Interferon mutum - nazarin halittu Properties

Interferon mutum da aka gano a shekarar 1957 ta biyu masana kimiyya Isaacs da Lindemann. Godiya ga wannan samu wani sabon inji ga kariya na mutum cell da aka kafa da kwayar cututtuka. Heat-inactivated mura cutar mawallafa da aka yin kwanci a qwai, homogenised horionalantois da kuma gano cewa, da supernatant damuarn ci gaban da wani aiki a kan cutar horionalantoise. A factor abin da yake a cikin homogenates aka mai suna interferon, kuma ta musamman nazarin halittu dukiya shekaru da yawa ĩmãni antivovirusnuyu kariya. An gano cewa masu kera na interferon ne sel daban-daban na mutane da dabbobi kyallen takarda. Its samuwar aka jawo da ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin da ɗan karami, pathogenic fungi, protozoa, rinjayar mitogens roba polymers. Leukocytes ne iya sa interferon kira a 3-4 sa'o'i bayan cutar shiryawa.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa sabon abu na kwayar kutse ya dade da aka sani. Yana dogara ne a kan mutum kariya damar kan mataki na wani virulent cutar da taimakon dalilai na nonspecific juriya, idan a lokaci guda ko a baya a wannan jiki samun kasa hatsari cutar. Wani abu kamar wannan, wato, sabon abu na tsangwama ya na lura tsakanin kwayan pathogens a cikin shakka daga su hulda. An gano cewa daya jinsunan pathogen iya hana haifuwa na wani jinsin, kuma ta haka ne canza hanya talãlãɓantar da su ga kamuwa da cuta. An tabbatar da cewa a lokacin da mai cutar ko dabba brucellosis, da suka ci gaba rigakafi ga Anthrax. Aka bayyana tsangwama tsakanin brucella kwayoyin da tularemia. Akwai dalilin da ya ɗauka cewa kutse na kwayoyin samar da wani hanawa cewa tubalan da azanci shine Kwayoyin a cikin Macro-kwayoyin cewa halitta unfavorable yanayi na zama na daya daga cikin gasar pathogens.

A cewar 'yan bayanai, akwai iri uku interferon (gamma-rigakafi, fibroblast beta da alpha leukocyte interferon), abin da ya bambanta a asalin, ta jiki da kuma nazarin halittu halaye. Ba dole ne a ce cewa kutse tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta ne da za'ayi tare da taimako na musamman hanawa wanda aka hada da Kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin.

Ya tabbatar da cewa mutum interferon - wani rukuni na da alaka da ilimin aiki peptides, wanda aka kafa a cikin Kwayoyin bayan ruri da daban-daban inducers. A taro na interferon cewa zai iya kashe da nazarin halittu aiki na daban-daban da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jiki, dabam quite karfi. Mai kula da mataki na interferon tabbatar da ƙwayoyin cuta da ciwon wani matsanancin harsashi da kuma sia aka gyara (miksovirusy, arboviruses, smallpox virus), da kuma picornaviruses alhãli kuwa adenoviruses bã tãre da m ambulaf kuma sun fi resistant ga wannan factor. Duk da haka, akwai aka ware a lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta da ciwon wannan ambulan, nuna ƙara juriya ga mataki na interferon (herpes ƙwayoyin cuta).

interferon mutum

Babban impetus ga ta samuwar da yawa la'akari da shigar azzakari cikin farji na waje nucleic acid Kwayoyin, wanda ya warware al'ada kayyade ma'auni na daban-daban kungiyoyin na sel. A kara kuzari mafi yi virus nucleic acid a vertebrate dabba Kwayoyin, ko da yake wasu nucleic acid na iya zama inducers na interferon. Daga cikin aka gyara na da ake dasu Kwayoyin cewa an halin interferon sakamako, da muhimmiyar rawa da aka buga da endotoxins na gram-korau kwayoyin da kuma lipopolysaccharides da polysaccharides, musamman pirogenal, prodigiozan. Interferon aka samar da mutum aiki a ƙarƙashin rinjayar RNA phages da ƙwayoyin cuta, wadda ana da kariya daga mai hanawa sakamako na ribonuclease.

Game da kaddarorin interferon, ya, da bambanci ga sani hanawa aiki a kan cutar kai tsaye rinjayar su ta hanyar da m Kwayoyin, samar da su su resistant zuwa kwayar haifuwa. Don interferon iya nuna antiviral sakamako, m Kwayoyin ya zama undisturbed kira na salula RNA da kuma salon salula sunadaran.

Kwanan nan, a matsayin antiviral wakili gudanar "mutum recombinant interferon Alfa 2". antiviral mataki inji aka alaka da halittar m sunadaran neinfetsirovanyh cutar Kwayoyin. Wannan ya canza da kaddarorin na cell membranes, wanda ya hana shigar azzakari cikin farji da cutar a cikin cell.

A nazarin halittu Properties hada interferon jinsunan bayani dalla-dalla, wanda ke nufin zabe bayyanuwar aiki a cikin jikin ta homologue jinsunan. Alal misali, interferon samar kaza tayi Kwayoyin, ba kare hakori ko wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa, da kuma interferon samar da mutum leukocytes, yana da wani aiki a cikin dabbobi. Wannan dukiyar ba cikakkar kuma, a wasu lokuta, interferon heterologous asalin iya zama aiki a jikin wani nau'in.