Cystic fibrosis ne yaro: ãyõyi, cututtuka, magani

Daya daga cikin mafi tartsatsi cututtuka cewa an gaji ne cystic fibrosis. The yaro samar da pathogenic m da take kaiwa zuwa rushewa daga narkewa kamar fili, numfashi tsarin. Characteristically, cutar ne a kullum, kuma sau da yawa bayyana kanta, idan iyaye biyu da musamman m gene. Idan wani shafin tare da maye gurbi a kawai daya daga cikin iyaye, da yara ba za su gaji da cutar. Yawancin lokaci, cystic fibrosis aka bincikar lafiya a cikin shekarar farko na rai (ko ma a cikin mahaifa).

A tarihin da cutar

Cystic fibrosis a cikin yara tasowa saboda rushewa daga cikin tsarin da chromosome 7 (da ita kafada). A wannan yanayin, da gamsai a cikin jiki ya zama mafi danko sosai. An sani cewa asirin irin wannan ake rufe kusan dukkan kayan ciki. Saboda wannan surface aka moistened su, kuma ku ware, karin gamsai wanke shi. Amma idan ka faru da fadi, da danko sosai mugunya stagnates accumulates. A irin wannan yanayi, da kuma pathogenic microorganisms ninka, abu don m kamuwa da cuta. Daga bisani shafi gabobin na narkewa kamar tsarin, da kwayoyin shan wahala daga rashin oxygen. Domin da farko lokacin da yaro ya cystic fibrosis aka bayyana a cikin shekara ta 1938 ta D. Anderson. Har sai wannan lokacin, babban adadin yara mutu daga ciwon huhu da kuma sauran cututtuka da cewa suna lalacewa ta hanyar cystic fibrosis. More bayanai game da cutar da ya haifar a cikin marigayi karni na ashirin. Kusan kowace ashirin mazaunan duniya tamu - da m na cystic fibrosis gene mutating. Wannan aibi ba alaka miyagun halaye na iyaye a lokacin ganewa, tare da shan kwayoyi. Har ila yau a da kasancewar ba zai tasiri a unfavorable muhalli halin da ake ciki. Sun sha wahala daga wannan duka biyu 'yan mata da yara maza.

nau'i na cystic fibrosis

A cuta na iya samun uku na asali siffofi.

• A farko daya - huhu. Yana auku a kamar 15-20% na yawan duk lokuta. Halin da gaskiya cewa bronchi zama gidan ya toshe tare da m gamsai. Bayan wani lokaci, suna iya gaba daya gidan ya toshe. A asirce zuwa zama mai kyau kiwo ƙasa domin kwayoyin da germs. A tsawon lokaci, da huhu nama shãfe haske, zama da wuya. Cysts bayyana. Bugu da ari aiki ne na huhu kawai tabarbarewa.Idan. A mutum na iya mutuwa daga shaƙa.
• Cystic fibrosis, yaro zai iya samun, da kuma hanji form. A wannan disrupted tsarin narkewa kamar, da abinci ne talauci narkewar. Irin wannan yanayin yana sa da ci gaban ciwon sukari, peptic miki, hanta cirrhosis da sauransu. N. An samu a 5% na lokuta.
• Mafi na kowa tsari - gauraye. An kamu a 75% da marasa lafiya tare da wannan kwayoyin cutar.
• Very m (game da 1%) ya auku, da kuma atypical form.

Cystic fibrosis daga cikin huhu a yara

Wannan nau'i na cutar da ake sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin numfashi. Yawancin lokaci, bayyanar cututtuka suna bayyana a cikin jariri nan da nan. Cystic fibrosis daga cikin huhu a yara yana bayyanar cututtuka irin tari, janar wani rauni, kodadde fata. A tsawon lokaci, waye, tari, shi yana tare da a saki wani lokacin farin ciki gamsai. Broken gas canja wurin tafiyar matakai. Iya thicken da dubaru na yatsunsu. Sau da yawa yara da cystic fibrosis, da wahala daga ciwon huhu, wanda ya auku a wani fairly tsanani. numfashi nama shafi surkin jini kumburi. Ciwon huhu zama na kullum. Zai yiwu yaduwa na connective nama a cikin huhu. A tsawon lokaci, akwai lokuta bayyanar "na huhu zuciya".

