Description, location, ci gaban tattalin arziki, da yawan Iraki. Saba da jihar na Gabas ta Tsakiya

A Jamhuriyar Iraki - a kasar a kudu maso yammacin Asiya. Its yanki ne fiye da 435 sq. km. Iraqi yawan ne game da 36 da mutane miliyan.

A takaice game da jihar

A arewacin kasar ta kan iyaka da Turkey daukan wuri, da kuma a yamma shi da iyaka da Syria da kuma Jordan. A kudu maso gabas da jihar gaba an wanke ta da ruwan da Persian Gulf - a fili shi ne zai yiwu su yi tunanin, gano Iraq a kan taswira. A gabas ta da iyaka da kasar Iran, amma a kan iyaka a can da kuma jayayya da yankuna da ake yi ba ta kafa.

A babban birnin kasar Iraki ne Bagadaza. Wannan birni yana dauke daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin administrative a gabas ta tsakiya. Bugu da kari, shi ne wani muhimmin kai cibiya. Kamar yadda muka ce a baya, yawan al'umma a kasar Iraki dabam tsakanin 36 da mutane miliyan, kuma waɗannan, fiye da miliyan 6 rayuwa a cikin babban birnin kasar.

By irin na gwamnatin Jihar ne mai majalisar jumhuriya tarayya tsarin. Iraq da aka raba ta 18 larduna.

Da 'yancin kai na Jihar samu a 1932. Daga shekarar 1979 zuwa 2003, ya mulki kasar ga Saddam Hussein. A tsawon lokaci a matsayin shugaban kasar Iraki ta yawan sha wahala daga ayyukan soji, wanda, da sauƙi, ba zai je amfanin ci gaban tattalin arziki da kuma, a sakamakon, inganta ingancin rayuwa.

Gwargwadon matsayi

A kasar da aka located a cikin Mesopotamian Bayyana, tsakanin kwaruruka na biyu manyan gabashin kõguna - da Tigris da Euphrates. Wannan wuri ya dade rare. A nan ne akwai daya daga cikin farko mutum wayewar - Sumerian. Daga baya a kan waɗannan ƙasashe wanzu sauran jihohin - Babila, da Assuriya. A VII karni kira jihohin da aka cinye ta da yaki da Larabawa, da kuma Musulunci ya watsu a nan.

Ganin Iraq a kan taswira, kana iya ganin cewa shi ne geographically kasu kashi 4 na halitta yankuna.

1. A babban yanki na kasar da aka located a kan Mesopotamian Bayyana, a arewa-maso-gabas wanda yakan a low dutsen kewayon - Sinjar.
2. Daga arewa jihar encircles Iran Plateau. Wannan shi ne inda tsororuwar a kasar - dutsen Haji Ibrahim, mai tsawo na 3587 m.
3. A kudu maso yammacin, a cikin hamada Filato - Syria hamada.
4. A gabashin - a fili Al-Jazeera.

m ruwa

Iraki ne m jihar yawa daga cikin kogin tsarin, amma a nan ne biyu da mafi muhimmanci ruwa jijiya na Gabas ta Tsakiya - da Tigris da Euphrates. Ruwan waɗannan kõguna suna amfani das hi don bayi, kazalika don samar da makamashi. Gina a kan waɗansu kõguna cascade samar da wutar lantarki. A arewa maso yamma da biyu koguna ci a cikin guda kwarara daga Shatt al-Arab, wanda ya zo daga zuwa Persian Gulf.

Wannan waterway a ko'ina ya cika mai ɓuɓɓuga da navigable tashar. A cikin hamadar kamar yadda za ka iya sau da yawa sami wucin gadi kõguna cewa suna cike da ruwa a lokacin da hazo, amma bushe fita a bushe weather.

Yanayin damina a kasar Iraki

A jihar aka located a cikin subtropical sauyin yanayi sashi, da zafi lokacin bazaar, kuma sanyi winters. Yana gano canji na yanayi, amma sai ya furta kawai biyu: rani da kuma hunturu. Summer a Iraki yana daga farkon watan Mayu zuwa Oktoba, hunturu - daga Disamba zuwa karshen watan Maris.

Domin jihar ne halin da low ruwan sama a ko'ina cikin shekara. A lokacin bazara, suna bace gaba ɗaya, haifar da yawan jama'a na kasar Iraki kamar yadda ta yiwu a yi amfani da albarkatun ruwa na gudãna. A cikin hunturu, kashi mai lebur na ruwan sama bambanta tsakanin 50-150 mm. Motsi da arewa, da kuma sun kara da matsakaicin adadin har zuwa 1500 mm / shekara, kai a duwãtsu ba.

Snowfalls da sanyi - a rare abin da ya faru a kasar Iraki. Average Yuli zazzabi + 32 ° C - 35 ° C, da kuma talakawan Janairu - + 16 ° C - 18 ° C.

A halayyar sabon abu ga jihar - da iskõki. Ku busa zafi zafi, daga arewa maso yamma. Sun kawo tare da su girma da talakawa da yashi don ƙirƙirar yashi hadari. A lokacin da inganci na kakar - daga May zuwa Yuli. A wannan lokaci, wadannan iskõki busa kullum. A cikin hunturu, su shugabanci ne arewa-maso-gabas.

Features na Flora, fauna da ƙasa

A cikin kwari da ƙasa ne m isa, amma shi bukatar m kari ban ruwa. A nan, da mazauna yankunan da aka yafi tsunduma a aikin noma. A kudancin yankunan - m ƙasa m for girma amfanin gona. A gabacin, mafi sau da yawa swamped.

A Flora da fauna na kasar ba ba yawa. Rarraba subtropical da kuma wurare masu zafi hamada ciyayi. A dabbobi nan an samu bareyi, wurin zaman diloli, kuma taguwar hyenas. Kawo wannan nacewar m gamsheka. Kuma a cikin koguna da tabkuna da arziki a cikin kifi.

Yawan jama'a da kuma nau'i na gwamnati

A karshe ƙidaya ya nuna cewa yawan jama'a na kasar Iraki ne halin da m girma. Duk da haka, saboda da soja rikici ne, ba shakka, za su iya bambanta da cika fuska.

A mafi girma yawan mazauna yankin ne Larabawa. A kashi na su - 75%, Kurdawa - 18%, da kuma sauran 7% ne wasu (a kan Armenian Turkmens Assuriyawa et al.).

The hukuma harshe - Larabci. Rarraba kamar yadda Kurdish - ya tare da Larabci shi ne harshen. Mafi yawa daga cikin yawan jama'ar dake musulmi (95%) kuma kawai 3% - Kiristanci.

Iraki - wani tarayya shugaban jamhuriyar. A majalisar qunshi wakilan da uku al'umma na Iraqi mutane - Shi'a, Ahlus kuma Kurdawa. A kundin tsarin mulki da aka gane kawai a shekarar 2005, aka amince a cikin kasa raba gardama.

Birane da kuma ci gaban tattalin arziki a kasar Iraki

A Iraq, 6 birane da alƙarya wucewa daya mutane miliyan. Wannan, ba shakka, babban birnin kasar, Basra, An-Najaf, Erbil, da sauransu. A lardunan (governorates) ya kasu kashi gundumomi (Kazi) da kuma gundumomi (nahii). A arewa, kafa mai cin gashin kanta - Kurdish.

Saboda maimaituwa yaƙe-yaƙe, soja rikice-rikice a kasar Iraki ta tattalin arziki ne a deplorable jihar. The kawai barga reshe na masana'antu - da man fetur. Hawa "black zinariya" a jihohi makwabta.