Janar Antonov Alexey Innokentievich: bidiyon, fassarar

A lokacin yakin basasa, sojojin Soviet sun nuna ƙarfin hali. Yadda sojojinmu suka yi yaƙi da 'yan fashi masu fasikanci suka shiga tarihin duniya a matsayin misali na jaruntaka, suna ganin cikakkiyar darajar rayuwarsu kawai a cikin yanayin da ke da amfani sosai a wani lokaci na haɗari ga asalinsu. Duk da haka, banda gagarumin jaruntakar sojojin, dukkanin yakin basasa ya nuna alama ta hanyar kyakkyawan shawarar da aka samu daga kwamandojin soji. Ga wa] annan wa] ansu masana-kwararru, hakika, Antonov Alexey Innokentevich, wa] anda aka bayyana su a cikin wannan labarin, sun kasance.

Sojojin soja

Janar Alexei Antonov na gaba ya haife shi ne a Belorussia a ranar 15 ga watan Satumba, 1896 a cikin rundunar sojan soja, wanda tabbas ya tabbatarda sakamakonsa. Mahaifinsa, Innokenty Alekseevich, wani jami'in ne, ya yi aiki a manyan bindigogi a matsayi na kyaftin din. Mat Tereza Ksaverevna jagoranci iyali da kuma tãyar da yara - 'yarsa Ludmila da kuma dan Alexei. Yana da aka asali Polish yarinya, mahaifinta aka fitar da su Siberia domin sa hannu a cikin gentry tawaye a Poland 1863-65, bi da bi. Mahaifin Alexei Innokentievich kuma wani jami'in Siberia ne, wanda ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sojan Alexandrov. Mahaifinsa yana so ya yi karatu a Jami'ar General Staff, amma an ƙi shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa matar Teresa ta kasance Katolika. Bai so ya tilasta matarsa ta canza addininta ga Orthodox, saboda haka sai ta tafi tare da iyalinta zuwa Birnin Belarus na Grodno don yin aiki a cikin brigade bindigogi. Gaban gaba Janar Antonov, godiya ga asalin mahaifiyarsa, yayi magana mai kyau ba kawai a cikin Rasha ba, har ma a cikin harshen Poland.

Shekaru na farko na binciken

Lokacin da yaron ya kasance shekaru takwas, iyalin ya koma Ukraine, inda mahaifinsa ya karbi wani wuri zuwa gidan kwamandan baturi. A nan ya fara karatu a gymnasium. Antonov Alexei Innokentievich, wanda tarihin tsohon soja da kakansa ya tabbatar da tarihinsa, ya fara nuna cewa babu wani aikin soja. Ya kasance mai matukar jin zafi, mai jin kunya da jin tsoro. Da yake ganin wannan, Antonov dattawan ya sulhunta da tunanin cewa dansa ba zai bi tafarkinsa ba. Ya fara da yawa kuma yana aiki tare da dansa, ci gaban jiki da na ilimi. Antonov, Jr. ya kasance mai tausayi, ya koyi yin wasa da kaya, ya hau, daga baya ubansa ya ba shi sha'awa cikin daukar hoto. Bugu da ƙari, a lokacin da yaron ya tsufa, sai ya fara ɗaukar shi a lokacin rani a sansani.

Alexei ya sha biyu sa'ad da mahaifinsa ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani. Iyali sun zauna a fursunonin soja, uwar tana aiki tare da darussan. Lokacin da yakin duniya na farko, Anton ta iyali koma St. Petersburg. Shekara guda kuma mahaifiyata ta mutu. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 19, Janar Antonov na gaba zai kammala gymnasium na St. Petersburg kuma ya wuce gwajin zuwa jami'a. Ya zabi ya fadi akan ilimin lissafi da ilimin lissafi. Duk da haka, ba zai iya karatu a can ba. Rashin hanyoyi na rayuwa ya sa matasa ya shiga aiki.

Farko na filin soja

Dangane da haɗin Rasha a Duniya na farko Antonov a cikin shekaru 20 ana kiran su zuwa sabis. A watan Disamba na shekarar 1916, an horar da shi a waje a Makarantar Pavlov. A cikin sojojin ya aiko shi a cikin matsayi na alama. Da sauri, a zahiri a farkon shekara ta gaba, Antonov gaba mai zuwa, wanda labarinsa ya riga ya shiga ragamar sojojin, ya karbi baftisma na wuta, ya ji rauni a kai kuma ya aika zuwa asibitin. A lokaci guda ya samu ya lambar yabo ta farko - cikin Order of St. Anne.