Na huhu cystic fibrosis cututtuka a yara da kuma manya ne irin wannan: zemlyanistogo launin fata, kirji samun bochkopodobnuyu siffar maras kyau sauki. Har ila yau, akwai shortness na numfashi ko a sauran. Saboda akan rage ci da kuma rage nauyi na haƙuri. Duk da haka, bayyanar cututtuka zai iya bayyana yawa daga baya. Wannan shi ne - a mafi m form ga mãsu haƙuri.

Stage cystic fibrosis huhu da kwarara

Akwai da dama, saukarwa da cutar hanya.

1. A mataki na farko ne halin da bayyanar tari, yawanci bushe, kuma ba tare sputum. da nakasa daga 'ya'yan lumfashinka zai iya faruwa a wasu lokuta. A musamman alama ce ta wannan mataki shi ne cewa shi zai iya wuce ma da 'yan shekaru. (Har zuwa 10).
2. A mataki na biyu - shi ne fitowan da mashako a kullum tsari, da canji a cikin phalanges. Bayyana kasafi tari. Wannan mataki na rashin lafiya kuma yana quite lokaci mai tsawo - har zuwa shekaru 15.
3. A cikin uku mataki rikitarwa ci gaba. Takaice huhu nama, cysts bayyana. Da wannan bango, shi ne wahalar da zuciya. A tsawon lokaci da na zamani na rashin lafiya - 3-5 shekaru.
4. A karo na hudu mataki ( 'yan watanni) ne halin da wani musamman m shan kashi na numfashi tsarin, zuciya. Sakamakon ne yawanci m.

Bayyanar cututtuka na hanji cystic fibrosis

Wannan nau'i na cutar halin da gazawar a cikin narkewa kamar tsarin. Hanji cystic fibrosis a cikin wani yaro sosai a fili bayyana kanta a cikin tsawon weaning. A wannan yanayin, akwai matalauta sha na fats, sunadarai (carbohydrates ana narkewar dan kadan mafi alhẽri). Saboda ci gaban da tafiyar matakai na lalata a cikin Gut suna kafa mai guba mahadi, ta kumbura ciki. A gagarumin yawan hanji ƙungiyoyi qara. Idan kamu da "cystic fibrosis" (enteric form) a cikin 'ya'yanku kuma iya samun rectal prolapse. Sau da yawa marasa lafiya koka bushe baki. Utrudnyaetsya samun bushe abinci. Tare da kara ci gaban da cutar an rage jiki nauyi.

Cutar da ake kuma halin polyhypovitaminosis tun saboda narkewa matsaloli jiki rasa bitamin kusan dukkan kungiyoyin. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, tsokoki rasa su sautin, fata ya zama ƙasa da na roba. Daya mafi halayyar ãyõyin cystic fibrosis a cikin yara (hanji irin) - da zafi na wani daban-daban yanayi a ciki. A tsawon lokaci, yana iya zama, kuma peptic miki cutar, da kuma ciwon sukari (latent form). Haka kuma cutar rinjayar da kodan, hanta. Idan buga da hanta, da kujera zama baki. Gubobi tara a cikin jiki da kuma isa cikin jini ne a kwakwalwa. Bã su da wani mummunan sakamako a kan jijiya Kwayoyin, ci gaba encephalopathy. Har ila yau, taimaka wa sauka a hankali karuwa a baƙin ciki hanji cystic fibrosis a cikin yara. Photography pathologically ƙẽƙasasshen hanji (a giciye sashe) aka nuna a kasa.

