Italian Mosaic - Florentine "zanen a dutse"

Mosaic - art Popular furniture da kuma gine-gine da abubuwa ciki da waje ginin ta hanyar raba abubuwa na daban-daban yanayi, size da kuma siffar, da aka sani ga mai dogon lokaci. Akwai da dama iri, kullum ake magana a kai a matsayin lokaci da kuma wuri na asali. Known Roman, Byzantine, Old Faransa mosaic. Florence ne ba kawai da takamaiman wuri na asali na wannan art, amma kuma fasaha fasali.

labarin

A farko mosaic alamu amfani halitta duwatsu nema a mayar da biyar karni BC. Ado dutse quality, ta karko, da ikon ya kula da asali bayyanar na dogon lokaci da aka yaushe janyo hankalin mutane. Mafi ado halaye na wannan abu ya bayyana a mosaic. Florentine "zanen a dutse" - daya daga cikin mafi girma da matakai na wannan art. Wannan hanya na ado fito, mafi m, a yankin gabas ta tsakiya a nuna na mu zamanin, amma sunan da ya samu a madadin daga cikin shahararrun Tuscan gari.

A ƙarshen XVI karni a Florence, kafa da dama dutse-yankan Studios, wanda ya yi aiki Masters gayyace daga Milan. Wadannan nazarinsa da aka halitta a karkashin laimar sanannen Medici iyali kabila, wanda ya yi mulki sa'an nan a Florence. Wakilai na arziki iyalansu sun dogon tattara mafi kyau misalai na zamanin d art da kuma fasahar da surface na rufi na Semi-duwatsu masu daraja dutse bakin ciki faranti ya tashi sun fi mayar daga bukatar maido da maimaitawa na fice misalai na amfani art na zamanin d Girka da Roma.

Commesso

Ma'adanin na samar da zane-zane, da na dutse, ya haifar a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da Renaissance, a Italian kira commesso - "Abubakar". Ta unshi musamman madaidaici gyara na sassa, wanda da mosaic aka yi. Florentine hoto harhada daga bakin ciki dutse faranti haka da cewa abubuwa ba za a iya gani tsakanin kabu. A wannan yanayin, da dutse farantin an zabi a kan tushen ba kawai na da hakkin launi, amma kuma shan la'akari da na halitta irin zane. Alal misali, ga leaf itace abu ne zaba canzawa ba kawai koren launi, amma kuma dauke da wani m juna na lafiya zane, takardar lankwasawa, da dai sauransu, wajibi ne ga Jawo image to daidaita shugabanci "lint", da dai sauransu

A wannan yanayi, pietra Dura (a zahiri "tukuru dutse") - wani sunan wannan art, kamar intarsia - inlay na daban-daban dazuzzuka. A sa na hotunan na katako, veneer - shi ne ma mai mosaic. Florentine inlay na Semi-duwatsu masu daraja ya kasance yafi cin lokaci kuma kusan Unlimited karko a kan lokaci don samun sakamakon.

Tsari Technology kamar yadda Art

Daga cikin mutane da yawa yawon bude ido da suka zo Florence, wata babbar m balaguro din sun hada da ziyarar da ya shahara nazarinsa inda samar da Florentine mosaic. 200 € da kungiyar, za ka iya kaina dũba yadda haife da gaskiya Masterpieces na ado art.

Lokacin da wannan aikin da aka yi da taimakon kwarai kida da na'urorin amfani da Masters na XVI karni, da kuma lokacin da akwai wannan mosaic. Photo Masters mosaicists a wurin aiki shafukan ƙawata yawa tafiya da kamfanoni da tafiya rahotanni na yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Bayan haka, za ka iya sha'awan da zane-zane da na dutse, da sanya ta Masters na baya, wanda ado da yawa majami'u da kuma manyan gidãje daga Florence, kamar sanannen Medici chapels.

