Hari bindiga AR-15: siffofin da kuma hoto

Bindiga AR-15 (AR-15) - a Semi-atomatik bindiga daga American masana'antu. Shi ne zuriyar irin wadannan makamai a matsayin AR-10 da kuma M-16. Details a cikin labarin.

A kadan tarihi

The duniya-sanannen M-16 bindiga ya zama haka rare a matsayin Kalashnikov bindiga. A halin yanzu, a cikin hamsin hamsin a kasashen yamma, shi ya yanke shawarar komawa wani karami zamo (daga 7,62 zuwa 5.56). Sa'an nan Yudzhin Stouner ya tushen su AR-10 da 7,62, da kuma a shekarar 1958 ya ga hasken da sabon samfurin daga kamfanin Armalite Division, da ake kira AR-15. Hari bindiga AR-15 ya 5,56 da ya iya karya, ta hanyar da misali sojojin kwalkwali.

Stoner da shawarar yin amfani da roba da kuma aluminum gami don kwatanta da suke a gabãninsu da sabon abu ya zama sauƙin. Irin wannan kuma ya jũya AR-15 bindiga. Magazine iya aiki (saboda wani karu zamo harsashi) an karu.

m zane

Bindiga AR-15 (hoton da ke ƙasa) da aka yi na super-haske gami. Design alama ne "ido" for dauke da makamai a ƙofar inji. A an sanya na'urar for saiti. A butt ne a layin da ganga.

A tsakiyar 1958 aka jarrabi, a cikin abin da kurakurai da aka gano: a low daidaito, kazalika da m misfires.

A sakamakon haka, an yanke shawarar aika wani samfurin for bita, amma a cikin wani daban-daban zane ofishin - kamfanin aholakin ta Patent bindigogi Manufacturing Company, wanda, bi da bi, gaba daya hadiye mu aforementioned Armalite Division a nan gaba.

Vietnam

Kananan-zamo bindiga AR-15 a cikin adadin dubban kofe aka saya daga aholakin kamfanin da kuma fitar dashi to Kudu Vietnam a 1962. Dalilin da ya saya ya kasance daya: fuskanci sabon model a real fama yanayi.

Af, a kan makamai aiki Zartarwa duk wannan Yudzhin Stouner, wanda ya bar Armalite Division, kuma a kan wa "Colts".

Sakamakon bakin ciki sosai. A cikin mahallin da yaƙi bindiga yi girman sosai finicky. Mismatched gunpowder jefa da yawa gas a lokacin da kone su. Su, bi da bi, kafa wani taro na toka accumulates ciki, sakamakon hannayen riga jam a cikin masallãci. Sun yi mai da yin amfani da wani ramrod. A lokaci guda, da Vietnam m "Kalash", irin matsaloli da ba su samu. A lokaci-lokaci wadata bindiga AR-15 leads zuwa katsewa na ganga da kuma mutuwa a fagen yaƙi.

Karshe kuma tsaftacewa

Bayan wani mummunan kwarewa a Vietnam yaƙi designers binciki yanayin aiki na sabon samfurin makamai. Bindiga AR-15 da aka samar da wani Chrome surface a waje da ganga, wanda ya karu da juriya ga tsatsa, aka zaba a matsayin wani nau'in foda ga harsasai yi, kamar yadda misali lubricator for bindigogi maye gurbinsu musamman zaba danko sosai man m muhalli da yanayi. A musamman, don gudanarwa da yãƙi a cikin wurare masu zafi sauyin yanayi na Vietnam.

TTH AR-15

A shekarar 1958 da ta zama makami ga daraja, a Amurka zuwa farar hula. Irin wannan matsayi ne da bindiga AR-15. Bayani dalla-dalla su ne kamar haka:

• nauyi jeri daga 2,27 zuwa 3.9 kg dangane da yawan patrons a cikin shagon.
• a tsawon samfurin kai 991 mm.
• cikinsa da ganga tsawon kasance 508 mm karkashin Tutar.
• harsashi 5.56mm ko .338 Specter NATO rarrabuwa.
• hari bindiga da harbe-harben kudi da aka bambanta daga 700 zuwa 950 akai-akai da minti.
• da farko gudu da harsashi - 975 m / s.
• Tasiri kewayon makamai - 400-600 mita.

XM16E1, ko Tarurrukan M-16

Bugu da ari, a cikin makamai na Amurka kamun kifi sun dukan permutations daga shekarar 1963 zuwa 1967. A farko da kamfanin aholakin samu wani domin a manyan kaya na M-16 da kuma kananan XM16E1, sa'an nan daga XM-app ƙi, sunã shiryarwa da su zuwa ga fasaha da takardun matsayin hanyar cika gibba tsakanin soke zama samfurori da kuma ba tukuna soma da sabon.