Bayan an yi masa rauni, an tura shi zuwa tsarin da aka ajiye. A watan Agustan 1917, ya shiga cikin maye gurbin juyin juya hali na Kornilov. Shi ne ke da alhakin samuwar raka'a tsararru kuma ya ba su makamai. A watan Mayu 1918, aikin soja ya zama kamar: ya koma ritaya kuma ya shiga horo a Petrograd Forest Institute. Amma farar hula ba ta dadewa ba - da yakin yakin basasa, ya shiga cikin Red Army.

Shiga cikin yakin basasa

Janar Janar Antonov a watan Afrilu 1919 ya shiga cikin Southern Front kuma an aika shi don cika ayyukan mataimakin shugaban ma'aikata zuwa Lugansk. Bugu da ƙari, ya horar da 'yan wasa masu zuwa. Dangane da fadace-fadace da kuma asarar Lugansk, wanda ke dauke da ɓangare na Denikin, Antonov ya fara maye gurbin post na shugaban ma'aikata na dan lokaci. A rabi na biyu na 1920, sakamakon yakin basasa da ƙungiyoyi na Wrangel, ƙungiyar Antonov ta sake kame yankunan Ukraine a arewacin Crimea.

A lokacin yakin da Sevastopol ya yi, anan gaba Antonov Alexey Innokentyevich ya gana da kwamandan na gaba, Mikhail Frunze. Bayan 'yan shekaru baya, bayan sakamakon tashin hankali, ya sami lambar yabo: Certificate of Honor and the Weapon Weapon of the Revolutionary Military Council.

Bayan Ƙungiyoyin

Bayan da aikin soja ya kare, sannan kuma Bolshevik suka sami nasara, Antonov na gaba da kuma ƙungiyarsa sun koma matsayi na aiki kuma suka fara aiki a kudancin Ukraine. Ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatunsa na soja, ya fara shirye-shiryen shiga Jami'ar. Ko da yake ya kasance a wancan lokacin tare da 'yan kalilan wadanda, bayan sun kai matsayi na kwamandan, sun kasance ba tare da isasshen ilimi ba, yawancin abokan aikinsa sunyi la'akari da kwarewa. A halin yanzu, ya fara horo a Frunze Academy kawai shekaru shida bayan haka, a 1928, bayan ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis da kuma auren farko.

Ya yi karatu a cikin kwamandan umarni, ya koyi Faransanci kuma ya zama mai fassara na soja. Bisa ga shaidar ɗayan abokansa, ya nuna matuƙar himma cikin karatunsa, ya maida hankali ga aikin ma'aikata kuma ya ci gaba da horo a cikin sojojin. Bayan kammala karatunsa a 1931, ya koma Ukraine kuma ya hau hedkwatar Korosteni. Bayan shekara guda, Cibiyar ta buɗe wani sabon aiki - aiki na gaba, wanda gaba daya Janar Antonov Alexei Innokentyevich ya kammala da daraja.

Ayyukan ma'aikata

A shekara ta 1935 ya karbi mukamin wani babban kwamandan ma'aikata na Kharkov Military District. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da, musamman, horar da horarwa, tsara manyan samfurin soja. Rundunonin sun hada da jiragen ruwa da jiragen sama. A shekarar 1935, Ukraine ta gudanar da ayyukan da suka fi dacewa, wanda ya ƙunshi fiye da mutum dubu sittin da fiye da dubu uku. A nan ne aka samu sababbin nasarorin da aka samu a aikin aiki, wanda Antonov ya ba da kyautar lambar yabo na Kwamitin Tsaro na Jama'a.

A 1936, an gayyaci Antonov a matsayin mai sauraro ga sabon Kwalejin Babban Jami'in Red Army. Duk da haka, ya yi karatu a can ne kawai a shekara, bayan haka aka aika shi zuwa ga Moscow Military District, inda ya jagoranci hedkwatar. A 1938 sai ya sauya ayyukan koyarwa da bincike a Frunze Academy. Musamman ma, ya yi nazari akan hanyoyin dabarar dakarun Jamus da kuma fadada amfani da dakunan raka'a. Wannan shi ne batun aikin kimiyyarsa, ya yi jawabi ga shugabancin soja tare da rahotannin. A cikin Fabrairun 1940, ya sami lakabin "Farfesa Farfesa", kuma daga bisani aka ba shi kyautar soja "Major-General".