Paint dutse zanen

A palette, wanda aka yi amfani da artists don ƙirƙirar fitacciyar na Florentine mosaic na launi da kuma irin zane siffofi da ba na baya zuwa cewa samuwa a al'ada painters:

1. Lapis - shi ne mai arziki a cikin inuwõwi na blue tare da farin wake da kuma kyalkyali lu'ulu'u na zinariya pyrite.
2. Malachite - alternating makada na m da m kore.
3. Marmara - m zane na daban-daban inuwõyinta suna kusa, rawaya, launin ruwan kasa, ja da kore.
4. Semi-duwatsu masu daraja: agate, Jasper, onis, porphyry - ne mai babbar dama taguwar, madauwari, bayyanannu, kuma blurry laushi fentin a da dama dumi da kuma sanyi launuka, m ko da ciwon da halin da dabara nuances.

Tare da wadannan launuka da kuma Halicci kwarai Florentine mosaic. Photos ba zai iya kai ta gaskiya kyakkyawa, saboda hotuna samuwa watsa zurfi, abin da aka saukar zuwa polishing da dutse, da play haske a kan kankanin crystal inclusions. Daga cikin poetically shiryayye artists suka kai kololuwa da fasaha a cikin wannan wuya craft, Akwai shi ne imani da cewa, idan an yi amfani da ya qagaggun musamman alamu halitta da yanayi, shi ya zama samuwa ga gaskiya kyau na duniya halitta da nufin Allah.

Yadda aka yi shi?

Samar da wani kananan ado Saka a cikin wani karamin akwatin ko babbar ado panel fara da cikakken-launi cikakken-size thumbnail. Big abun da ke ciki domin saukaka kasu kashi kananan mãkirci. Figure ko yanka tare Lines cikin mutum abubuwa, ko canjawa wuri zuwa ga dutse amfani tracings bayan haƙuri search kan workpiece a so launi da kuma irin zane. Kwane-kwane da aka yi tare da zama dole wadata ga aiki na gidajen abinci.

Stone faranti na 2-3 mm kauri - na farko abu daga wanda aka sanya Florentine mosaic. billets kayan aiki da hannu ba ya canza for ƙarni. Farantin mai rufi tare da kwane-kwane clamped a vise, kuma daidai part aka fasa da musamman sawa. Ta kama wani yãgaggun leɓɓa baka yi na itacen rassan (yawanci launin ruwan kasa, ko ceri) tare da wani bakin ciki karfe waya-kibiya. A kan aiwatar da yankan wani dutse farantin kullum amfani da waya mufuradi abrasive manna (a baya shi ne kawai cakuda ruwa da yashi).

Biye da hankali gyara daga cikin mutum juna sassa da juna. A sakamakon aka samu idan kabu ba bayyane ko a cikin haske. Haduwar wannan mataki na iya tunanin neman a mosaic, depicting, misali, na bakin ciki inabi tendrils. A ƙãre abun da ke ciki ne a haɗe zuwa substrate (a cikin wani ingantaccen tsari - yin amfani da itace resins) da kuma a hankali goge.

madawwami kyakkyawa

Ganiya shahararsa na Italian mosaic kai a XVII-XVIII ƙarni. Furniture, zane-zane da kuma dukan ganuwar ado a wannan dabara, sha'awar da ta mai ladabi da unfading kyakkyawa mutane fadin Turai. Masters na Florentine mosaic bayyana a kasashe da dama, ciki har da a Rasha. Mafi Girma fitacciyar, halitta da inlays na dutse, dauke su sanannen Amber Room.

Yau, domin yi na "zanen a dutse" amfani da fasahar ta zamani da kuma ci-gaba kayan. Mutum sassa sukan yanke da Laser, kwamfuta-sarrafawa. Amma a cikin wannan harka, da Florentine mosaic ne sosai a lokacin cinyewa kuma tsada aiwatar da ado. Halittar Masters aiki a cikin gargajiya manual dabara, an mai daraja a matakin na gaskensu na gargajiya zanen.