Haim Veytsman - shugaban farko na Isra'ila

A farko shugaban Isra'ila, Haim Veytsman shi ne wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga halittar hearth daga mutãnensa, a Palestine. Ya aka ƙaddara rayuwa biyu yaƙe-yaƙe, rasa dansa, amma ya zama wadanda za su shũgabantar mutãnensa a cikin sabon Isra'ila.

ƙaramin shekaru

Haim Veytsman aka haife 27.11.1874 a kauyen bloodworms kusa Pinsk (yau Belarus). Mahaifinsa aiki a matsayin magatakarda a cikin ofishin, wanda aka tsunduma a katako rafting. The iyali da 'ya'ya mata shida da kuma' ya'yanta maza biyu.

Yara tashe a wani yanayi na Yahudawa hadisai, amma tare da ilimi gyara. Da farko, Chaim da suka fito a cheder, sa'an nan ya ci gaba da karatu a Real School, daga wanda ya kammala a 1892.

The m samuwar saurayin samu a Jamus da kuma Switzerland. A samu na Doctor malami shi ya zama na farko a Jami'ar Geneva ya kuma daga baya Manchester.

A farkon ya harkar siyasa

A lokacin da ya yi karatu, Haim Veytsman shiga haramtacciyar da'irar. Its wakilan da aka yi wahayi zuwa da ra'ayoyi na Herzl. Weizmann zama mai husũma tare da ra'ayin gina jami'a ga Yahudawa, wanda ya zama na ruhaniya cibiyar na yahudawan sahyoniya.

A lokaci guda Haim Veytsman an abokin gaba da ake kira Uganda ta shirya, bisa ga abin samarwa ya haifar da wani wucin gadi Yahudawa kasa cibiyar tafi daga tarihi asashe.

Bayan da mazauna a Manchester ya kafa pro-Birtaniya views. A nan sai ya auri Vera Hatsman, wanda ya a jami'a dalibi. By 1910, wani malamin samun Burtaniya dan kasa da kuma gana da Ubangiji Balfour. Haim tabbatar da kusa aboki (nan gaba Birtaniya ministan harkokin waje), cewa ya haifar da wani Yahudawa kasa gida dole ne daidai a kan ƙasar Isra'ila.

A lokacin farko Duniya

Tun da farkon yakin haramtacciyar da'irar dauki wani tsaka tsaki matsayi. Ko da yake wasu daga membobinta, misali, Vladimir Jabotinsky, ya yanke shawarar a kan samuwar Yahudawa Tuli matsayin wani ɓangare na sojan Birtaniya. Ya aka kamata, 'yanto Palasdinu daga Turkish hukumomi.

Plans Jabotinsky goyon Haim Veytsman. Shi ya shirya wani taro tare da Ubangiji Kitchener, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan yaki Birtaniya.

A lokacin yakin, Weizmann ya iya samar da muhimman ayyuka ga sojan Birtaniya. The sojojin da ake bukata a acetone, wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da smokeless gunpowder. Kafin wannan, acetone shigo daga Amurka, amma cewa duk canza tare da kasancewar Jamus submarines a cikin tekun Atlantic a 1915. A sunadarai ya iya ci gaba da samar da acetone a tsibirin. Don ƙirƙirar farko amfani da sitaci hatsi, amma cewa ya zuwa tasiri cikin samar da kasuwannin gida amfanin gona. Yana da aka haka ya yanke shawarar yin amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa na doki chestnut, wanda ya ba da sinadirai masu darajar. A taro ya samu halartar chestnut ko makaranta.

Ta hanyar wannan Weizmann samu muhimmanci lambobi tsakanin kasar Birtaniya ta yanke hukuncin da'irori. Ya ya iya tabbatar da cewa UK hukumomi sun nuna sha'awa a Zionism. A sakamakon da Balfour Declaration aka sanya hannu a 1917. The daftarin aiki shi ne farkon sabuntawa na Yahudawa cibiyar a Palestine.

Tare da fitowan na Balfour Declaration zama musamman rare siyasa a Zionist da'irori. A shekarar 1918, ya zama shugaban haramtacciyar Hukumar, wanda aka aiko zuwa Palestine daga gwamnatin Birtaniya. Hukumar kamata tantance al'amurra na wani yiwu ga matabbata kuma kara ci gaba da Yahudawa. Bi rai na Weizmann aka hankali saƙa da halittar hearth daga mutãnensa, a Palestine.

A lokacin duniya na biyu

Kafin farkon yakin duniya na II Haim Veytsman, wanda biography yana da nasaba da halittar Isra'ila, shi ya fara rasa shahararsa a Zionist da'irori. Dalilin wannan shi ne halittar Birtaniya White Paper, wanda shi ne saba wa ka'idojin da Balfour Declaration.

A farkon zamanin na yaki masanin-siyasa ya aika wani jami'in bayani ga gwamnatin Birtaniya. Yana ce cewa Yahudawa ne a gefen Birtaniya da kuma so don yin yaki domin mulkin demokra] iyya.

A lokacin yakin Weizmann aiki a kan samar da high-Octane man fetur, roba roba. Ya gudummawar da cewa Yahudawa bauta a Birtaniya sojojin. A lokacin yakin, akwai game da ashirin da bakwai dubu agaji, ciki har da dan Weizmann, wanda ya mutu a 1942.

halittar Isra'ila

Duk da cewa da post-yaki Zionist Organization ba sake zabe da shugabancin Weizmann na Duniya Zionist Organization, bai bar yunkurin haifar da Yahudawa jihar.

Mun gode wa kokarin da, a cikin shekarar 1947 Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya yanke shawarar a kan bangare na Palestine. A 'yan kwanaki bayan da aka kafa jihar Isra'ila a nan gaba shugaban ya iya samu daga US kai (Truman) amsa don baiwa rance a kan m sharuddan da Yahudawa jihar girman da ɗaya da ɗari dala miliyan.

Policy an zabe shugaban na wucin Council of sabon jihar a 1948, kuma a shekarar 1949 - da farko shugaban kasar. By lokacin ya kasance saba'in da hudu da haihuwa. Saboda shekaru da rashin lafiya, ya kasance da wuya a tafiyar da harkokin jama'a. Sai ya zama da wurin zama na sirri gida a Rehovot. Sake zabe a karo na biyu Weizmann ya a 1951.

Shugaban Isra'ila mutu a sakamakon 11.09.1952 dogon rashin lafiya.

ban sha'awa facts

Testamentary Weizmann binne shi a lambun gidansa, wanda aka located a cikin ƙasa na Research Institute a Rehovot. Tun da 1949, Cibiyar ta fara gudanar da sunansa.

Shugaban farko a shekarar 1949 da aka buga nasa tarihin rayuwar. Sai aka buga a cikin harshen Turanci karkashin lakabi "A search na hanya."

Haim Veytsman (quotes gani wannan) kasance wani na fasaha da kuma tsantseni siyasa. Ya ya iya sadarwa da ra'ayoyin sa ga ya interlocutor. A mafi daukan hankali bayani: "Urushalima muna da lokacin da muka aka har yanzu swamps a wuri na London," "Watakila, ba mu da 'ya'yan' yan kasuwa, amma mun - da jikoki daga cikin annabawa."

Dan Weizmann wa (Ezer) ya zama na bakwai shugaban Isra'ila. Ya mulki kasar a 1993-2000 shekara.