Gas reserves a duniya. Halitta gas reserves a duniya

A amfani da iskar gas - wani muhimmin ɓangare na rayuwa ta zamani. Yana warms gidajen mu in winter, ya bamu damar dafa da kuma wanka a dumi ruwa, tare da taimakon motsi motoci da manyan harkokin kasuwanci aiki. Shi ba zai zama iskar gas - zai zo da auka. Duk da babbar gas reserves a duniya, kana bukatar wani m, kuma m amfani da albarkatun da dama da al'ummomi a bãyan mu kuma iya ji dadin amfani da wayewa.

Gas reserves a duniya (2014)

Duk yadda da yawa cubic mita gas ko kunshe ne a cikin hanjinsu na duniya, wanda dole ne m da kuma tattali a samar da amfani. Resource ba a updated, kuma ya aikata ba, a kansa aka kafa. Saboda haka, jima ko daga baya ya iya kawo karshen.

A daidai adadin gas boye a karkashin yadudduka na duniya, babu wanda zai kira ka. Amma a cewar wasu masana, za mu iya magana game da 173 tiriliyan na tabbatar da reserves. More game da 120 tiriliyan zato boye daga idanunmu, da kuma hannun mutum ya ba tukuna kai ga wani m arziki. Wannan ya kamata isa iskar gas ga bil'adama kawai shekaru 65 da haihuwa. Ina ne babbar gas reserves a duniya? Table harhada da masana, zai taimaka mana mu amsa wannan tambaya.

Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai kasashen da most reserves na shale gas a duniya. Wannan shi ne Amurka, Rasha, Ukraine, Hungary, Poland, Austria, Jamus da sauran kasashen Turai.

Rasha

Our kasa yana da arziki adibas na wannan hanya. Kamar yadda aka nuna a tebur, da kiyasta girma na gas dabam daga 31 tiriliyan cubic mita zuwa game da 50. A kashi muka mallaka daga 24 zuwa 40 bisa dari na duka data kasance gas reserves a duniya.

Fiye da rabin yiwuwa albarkatu na Rasha Federation located a yammacin yankin na Siberia, fiye da kwata - a kan shiryayye daga cikin Kara kuma Barents Tekuna. Sashe na daga cikin hasashen da adibas ne da mayar da hankali a tekuna na Far East da kuma Arctic, kazalika a cikin Asian bangare na kasar. Kamar yadda na tabbatar, kashi biyu cikin uku da aka boye a cikin hanjinsu na Yamalo-Nenets yankin. Turai na Rasha crouches kawai 10%. Shi ne mafi girma gas reserves a duniya, wanda kawai wanzu.

Urengoy filin iskar gas - na uku mafi girma a duniya. A general, shi zai iya rike 16 tiriliyan cubic mita. Gas samar na samar da kamfanin "Gazprom", wanda kuma SUPPLiES samfurin zuwa dama kasashen Turai.

Iran

The most gas reserves a duniya, fãce Rasha, da kuma wannan ne ma Jamhuriyar Musulunci. Domin janar lissafin, wanda yake shi ne game da 16% na dukan data kasance hanya a duniya. A mafi muhimmanci adibas ne a arewa maso gabashin da kuma a cikin teku na Persian Gulf. A jihar shirin gina wani bututun gas "Iran-Pakistan-Indiya."

Tabbatar da gas reserves a duniya ne mai girma, da kuma Iran yana mai zaki ya share su. Saboda haka, shirin yin gasa da Rasha domin samar da albarkatun a Turai. Ikon Jamhuriyar Musulunci yake faruwa a sa iskar gas a yankin arewa maso yammacin. Route zabin suna da yawa: ta hanyar Turkey, Syria, Iraki da kuma Caucasus. Ko da yake na farko mai yiwuwa reshe, mataimakin Oil and Gas kasar Ali Majed kira mafi alamar rahama.

Gina bututun iskar gas kammala a shekarar 2019. A lokaci guda, da kuma za a fara bayarwa. Turkey zai karɓi shida biliyan cubic mita iskar gas a shekara, a matsayin mai wucewa kasar, amma a Turai za su je kusan sau biyu, da girma daga cikin hanya.

Qatar

A kananan kasar da cewa ba kowa zai sami a duniya taswirar, yana da manya-manyan gas reserves. A duniya ne na uku a yawan cubic mita gas a ɓõye, a cikin hanjinsu na duniya. Aƙalla ne 24-26 tiriliyan m³. Bisa ga kididdigar da aka ba a sama, da ƙasa za a iya amince tafiyar da gas samarwa a kan gaba 150 shekara. A nan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a filayen a duniya - Arewa Dome.

