Jamus Truck "Opel Blitz": tarihi da kuma halaye

"Opel Blitz" - yana da tabbas daya daga cikin rare manyan motoci a yakin duniya na biyu. The inji aka sani, saboda yana da taro. Mun san da mota da kuma a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Akwai kuma wata hudu-dabaran drive version. Amma game da shi san kasa, ko da yake yana daya daga cikin mafi m manyan motoci na lokaci.

The sosai farko manyan motoci "Opel Blitz", samu a cikin nau'i daga kofuna da dama, ba shakka, taso gaske amfani da duk. Motar da aka ba kawai ban sha'awa, domin, har karshen 1941 duk da kofuna samu da Soviet sojojin, duba sosai rare - kagaggun sojoji a lokacin ritaya ba su motocin da kuma sauran kayan aiki adawar. Production na Jamus mota masana'antu iya mamaki - inji sun fi m. Vehicles kamar hudu-dabaran drive "Blitz" a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma ya ba da kõme.

walƙiya

Tarihi na Jamus Truck "Opel Blitz" da kuma wani ɓangare na daya daga cikin manyan mahalarta a cikin yaki fara fiye da lumana. Motar fara gina a cikin 30th shekara. Kamfanin "Opel", wanda a bara ya zama dũkiyar "General Motors", ta kaddamar da jerin model na manyan motoci tare da wani dangi na daya ton. The "Opel", samar da wannan na'ura, kula ba to Reichswehr - sa'an nan Jamus sojojin ba su sãɓã ba ko dai ta hanyar karfi ko kayan tallafi. Jamus da matsananciyar bukata araha, a lokaci guda abin dogara da kuma m da manyan motoci.

Commercial motocin da kuma yanzu da wuya kira ta dace sunayen. A waɗannan shekaru, wannan m aikata shi ne sabon. Musamman cewa "Walƙiya" (cewa an fassara a matsayin "Blitz"), zai dace a manyan wasanni mota ko wani jirgin saman soja jet. Amma da mota "Opel Blitz (Walƙiya)" ya quite m. Amma a shekarar 1935 da halin da ake ciki ya canza kamar sau sun canza, kuma ga German automaker. Sai ya zama a wannan shekara a Brandenburg gama gina zamani factory, inda aka shirya ya nuna ne kawai manyan motoci. Yanzu da Reich wadannan inji bukatar kamar yadda zai yiwu. Ina jaddada truck don har zuwa 3 tons. Ya zo a cikin duniya a cikin 37th.

Features kuma Bayani dalla-dalla

The mota a lokacin da aka matsayi cikakke. A gida, tsara don mutane uku, duba quite kyau. A matsayin shida-Silinda engine, da Jamus amfani da wani 3.6 lita naúrar, wanda ya ba da 75 HP Daidai wannan naúrar lokacin da shigar a kan wani fasinja flagship model na Jamus iri.

The biyu da aka kara wa engine da wani biyar-gudun manual watsa guda-farantin bushe kama. The inji sanye take da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa buga absorbers. A matakin karauka "Opel Blitz" da irin wannan iko part za a iya kara zuwa 90 km / h, cewa ya sosai high gudun a lokacin. Fuel amfani jeri daga 25 zuwa 36 lita 100 km.

Wadannan model to, ya zama Popular a Wehrmacht. Duk da haka, tare da monoprivodnom mota shi ne ƙwarai, dole kuma duk-dabaran drive truck. Soja incursions da kamfen da aka gudanar a sassa da dama na duniya - su ne duk daban-daban. Babu shakka, akwai inda sojojin tafi zuwa ga Reich, da hanya da aka ba a gani. Ainihin version na raya-dabaran load-dauke damar 3.3 ton ya cika iyakar taro 5800 kg. Fito da ta 37 zuwa shekaru 44. The inji yana da wani wheelbase na 3.600 mm da kuma tsare nauyi na truck ne 2500 kg. Vehicle sanye take da guda man fetur tank na 82 lita. A truck kuma yana da kowane damar ja wani trailer yin la'akari biyu tons.

