Hornblende: Properties, abun da ke ciki da kuma aikace-aikace

Daya daga cikin na kowa ma'adanai na zuwa dutse-kafa - hornblende. Ne kowa sunan amphibole kafa daga biyu Jamus kalmomi - "Kakakin" da "makãho." A tsaga-nau'i lu'ulu'u na ma'adinai kama zankayen.

Bayyanar da kaddarorin

A bayyanar hornblende domin sanin shi daga sauran ma'adanai sauƙi. An bambanta da Fused short-columnar lu'ulu'u da wani kyakkyawan ko rhombic giciye-sashe. Wannan shi ne wani fairly m opaque ma'adinai da ciwon kananan musamman nauyi da kuma wani na musamman tsakiyan nonon. taurin kudi ne 5.5-6 a kan Mohs sikelin. Yawa hornblende - wani talakawan na 3100 zuwa 3300 kg / m³. Tsakiyan nonon da aka alama a duka kwatance a wani kwana na 124 digiri.

Hornblende ne ba daban-daban iri-iri a cikin launi. Yana iya zama daga wani haske kore su brownish-baki (yawanci basaltic dutse tare da wani babban abun ciki na Alkali mahadi). Ma'adanai da wani launi ne daidai da kyau gilashi, semimetallic da shimmering kwanyarsa. Wannan irin aka ba fallasa zuwa acid. A karfi dumama za a iya Fused cikin gilashin duhu koren launi.

sinadaran da abun da ke ciki

Shi ne m da kuma dabam quite yadu. Canza rabo daga aluminum to trivalent da baƙin ƙarfe, da kuma magnesium - to divalent. Zai yiwu predominance na potassium kan magnesium. A gaban babban titanium ciki (up 3%), da ma'adinai da ake kira "basaltic hornblende". Abun da ke ciki bisa ga generated jam'i na sinadaran abubuwa, daga cikinsu potassium oxide iya zama daga 10 zuwa 13%, iron oxide - 9.5 to 11.5%, iron oxide - 3.9%, magnesium oxide - 11-14%. sodium oxide - 1.5%, silica - 42-48%, aluminum oxide - 6-13%.

A kan aiwatar da dutse weathering decomposes zuwa opals da carbonates. Hulda da hydrothermal mafita take kaiwa zuwa wani canji na ma'adinai chlorite, epidote, calcite da ma'adini.

Ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban jiki dalilai irin iya sha hadaddun sunadarai matakai kai ga samuwar matsakaici mahadi.

asalin

Hornblende ne dutse-kafa ma'adinai , da kuma babban bangaren amphibolite, shale kuma gneiss. Akwai, kamar yadda mai mulkin, a kan aiwatar da daukan hotuna pegmatite a kan igneous kankara. The volcanic ash an wani lokaci samu a cikin nau'i na guda lu'ulu'u. A cikin irin na farko abu a cikin farfajiya na extrusive kankara na wannan ma'adinai shi ne gwada rare.

Common hornblende, description of wanda aka bai sama, za a iya canza kama zuwa basaltic. Wannan na faruwa yawanci a lawa gudana, a karkashin oxidizing yanayi, da kuma dumama zuwa 800 ⁰S zazzabi. Wannan tsari ne quite sauki don ƙirƙirar artificially.

ajiya

Manyan lu'ulu'u na hornblende ne m, saboda haka na da babban amfani ga haraji. Da suka faru, yafi a cikin gabbroic pegmatites, wanda ba sosai. A cikin Urals, a Mount Falcon, sami da-kafa lu'ulu'u har zuwa 0.5 m. Yana da matukar kyau samfurori da wannan ma'adinai da ake samu a cikin Czech Republic, Norway, kazalika da volcanic lawa na Vesuvius a Italiya.

Hornblende ne tartsatsi a cikin cikin Ore Mountains na Jamus, mai arziki calc-silicate kankara. Syenite tsararru Meissen sani arziki adibas na wannan ma'adinai. Manyan adibas na lu'ulu'u shirya a Burma.

bigiren

Babban amfani da wannan ma'adinai da aka samu a masana'antu. A wasu matakai da shi yana da kaddarorin hornblende canza kama zuwa calcite, epidote, ma'adini, chlorite, forming a lokacin bazuwar na carbonates da opals. Ana amfani da a matsayin albarkatun kasa domin yi na duhu kore gilashin, kazalika a yi a cikin abun da ke ciki na dutse.

A fragility da kuma rashin gani roko ba da damar amfani da wannan ma'adinai a cikin kayan ado kasuwanci. Amma da hada a hornblende ma'adini kayayyakin don ƙirƙirar wani kyakkyawan dutse, luster da kuma siffar wanda za a iya ganin darajarsa.

Hornblende ne ba a cikin abun da ke ciki na ma'adinai da sunan "Apache Tears", wanda yake shi ne irin obsidian. An yi imani da cewa wannan dutse yana da ikon taimaka wani mutum jimre wa daban-daban sãme su, da janyo hankalin sa'a.

Masana sun karatu lithotherapy, magana game da tasirin gaske na ma'adinai a kan rigakafi da tsarin, narkewa kamar, kuma excretory. Kawai sa kayan ado daga shi - beads, rataye-rataye, da dai sauransu ...