A cikin 'yan shekaru, Qatar yana neman zarafi don fitarwa zuwa EU. Kazalika ga Iran, da mafi kyau farfajiyoyi da wannan jiha ratsa Syria da kuma Turkiya. Duk da yake yin sulhu tare da shugabannin wadannan kasashe kan sufuri, da Qatar hukuma mafarki gasa tare da Rasha, da kuma ko da kewaye shi da yawan hawa iskar gas. Kuma yana da real. A kasar ne rayayye samar da man fetur da kuma iskar gas. Hannun jari a duniya wadannan albarkatun an rarraba a cikin irin wannan hanya da cewa shi ne a kasar Qatar crouches zaki ya share. A kudin adibas a cikin yankin da aka kiyasta a $ 10 tiriliyan, wanda shi ne sau biyu fiye da a wannan Rasha da kuma Iran, Saudi Arabia da kuma Venezuela.

Turkmenistan

Reserves ta kasar gas ana shirya a irin wannan hanyar da ta huɗu wuri a cikin ranking ne ainihin wannan jiha. Kuma yana da dukan damar da ya karya a cikin saman uku, kamar yadda a cikin shekarar 2015, shugaban kasar Garbanguly Berdimuhamedov umurci gwamnati da ta kara mai rai up to 83 biliyan cubic mita da kuma fitar da kaya - up 48.

A kasar ne rayayye samar da iskar gas zuwa kasar Sin, da kuma, Paradoxically, to Iran da kuma Rasha. Yanzu jihar ne kuma fara gina wani sabon bututun iskar gas TAPI.

A ciwon hanji na giant man fetur da kuma iskar gas filin a Turkmenistan - Galkinish - boye manyan gas reserves. A duniyar wadannan kadan wurare. Its aiki fara gwada da kwanan nan - a 2013. Har ila yau, kasar na da manyan adibas na hanya a kusa da birnin Iolotan, suna a cikin girmamawa da wannan shiri - ta Kudu Iolotan.

United States

Wannan kasa da fari na da most reserves na shale gas a duniya. Cire shi daga shale, kuma kunshi mafi yawa na methane. A farko kasuwanci da aka fadi na sukar nan a farkon 1821 a New York. Tun daga nan, Amurka ta zama daya daga cikin shugabannin a samar da wannan hanya a duniya.

The most gas reserves a Amurka ne a cikin Gulf of Mexico. Wannan abu ne da: Red Hawk, wanda ya bude a 2002, kazalika da Ticonderoga da Thunder doki, duka biyu fake da biliyan 20 cubic mita gas. A daidai wannan lokaci, wata katuwar mafi tun 1965 ya zauna da Point Thompson, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na man fetur da kuma iskar gas tasa na arewacin Alaska. Ga irin ƙaunar da ƙasa dauke 3 tiriliyan cubic mita. Don safarar albarkatun kasar da aka gina bututun iskar gas. Zai miƙa daga Point Thomson da Pacific Coast, da kuma daga can zuwa zuciya of America - Washington.

Masana sun ce wannan filin zai iya samar da 7% na shekara-shekara bukatar Amurka. Ana sa ran cewa bututun zai gama ginin a shekara ta 2018, kuma a lokaci guda shi zai fara cikakken aiki.

Saudi Arabia

Akwai fiye da kwata na tabbatar da arzikin man fetur. A general, da ci ne a kusa da biliyan 260 ganga. Kamar yadda wannan kasar shi ne babban kayyadewa na farashin man a duniya da kuma shugaban na OPEC.

Kamar yadda na gas, sa'an nan da shekaru 10 masu zai ninka ikon da ganima. Export ba a bai riga, da hanya zai samar da kawai da ciki bukatun jihar. A yanzu lokaci, da most gas filin ne Tuchman, located in tsakiyar hamadar Rub al-Khali. Harufan gefe nan da aka kiyasta a biliyan 1 cubic mita. Resource ta'allaka a zurfin kilomita biyar.

Saudi Arabia, ko da yake daya daga cikin goma gas ƙattin na duniya, amma duk da wannan "feed" kansu yafi saboda man fetur. Wannan shi ya rike da mafi girma a man filin a duniya - Ghawar. Sa'an nan cire 65% na kasar man fetur. Alal misali, a shekara ta 2006 kawai, a Gavar aka ɗaga zuwa surface 6.5% na duniya mai samar. Akwai kuma wata halitta tafki na gas: 56,5 miliyan m³ aka samar a kowace rana.