40, a tare da monoprivodnom version fara samar da kuma duk-dabaran drive model. A nan, biyu-gudun canja wurin akwatin shigar a Bugu da kari wani biyar-gudun watsa.

engine

Da ikon naúrar ya fita 75 horsepower a juz'i na 3.6 lita. Wannan engine riga an shigar da a kan mota "Admiral", kuma shi ne na kowa yi ga kamfanin. Matsakaicin karfin juyi na engine aka nuna a 3120 Rev / min. Engine yi ya zo daidai da Soviet ZIS-5, amma Jamus da aka riga karami girma aluminum crankcase, Silinda shugaban sanya na Cast baƙin ƙarfe.

wannan engine matsawa rabo ya kuma fairly "fasinja". Domin ingantaccen aiki na mota kamata cinye kawai ingancin man fetur. Wannan gaba daya gusar da yiwuwar yin amfani da man fetur kama a gẽfen gabas.

A saboda wannan dalili, a Janairu 1942, "Opel" sai suka fara samar engine gyara tare da ƙananan matsawa rabo. Wadannan canje-canje sun kawo wani raguwa a ikon zuwa 68 horsepower. Iyakar gudu rage zuwa 80 km / h. The inji yana da kyau ajiye na truck aka sanye take da wani man fetur tank na 92 lita.

Tare da zamani, kuma Ya ƙãra man fetur amfani: da mota ya fara cinye har zuwa 30 lita na high quality-gwadabe da kuma game da 40 lita a kashe-hanya yanayi.

Hudu-dabaran drive

Masana-masana tarihi na Jamus mota masana'antu a lokacin yaki, jãyayya da cewa "Opel Blitz" Wehrmacht-dabaran drive (tsara a cikin 38th shekara) ba a halitta da bukatun da sojojin. Na yi imani da shi shi ne wuya. Vehicle fiye da zama dole kuma Wehrmacht da kuma SS. A Reich da babban tsare-tsaren. Kuma wanda, idan ba kamfanin, "Opel", to zana da kuma gina irin wannan na'ura. Base idan aka kwatanta da monoprivodnom model ya fi gajere kadan. Standard truck yana da wani tushe na 3600 mm. A taksi da mota saita mayar. Clearance bar wannan a matsayin shi ne. Daidai ne a 225 millimeters. Domin truck-ƙasa da shi ne ba yawa. The raya ƙafafun suna shigar. Saboda da kyau gogayya truck iya hawa zuwa 40 digiri.

A riwayar tsarin, kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, mun kara canja akwatin. Its ne rabo 1: 1,93. A lokaci guda gudanar da wani ya sauya sheka daga babba jere na ƙananan giya zai iya zama a kan tafi - ku kawai bukatar amfani da biyu kama squeezing. Ga waɗanda shekara, wannan tsari ya kasance wata rarity.

Hudu-dabaran drive - ne da ya karu kayan da aka samar da karin damar a kan hanyoyi. Amma wadannan abũbuwan amfãni an cimma babba hadayu. Saboda haka, ta ƙara kayan da aka samar, kuma tare da shi ya karu da man fetur amfani. A fasfo data Truck "Opel Blitz" Na yi wa cinye har zuwa 40 lita. man fetur a wani yunkuri inda babu hanyoyi. Amma dole ne a ce cewa, inda Jamus sojoji suka tafi a kan wadannan inji, man amfani da aka ba muhimmanci. Iyakar gudu daga cikin mota a kan hanya ne 85 km / h.

Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa, wannan model truck copes da kyau tare da ayyuka. Kuma haka ne, a 1940, da mota gudu a cikin jerin. A farko gwaje-gwaje a kan rabo daga haske kasuwanci abin hawa ya faru a cikin 41 ga watan shekara. The inji aka gwada a Afirka - manyan motoci saya don sabis a Rommel ta kungiyar soja.

