mutanen da suka kware a psychopharmacology, Shulgin kira "Dad."

Matar sunadarai

Big rawa a Shulgin ta aiki taka leda matarsa. Ta kasance 6 shekaru da junior.

Ann Shulgin aka haife a cikin karamin kauye na Opicina, tare da wani yawan kawai dubu takwas mutane. A kauyen da aka located in Italy, kusa da garin Trieste. Ga for 'yan shekaru kafin barkewar yakin duniya na biyu, ya yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Amirka mahaifinta.

Masu sana'a aiki ya fara a matsayin wani psychedelic ilimin. Duk da yake psychoactive abubuwa zauna a shari'a matsayi a kasuwa. Ann Shulgin ya mabiyin taimako ga Swiss likita hauka Carl Jung, musamman ka'idar psychoanalysis. Daga wannan bisa, shi ne ci gaba da jaddada m abu wanda za a iya amfani da magani na cututtuka daban-daban.

Shulgin da yau, bayan mutuwar mata, ta ci gaba da bayar da shawarwarin neman legalization psychedelic kwayoyi ga marasa lafiya ga warkewa dalilai. My ra'ayi da shi a kai a kai ya tabbatar da kuma kuɓutar da rahotanni zuwa iri-iri pharmacological congresses.

A Rasha Shulgins ayyukansu sun wary. Saboda haka, a 2004, da Drug Control Service ya gani ãyõyi inganta yin amfani da dakatar da abubuwa a cikin littafan su.

PiHKAL

Shi ne daga wannan rage tsawon sunan da aka sani ga mafi Shulgins littafin, saki a 1991. Ta da cikakken sunan "phenylethylamine, wanda na san kuma ƙaunar: A Tarihi da sinadaran na soyayya."

Alexander Shulgin - a sunadarai, mai hoto na wanda a da biyu da rabi na XX karni ya sau da yawa kasance a kan wasu inuwõyi na rare mujallu, rubuta wani real bestseller a lokacin.

A kashi na farko na wannan rigima samfurin kira "Love Story." Yana da cikakken kwatanci na gabatarwar, biography da kuma raya dangantakar da Alexander da kuma Ann Shulgin. Heroes janye karkashin recognizable pseudonym Alice da Shura.

A kashi na biyu na wannan autobiographical da kuma kimiyya aiki ne gaba ɗaya duqufar zuwa cikakken bayanin irin kira na kimanin ɗari biyu da psychedelics. Yafi tsunduma a su kira kanta Shulgin. Bugu da kari, wadannan dosages, wani sakamako da za su iya samar da wani abu.

A Rasha, da littafin da aka buga a 2003 karkashin lakabi "Phenethylamines cewa na san da kuma ƙauna." Duk da haka, shi nan da nan ya bace daga shelves da wuraren sayar da litattafai bayan da ban bayar da Tarayya Drug Control Service.

TiHKAL

A 1997, Shulgin ta fito da ta biyu pharmacological tarihin rayuwar. Vosmisotstranichny aikin kishin nazarin psychedelic tryptamines.

A gaskiya ma, wani ci gaba na farko littafin, wanda ya zo daga gare 6 shekaru kafin. Wani sabon edition na asali fassarar da ake kira "tryptamine cewa na san da soyayya: The dabi'a."

Kamar na farko edition, wannan littafin kunshi sassa biyu. A farko ya bayyana marubuta tarihin rayuwar. Na biyu cikakken kishin Cikakken kira hamsin psychedelic kwayoyi. Har ila yau, na samar da sashi da kuma sa ran effects.

Shulgin sikelin

Scale Shulgina details da sakamako da cewa samar da psychoactive abubuwa a kan jikin mutum. Musamman hankali ne ya biya abin da lokaci da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne riƙi, kuma a cikin abin da sashi.

Shulgin farko da aka buga da tsarin a shekarar 1986, daga baya ya bayyana shi a cikin ta farko da littafin PiHKAL.

Sikelin wajen zuwa kashi hudu sassa. Abu amfani, sashi, da kuma bayanin irin sakamakon da rating sikelin. Lokacin da gano miyagun ƙwayoyi Shulgin amfani da sunan nomenclature na sinadaran mahadi, don haka ba tare da akalla firamarensa sunadarai zuwa fahimta shi zai zama da wuya a gare shi.

Scrupulously wajabta yawa daga cikin abu kamar yadda kai tsaye dogara a kan sakamako samar. A sikelin wajabta bayyanuwar gani, auditory, shafi tunanin mutum da kuma wani tunanin effects.

Fim ne game da Shulgin

A mafi fahimtar wannan rukunan za a iya kallon fim "Dirty Pictures". Yana tsallake a 2010, mai ba da umarni Etienne Sourt. Wannan Short-rayu shirin biopic, wanda ya gaya daki-daki, game da aikin na gwarzo wannan labarin.

Alexander Shulgin - a sinadaran film wanda nan da nan ya zama Popular. Saboda haka, shi yana da matukar high rating ga wani shirin gaskiya fim 7.9 "kinopoisk" website.

The darektan a cikin fim da aka bayyana ayyukan da masu bincike da masana kimiyya, wanda shekaru da dama tsunduma a nazarin yadda psychedelic kwayoyi shafi tunani da mutum hali.

A cikin fim, aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki cikin sabubban da suka yarda dasu daga waɗanda ake sau da yawa da ake zargi da miyagun ƙwayoyi farfaganda. Mai cikakken wakilci rayuwa a matsayin sunadarai Shulgin. Ya kimiyya nasarori, matakai kan hanya zuwa ga ilimi da zurfin tunanin mutum.

Etienne Sourt da aka sani a Amurka kamar yadda marubucin sada Documentaries. A takaice, ya dauki hoto "Whitey: USA vs. James J. Bulger.". An sadaukar da rayuwa da mutuwa da wani gangster James Bulger.

A shekarar 2011, ya fito da wani hoto na shugaban kasar Amurka, Ronald Reagan.

Personal rai

Alexander Shulgin - sunadarai, yara wadanda rayuwarsu ba ta bayyana. A lokaci guda tare da matarsa, Anne, ya yi murna sosai, a cikin dogon lokacin da aure. Yanzu matarsa bazawara, amma har yanzu babban kasuwanci na rayuwar mijinta. A lokacin, ta kasance 86 years old. Ann Shulgin ya wuya ya bayyana a cikin jama'a.

Alexander Shulgin, sunadarai, ya rasu a watan Yuni 2014. A 'yan shekaru kafin da cewa, ya sha wahala mai tsanani bugun jini, bayan wanda bai kõma ba, to aiki aiki. A 2014 likita ya lura da mutuwa na hanta ciwon daji. Shulgin mutu a gidansa a Amurka Jihar California. Ya kasance shekaru 88 da haihuwa.