United Arab Emirates

214 tiriliyan cubic mita - wani gagarumin gas reserves. A duniyar Emirates da aka gudanar a cikin wannan yanki manyan mukamai: 4% na duniya adibas na hanya. M an samar a Abu Dhabi. Karkashin iko da wannan sunan kamfanin ne kashi 90% na iskar gas reserves na jihar.

A cewar masana, UAE ne ma ranked 5th a duniya a man tallace-tallace. A kasar - da OPEC kungiya ta arzikin man fetur da shi zai šauki fiye da shekaru 100. 66 biliyan ganga - sosai baki zinariya dauke da ciwon hanji na m Arab ƙasar. kuma iko da sassa na kasa kamfanin "Abu Dhabi".

United Arab Emirates - arziki kasa a duniya da kuma wani abu da tattalin arziki cibiyar. Tun shekarar 1970 da kuma har yau da GDP da capita karu da 20 sau. Babban ciniki abokan su ne Italiya, Jamus, Birtaniya, Koriya ta Kudu da kuma Japan. UAE ma ban sha'awa kasar. Ta opted ga cikakkar neutrality, duka biyu dangane da West, da kuma yarenta na Gabas.

Venezuela

duniya ta iskar gas reserves ne manyan, kuma wani ɓangare daga gare su, yana daidai da Bolivarian Jamhuriyar. Ta daukan girman kai a cikin takwas wuri a cikin rating na gas Refayawa. Na 146 tiriliyan cubic feet a na uku tallace kamar yadda "yiwu". A jihar daukan bangare a cikin ci gaban da iskar gas filayen a kan shiryayye tare da kamfanonin daga Rasha, China, Algeria da kuma Malaysia.

A yammacin yammancin duniya na duniya da aka mayar da hankali a Venezuela, da most arzikin man fetur - game 75-80 biliyan ganga. Ko da yake gwamnatin ikirarin cewa waɗannan Figures an rage ta sau da dama. Duk abin da ya, a Latin America wannan jiha №1 a samar da baki zinariya. Shi ne memba na OPEC da daya daga cikin mafi iko mai exporters a duniya.

Venezuela - ba kawai aka sani shugaban-muhimmanci m na albarkatun, amma kuma ikirarin da in kasance farkon wuri a cikin ranking daga cikin mafi cigaban da nasara kasashen a Latin America. Kuma wannan duk da dukan da rikice-rikice da United States, iyakar Antilles, kuma tare da makwabtaka da Colombia.

Najeriya

Hannun jari ta kasa da gas da aka rarraba a irin wannan hanyar da saman 10 most gas dauloli fadi, da kuma biyu Afirka jihohi. A tara wuri da muke da Najeriya - Power №1 a kan "black" nahiyar a tabbatar da reserves na iskar gas. A cikin ƙaunar da ƙasa akwai da yake a ɓõye game 5 tiriliyan cubic mita hanya. Most m Najeriya bautarka 7th wuri a duniya, wanda shi ne ma mai kyau sakamakon.

Yana yana da ƙasa, kuma mai adibas. Shi ne na biyu ne kawai zuwa Libya da yawan ganga na tabbatar da reserves. Amma ba su daidaita cikin sharuddan girma na fitar da kaya daga black zinariya a Afirka. Najeriya rayayye sayar hanya a Yammacin Turai, da Amurka, Indiya da kuma Brazil. Ta wani girmamawa memba na OPEC.

Algeria

The most gas reserves a duniya dake a cikin zurfin na Afirka ƙasar. Kuma yayin da jihar kawai 10 th a cikin jerin kasashen da manyan adibas na iskar gas, amma shi ne 5th a cikin ranking daga cikin mafi m da kuma aiki waɗanda suke tsiwurwurin wannan hanya. Masana sun kai adadi 4.5 tiriliyan cubic mita - wannan da aka sani gas reserves. A duniyar 'yan kasashen iya fariya irin wannan sakamakon.

Mai iskar gas adibas a Algeria - a gas free daga mai kududdufai iyakoki, ko daya, da yake a cikin gas filayen. Sauran albarkatun (game da 15%) an narkar da a cikin mai, wato, a cikin babban filin na baki zinariya Hassi Messaoud. The most gas filin - ne Hassi R'Mel gas filin, sauran sanannun batu na hanya hakar - kirki, Gourde Nous da Wende-ƙidaya. Tun shekara ta 1990 kuma har zuwa gabatar-rana kwanaki na tabbatar da reserves na iskar gas a kasar Algeria sun ninki biyu, wanda shi ne sakamakon aiki ma'aunan kasa aiki.

Kamar yadda ka gani, iskar gas reserves a duniya isa. Amma wannan ba ya kuɓutar da mu daga alhakin su tattali da ta dace na amfani domin amfanin gaba.