Harshen Jamus

Bayan 'yan watanni kafin yakin, mai gaba na rundunar Antonov - tarihin da kuma burinsa ya kawo shi cikin mafi munin - ya jagoranci hedkwatar gundumar Kiev. Yawancin lokaci, yana shirya ma'aikata don yajin aiki, amma an raba raka'a a bisa ka'idojin lokaci-kashi 65%. Da yakin ya fara, ya zama shugaban ma'aikatan Kiev Special Military District. Don lokaci mai sauri - kwana hudu - ya gudanar da aiwatar da kira a cikin yankuna goma na kashi 90%, fasahar - ta fiye da 80%. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin nauyin alhakinsa shi ne fitar da fararen hula. Tuni a watan Agustar da ta gabata rundunar soja ta gaba Antonov Alexei Innokentevich ta shiga cikin ginin hedkwatar Southern Front, wanda shi kansa ya jagoranci.

A Gabas ta Yammacin Yammaci, yanayin da ya faru da wuya ya ci gaba na dogon lokaci. Ƙwarewa, wanda da sauri ya tara a farkon watanni na yaƙin, ya ƙaddara da kuma sarrafa shi Antonov. Ya haɗu bisa shawarwarin akan yadda ake fama da rikici, rikici, hankali, da dai sauransu, ya aika zuwa hedkwatar soja. Ya yi aiki a shirye-shirye don shirya rikici a cikin Rostov a watan Nuwamba, wanda ya karbi Dokar Red Banner da kuma karuwa a matsayi - "Lieutenant General".

A watan Nuwamba 1943 aka ba shi lambar "Janar Janar". Daga baya, ya halarci da ci gaba da yakin Kursk, inda ya yi aiki a hankali tare da Georgiem Zhukovym da Aleksandrom Vasilevskim. A lokacin aikin, an yi masa rauni sau biyu. A cikin wannan abun da ke ciki, an fara yakin basasa na uku - tsaftacewa na masu fascikar Ukraine, Crimea, janye sojojin dakarun da ke kan iyakokin kasar, da kuma 'yanci a arewacin shugabanci da kuma tadawa daga Leningrad. Yakin da aka yi na yakin basasa na shekaru 44 kuma an bunkasa shi ne ta hanyar Antonov, babban mayaƙan sojojin Amurka, wanda ya ruwaito Stalin a watan Afrilu.

Shiga cikin taron Yalta

Na biyu gaba, duk da duk alkawurran, an bude shi ne kawai a Yuni 1944. A wannan batun, akwai wani layi a cikin aikin - haɓaka ayyukan Abokan. Wannan ya zama nauyin Antonov, wanda ya hadu da wakilan Amurka da Birtaniya a kai a kai. A cikin Fabrairun 1945, Antonov, babban janar na sojojin, ya halarci taro mai girma na shugabannin kungiyar Hitler a Yalta - ya karanta cikakken rahoto game da harkokin al'amura a fagen fama. Bayan haka, an nada shi shugaban ma'aikata. Kamar yadda masana tarihi suka lura, ya kasance fiye da sau 280 a cikin majalisa na Kremlin na Stalin fiye da kowa daga jagorancin soja.

Antonov Aleksey Innokentevich, wanda exploits kasance fiye da bayyane, da kaina ɓullo da wani shirin kama Berlin, ya aka daga baya ya sa a lura da mafi soja lambar yabo - da Order na "Nasara". Ya kamata a lura cewa shi ne kawai mai karɓa na 14, wanda ya karbi umarni ba a cikin tasirin marshall ba.

A karshen yakin

Bayan karshen yakin, Janar Alexei Antonov ya fara tattaunawa da dimokuradiya da rabu da sojojin. Sa'an nan kuma a 1946 an zabe shi zuwa Soviet Soviet na Soviet Union. Daga 1948 zuwa 54 ya yi aiki a Transcaucasia, sa'an nan kuma ya koma Moscow, inda ya fara aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban babban kwamandan Janar, kuma ya shiga kwamiti na Ma'aikatar Tsaro. A shekara ta 1955, ya jagoranci Kungiyar Warsaw Pact. Ya mutu a Moscow a shekara 66. Tokar Janar imbedded a cikin Kremlin bango.