Zaman kansu da kuma wahalhalu

Dabaran drive version of "Opel Blitz" (duba hoto a wannan labarin), za mu samu da yawa fiye da shirya blitzkrieg. War for Jamus, da kuma ga dukan duniya juya a cikin wata babbar jini bala'i. Ta ji ba kawai mutane, amma kuma fasaha, kuma ciki har da motoci. Kuma sai Jamus motoci sun cikakke, amma sun kasance a cikin kaka na 1941 da aka zahiri nutsa cikin Rasha laka. Winter frosts Rasha injuna gwada don haka da cewa duk daina fara. A irin wannan yanayi, duka-dabaran fitar da Jamusanci Truck "Opel Blitz" Ya hankali zama gaira.

gyare-gyare

"Blitz" da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a kusan duk tsarin na Jamus sojojin. Suka kawo lodi, towing aiwatarwa, hawa dakaru.

Babbar shasi shigar da dama model na katako da karfe jikuna tare da katakan sãɓãwar launukansa tuddai, staffed alfarwansu, bencina da kuma sauran na'urori. A kan tushen da daban-daban gyare-gyare halitta dandamali. Model "Opel Blitz" juya a kira su sosai m.

Babbar su safarar rauni

A Jamus kamfanin "Mize" sanya a kan wata babbar mota taso keya wani tsafta jiki a cikin abin da su safarar da rauni da kuma sanya su a cikin aiki filin da dakin gwaje-gwaje. Kamfanin kuma samar da duniya, da kuma motocin kashe gobara. A tushe model amfani da mota famfo, gina a kan na baya-drive dandali. Bisa ga dukkan-dabaran drive wuta tank an halitta.

bas W39

Wannan shi ne mai yiwuwa mafi yawan sanannun gyara. Ta za ka iya gani a cikin hoto a kasa. Tsara bas ga sojojin, kuma ya zo da dukkan-karfe jiki. Ciki shi iya shige 30-32 mutum. Samar da wadannan inji 39 ga '44. A tsarin da aka yi nufi ga kai jami'an for tsafta dalilai.

Wadannan bas zauna a hedkwatar, bugu. A truck iya isa gudun guda a matsayin tushe model. Fuel amfani ne akalla talatin lita da ɗari kilomita.

Gyara na "alfadari"

Tare da 42 '44 saki game da dubu huɗu rabin hanya truck-tractors a kan tushen da "Opel" polnopriovdnogo shasi. Daya daga cikin model za ka iya gani a cikin hoto a kasa. A wani canji na yin amfani da hur injuna. A lasisi aka saya kafin yaki. Babbar sanye take da goyon bayan Disc rollers da waƙoƙi tsarin musanya gudun juyawa.

Yana daya daga cikin mafi nasara motocin. Wannan tsari ya iya faru tsakanin wannan "Ford" kayayyakin da "Klöckner-Deutz". Vehicle nauyi ya kusan dubu shida kilo, da kuma 100 kilomita shi ya wajaba 50 lita na man fetur. The gudun a wanda ya ya iya hanzarta da truck, to babu fiye da 38 kilomita awa (saboda high unladen nauyi).

Yau za ka iya saya "Opel Blitz (alfadari)" 1:35. Wannan rage m model. Yana zai zama abin sha'awa ga wadanda suke da sha'awar a soja da kuma na mota tarihi. A kan tushen da shasi halitta da sauran gyare-gyare, duk da haka - wadannan ne babban wadanda, kuma mafi shahara.

"Blitz" bayan da yaki

A lokacin rani na 1944, bayan da zafin kai harin, biyu main ma'aikata "Opel" rushe. A samar da wadannan manyan motoci da aka dakatar da a "Daimler-Benz". Bayan yaki dukan kayan aiki da aka dauka don Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma "Opel" tare da Amirkawa domin sake gina samar da ci gaba, don samar da wadannan manyan motoci.

Bayan 'yan shekaru da shi za a saki "Opel Bedford Blitz", wanda zai zama daban-daban da kyau fasaha halaye da kuma kayan aiki. Amma shi ke wani labari.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka muka fitar da siffa tarihin Truck "Opel Blitz". Jamus "Walƙiya" - shi ne wani analogue na Gorky ta "lori". Amma mu Soviet kayan aiki yafi Hardy. Babbar "Opel" ki fara tashi a cikin tsanani frosts da kuma sauki zauna "a ciki" saboda 22-santimita yarda. Don kwanan wata, wadannan inji za a iya gani kawai kamar wani gidan kayan gargajiya nuna ko rage alamu a zaman collections.