A zahiri XM16E1 model hada da m halaye na biyu da M-16, da kuma daga AR-15. A sakamakon haka, a 1967, soma wannan model bindiga, amma a karkashin M16A1 alama tare da wani harsashi na zamo kamar 5,56.

Bugu da kari, a duniya ya fara salla-kayan model na makamai bisa model na Eugene Stoner karkashin sunaye daban-daban. A gaskiya ma, sun kasance duk kwafi masu kunnen doki na AR-15.

"A guduma" bindiga. Rasha

Domestic farauta masu goyon baya da dogon fĩfĩta yi amfani for your sha'awa, ba carbines kamar "Saiga", da kuma Yammacin model. Suna dogara ne a kan AR-15 bindiga. Rasha samar carbines kira "boar-15", wanda kuma ake kira "The guduma" a cikin girmamawa ga masana'antu shuka a Vyatka.

Weapon tsiwirwirinsu Popularity saboda ta low cost idan aka kwatanta da fafatawa a gasa 'samfurori. Duk da haka, saboda da zane, kama da AR-15, yana yiwuwa a kafa ƙarin jiki kit.

Domestic designers bai bayyana cikakken bayani a cikin "boar" rabo daga kasashen waje zuwa cikin gida bayani, amma mun san cewa ganga Chrome a matsayin asali shigar da aholakin bayan da "{asar Vietnam gwaji." A daya hannun, wannan abu ne mai kyau, a kan sauran - ba kamar yadda da wuya su maye gurbin irin wannan daki-daki.

Juyayi dayansu samfurin ma tsiwirwirinsu ta fi ganiya auna da kuma nauyi kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da model, wadda ake bisa Kalashnikov. A kasuwannin duniya ne cushe da misalai na jiki kit da makamai bisa AR-15.

Bindiga AR-15, "Schmeisser". Jamus.

Kalmar "Schmeisser" mutane da yawa shirki da wani submachine gun MP-40 na yakin duniya na II. Amma wannan makami na da tarihi da kuma ta zane tausasãwa.

Duk da haka, da makami bidi'a Hugo Schmeisser ya sanã'anta da lakabi na daya daga cikin mafi m zanen karni na ashirin da makamai. Kamfanin da ake kira da sunansa, samar Semi-atomatik bindigogi alama AR-15 ga wasa dalilai, kazalika da farauta.

Kamfanin ne sananne ga cewa duk da aka gyara an kerarre na musamman a Jamus fiye da tabbas ne ta mashahuri Jamus ingancin kayayyakin. A zaman kansa ingancin kima tsarin inganta speedy hulda da wani m saya.

Heckler & Koch

Wani makamai kamfanin a Jamus, dangane da samfurin wanda yake shi ne bindiga AR-15. A tsarin da aka alama HK416. The title tsara mika mulki manufa na karfinsu da NATO ma'aunansa na irin M-16 da kuma M-14. Hari bindiga ne kama da AR-15 kawai sama-sama. Aikin, shi ne mafi cancanta ga German model G36 irin.

Samfurin undoubted abũbuwan amfãni su ne:

• M: shi bayar da dama zabin hawa kit, wanda damar zuwa daidaita da makami da duk wani yanayi na yaki.
• High daidaituwa da kuma daidaito - godiya ga wadannan Manuniya za a iya amfani da a matsayin maharbi bindiga, babban abu - don shigar da telescopic gani.
• Soft sama - godiya ga stock tsarin, aro daga M-16, m rike da damar makamai dadi "zauna" hannunka.
• High jure lalata.

disadvantages:

• daga bindigogi wuce kima kudi na wuta (850 akai-akai da minti), saboda abin da sosai da sauri gudu daga harsashi (wanda ya tilasta soja don gudanar da su manyan wadata), da sauri overheats, da wuya harbi bursts - faruwa akwati magudanun ruwa zuwa gefen (musamman a takaice-samfurori).

"Orsis"

Wani misali na cikin gida da makamai, wanda dogara ne a kan yammacin AR-15 shi ne mai Semi-atomatik farauta bindiga ORSIS AS-15.

Da farko, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa asali kanta Yu.Stouner bai biya saboda hankali ne ya biya zuwa gas. Su da aka jefa fita kawai ta hanyar wani rami a cikin akwati. Irin wannan matakai sa a cikin samuwar kona propellant da jamming na hannun riga a cikin masallãci.

