Fonvizina aiki: jerin ayyukan

Abin da ayyukan Fonvizin da aka sani zuwa zamani masu karatu? Hakika, "Oaf." Bayan duk, comedy ne wani ɓangare na makaranta manhaja. An sani cewa alkalami na Rasha marubuci ya kamãta da m articles, fassarorin da na waje mawallafa. Duk da haka, ayyukan adabi da kuma satirical rubuce-rubuce a kan m iyali Prost aiki Fonvizin ba iyaka.

Abin da kuma rubuta mahaliccin m comedy? Kuma me ya sa a cikin shekaru baya ga marubucin, "ignoramus" ya wuya a buga su halittun?

Rasha marubucin waje asalin

A marubuci rayu kuma ya yi aiki a zamanin Catherine. Fonvizina aiki ba a halitta idan daya daga cikin magabatan comedy bai samu daya a Rasha bauta. Mahaliccin wannan haruffa kamar yadda Prostakov Starodum da Mitrofanushka da waje asalin, duk da haka, ya kasance mafi Rasha dukkan Rasha marubuta daga cikin karni na sha takwas. A kalla a matsayin mai yawa game da shi Pushkin ce.

translation ayyukan

A marubuci ya a makarantar sakandare, sai na zama dalibi na Faculty of Falsafa. Fonvizina ayyukan wakilci pinnacle na Theatrical art na karni na sha takwas. Duk da haka, kafin ka samu fitarwa, wani marubuci shekaru da yawa poring kan fassarorin shahara waje da kuma ko da tsoho playwrights. Kuma kawai samun kwarewa, ya fara rubuta asali qagaggun.

Literary translation protagonist wannan labarin fara bazata. Da zarar daya daga cikin St. Petersburg booksellers ji na da kyau kwarai ilimi na kasashen waje harsuna. Kasuwa gayyaci saurayin fassara a cikin Rasha da ayyukan Ludvig Holberg. Denis Fonvizin sun jimre da aiki. Sa'an nan ya fãɗa da yawa tayi daga wallafa.

wallafe-wallafen aikin

Lokacin da ta fara bayyana ainihin ayyukan Fonvizin? Jerin ayyukan da ya yi shi ne kananan. Kasa ne a jerin ban mamaki ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma wallafe a kan siyasa theme. Amma da farko 'yan kalmomi ya kamata a ce game da ganewarsu na marubucin.

A cikin rabi na biyu na karni na sha takwas a Turai, shi ne a fashion ilimi da tunani, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa wanda ya Voltaire. Rasha marubuci farin ciki fassara ayyukan da Faransa satirist. Humor, abin da ya bambanta Fonvizina aiki a cikin gargajiya style, tabbas, shi ne alama, wanda aka rinjayi Voltaire ta kerawa. A cikin shekaru a lokacin da marubuci ya ziyarci freethinkers musamman aiki clubs, comedy aka halicci.

"Foreman"

Literary nazarin taimake Fonvizin hawa da tsãni a cikin matasa, amma yana da wani m sakamako a kan marubuci ta kerawa a cikin tsufa. Translation aviary bala'i haskaka Empress. A musamman nasara dadin comedy "Birgediya".

publicism

A 1769, marubucin ya shiga sabis na Count Panin, wanda ya sa shi rubuta siyasa rubutun. Sunan wannan aiki shi ne cikakken daidai da lokaci a cikin abin da marubucin ya rayu, "Maganganu kan ya hallaka wani nau'i na gwamnatin jihar da kuma na jiha zyblemom Empire da hukunci kyãwon hukunci ba."

A wannan zamanin Catherine mai ilmin mutane bayyana kansu musamman flowery, ko da empress kanta, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, ba su son aiki. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin wannan aiki, marubucin ya soki da Catherine, kuma ta favorites, m tsarin mulki da sake fasalin. A wannan yanayin, ko shiga barazana juyin mulki.

a Paris

Fiye da shekaru biyu da ciyar a Faransa Fonvizin. Daga can, sai ya kasance a yau da kullum da rubutu da Panin da sauran kamar shiryayye mutane. Social da kuma zamantakewa al'amurran da suka shafi sun mayar da hankali da duka biyu haruffa da kuma rubuce-rubucen. Aikin jaridar aiki Fonvizin, jerin wanda shi ne kadan a san Sahaban, duk da babu m katsalandan a cikin wadanda shekaru da aka sharkaf ƙishirwa ga canji, reformist ruhu.

ra'ayin siyasa,

Bayan ziyarar da Faransa, Denis Fonvizin rubuta sabon "muhawara". Wannan lokaci, suka kasance masu duqufa ga jihar dokokin. A wannan aikin marubucin tada tambaya na serfdom. Gamsu da bukatar a hallaka shi, ya kasance har yanzu a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da "Pugachev" sabili da haka samarwa rabu da serfdom moderately sannu a hankali.

Fonvizin aka tsunduma a wallafe-wallafen aikin har mutuwarsa. Amma saboda da ƙin yarda da Empress ya bai iya buga masa tattara ayyukan. A karshe, yana da daraja ambata ayyukan Fonvizin.

jerin littattafan

1. "Foreman".
2. "Oaf."
3. "Muhawara game da ba makawa jihar dokokin."
4. "The zabi wani malami."
5. "Conversation a Princess Haldin."
6. "Confession."
7. "Korionov."

"Confession," marubucin ya halitta, ana ci gaba a cikin shekaru. Wannan aiki ne autobiographical. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, da marubuci Fonvizin yafi rubuta articles a mujallu. A cikin tarihi na Rasha adabi, Fonvizin zo a matsayin marubuci na comedies a cikin Genre na classicism. Menene wannan shugabanci? Menene da halaye?

ayyukan Fonvizin

Classicism ne shugabanci, bisa ka'idojin rationalism. Ayyukan gabatar da jituwa bangaskiya da kuma tsananin complied tare da poetic normativity. A heroes na comedy "The Ƙananan" ya kasu kashi tabbatacce kuma korau. Sabanin images ba a nan. Kuma shi ne kuma halayyar classicism.

Haife wannan shugabanci a Faransa. A Rasha classicism sãɓã wa jũna satirical fuskantarwa. A cikin ayyukan Faransa playwrights da fari shi ne tsoho theme. Domin Rasha classicism halayyar kasa-tarihi motifs.

Babban alama na ban mamaki ayyukan karni na sha takwas - da hadin kai na lokaci da kuma wuri. Events "Oaf" da faruwa a cikin gida Prost iyali. Duk da cewa, an bayyana a cikin comedy, yana cika a cikin ashirin da hudu. Fonvizin baiwa da haruffa magana da sunayen. Skotinin mafarkai na kauyuka inda da yawa daga aladu waje kiwo. Vralman pretends fadakar Mitrofanushka, yayin gabatar da ignoramus a wani ko mafi tsanani jãhilci.

A comedy aka shafi ilimi theme. Educational tunani ya yi tasiri a kan dukan ayyukan Fonvizin. A marubuci so su canja tsarin siyasa. Amma na yi imani da cewa ba tare da ilimi, da wani canje-canje zai kai ga haddin shari'a, "Pugachev" ko wasu mummunan zamantakewa da siyasa sakamakon.