Saboda da yawa kamfanonin sun yanke shawarar clone da AR-15, samar da wani samfurin da gas fistan, saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan hanya na kau na foda gas ne mafi abin dogara da kuma kudin-tasiri.

Moscow kamfanin "Promtehnologiya" ci gaba da carabiner a kan wannan akai, yin amfani da 5,56. Abin lura shi ne cewa gun ganga ne kerarre da kamfanin kanta, kuma ba ya zo daga kasashen waje.

Bugu da kari, ta amfani da tushe yankan a increments na 203 mm, wanda damar yin amfani da mai nauyi harsasai. The zane na samar da amfani na misali da zamani matsayin, telescopic buttstock, cewa ba ka damar daidaita da makami dogara ne a kan kama daga mafarauci.

Makamai tsawon 870 mm, da kuma nauyi game da 4 kg (3.95 ya zama daidai).

Godiya ga Pikattini madauri saukar da dabara underweight da scopes iri-iri.

hari na kwafi masu kunnen doki

Ya kamata a lura da cewa bindiga AR-15 na da wani Kalashnikov kowa makoma. A ƙasashe da dama a duniya ta fito da wani makamin, wanda dogara ne a kan aiki manufa, ƙirƙira by Eugene Stoner:

• A Georgia, kamfanin SEC "Delta" da ke sa a model kira G5.
• Isra'ila samar Semi-atomatik bindigogi Gilbowa 14.5 (kamfanin Silver Shadow).
• kamfanin "aholakin" reshe a Canada samar besporshnevoy version kira Diemaco C7 / C8 - alama kamar litattafansu ko samun wata hanya ta magance da tururi daga gunpowder amfani.
• a kan wannan hanya kuma na tafi da Sin Norinco Corporation model Norinco CQ 5,56;
• United Arab Emirates nuna makamai, wanda aka ba sunan wani daji cat - Caracal CAR 816;
• har ma da Korean kamfanin Daewoo, sanannen mota manufacturer, yana da wani samfurin Daewoo K2 tsari.
• a Rasha, a Bugu da kari to "Orsisa" da "boar", akwai kuma Skat GM-15.
• zanen kaya daga Taiwan ba mai lakabin da ya halitta T65 / T86 / T91 - shi ne m ko gun, ko tanki, ko jirgin sama.
• Ukraine - wani samfurin kira Zbroyar Z-15.
• kuma a nan a Philippines biyu cikakku da kuma zanen, bi da bi, biyu samfurori - UDMC F5-PVAR da Ferfrans karu har zuwa P.
• Montenegro - Tara TM4.
• Jamhuriyar Czech - LUVO LA-16 daga kamfanin LUVO makamai.
• kuma kammala jerin Switzerland tare da su Astra StG4.

ƙarshe

Ya nuna dogon tarihi, da fasaha ci gaba ba tsaya har yanzu. Wannan ya shafi makaman hali. A kowace shekara, shi ƙirƙira sabon nau'in. Daya samfurin overshadows su yi karin. Kurakurai kidaya ana gyara. A tabbatacce gefen - ana kammala domin ƙarshe kawo cikakken ingancin samfurin cewa zai iya wuce duk gwaje-gwaje da kuma a karɓa a cikin sabis.

Da zarar Mihail Timofeevich Kalashnikov ƙirƙira tsarin cewa shi ne tushen da duniya-sanannen layi na inji. Yudzhin Stouner je sama tare da nasu, wanda kuma ya zama wata almara da kuma haifar da wani fanni na ma'ajiyar makamai.

Zai yiwu yanzu wani wuri wani zai zo da wani abu na musamman, wani abu baba misali kafin. Bayan duk, fasaha ci gaba ba tsaya har yanzu. Wani sabon lokaci halitta sabuwar fasahar da ya haifar da sababbin manufofi.

A sanannun al'adu guda zuwa wannan rana muhawara ci gaba kamar yadda ya abin steeper: AK-74, ko da yake shi M-16. Wasu sa a gaba da hujja da cewa "Kalash dogo karya," wasu a mayar da martani ga retort, "Haka ne, da kuma dukkan - zai nutse wani jirgin sama m." 'Yan mutane zaton cewa M-16 kuma ta sãmi dogo, ko da kasa - da cewa wannan muhawara ne m.

Kamar biyu duniya-aji baiwa sanya muhimman hakkokin taimako ga makamai masana'antu, immortalized sunayensu.