Mixed nau'i na cutar

Wannan irin cutar halin ãyõyin biyu inhalational da hanji. Yawanci, jarirai lura mafi m da tsawo ciwon huhu, mashako. A kusan dukkan lokuta, da kuma tari ne ba. Bugu da kari, gauraye cystic fibrosis a cikin yara yana tare da bloating, stool ne yawanci a ruwa, da launi jũya kore. Akwai hulda da tsanani da cuta daga lokacin bayyanar cututtuka na farko ya bayyana. Kullum, idan na farko ãyõyi ake gano a wani wuri shekaru, da hangen nesa ne quite ya fi karfinsu.

meconium ileus

Cystic fibrosis tsokani wani karuwa a danko da kwayoyin asirin, ciki har da meconium - asali stool a yara. Wannan results a cikin blockage da hanji. Wannan nau'i na cutar ya auku a lokacin da haihuwa meconium ba tashi. The yaro ya zama m, sau da yawa regurgitates (ko da tare da bile impurities). Bugu da ari, akwai bloating, fata ya zama kodadde. Bugu da ari cututtuka da kwarara taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa jariri muhimmanci rage motor aiki (idan ba haka ba ya tsaya). Dalilin wannan yanayin ne babu trypsin. Meconium ileus ne quite m kuma na bukatar m baki.

ganewar asali da cutar

Ganewar asali cystic fibrosis a cikin yara ya hada da nunawa ga hereditary da nakasar munanan. Har ila yau, jini gwajin, fitsari da kuma sputum sallama. Wayoyi da kuma coprogram. Yana ba ka damar sanin gaban inclusions na mai a tumbi da yaro. Gudanar da bincike da kuma numfashi tsarin (radiography, bronchography, bronchoscopy). Dole kuma spirometry, kamar yadda shi damar zuwa kimanta da aikin jiha daga cikin huhu. Idan ka zargin wani cystic fibrosis (cututtuka a yara ba bayyana kanta) gudanar da kwayoyin bincike. Suna taimaka tsayar da kasancewar wani gene maye gurbi cewa shi ne alhakin da secretory aiki da kwayoyin. Neonatal neonatal nunawa aka yi (trypsin maida hankali ne a bincika a wani bushe jini tabo). Shi ne m isa da kuma gumi gwajin. Idan tukunya saukar sodium ions, chlorine a wani ƙara adadin, shi ne zai yiwu in yi magana da wanzuwar cutar da wani babban yiwuwa. Idan mace, a cikin abin da iyali sun mutane da ganewar asali "cystic fibrosis", da tsammanin wani yaro, da likitocin da bayar da shawarar da nazarin ruwar a shekaru na game 18-20 makonni.

lura da cystic fibrosis

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mu rabu da cuta ne ba zai yiwu ba. Duk da haka, far iya muhimmanci inganta ingancin rayuwa da kuma ta duration. A baya can, da yawa marasa lafiya da irin wannan ganewar asali na mutuwa kafin shekaru 20 da shekaru. Yanzu, duk da haka, da ta dace da kuma dace magani iya zama da muhimmanci ba. Hanji nau'i na bukatar na musamman rage cin abinci. Abinci ya zama mai arziki a cikin gina jiki (kifi, qwai). Bugu da ƙari nada da kuma hadadden bitamin. Kuma da ake bukata liyafar enzymes ( "Creon", "pantsitrat", "Festal" et al.). Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa wadannan kwayoyi ya kamata a dauka cikin ransa. Gaskiyar cewa maganin yana ba da sakamakon za nuna daidaita stool, nauyi asara da kuma rashin ko da girma. Ciki zafi bace, da kuma a cikin tumbi ba gano hada da kitse.

Lokacin da na huhu magani nau'i na cutar da ake bukata da zai sauƙaƙe liquefaction na sputum da Bronchial mayar aiki ( "Mukosolvin", "Mukaltin"). Yana da matukar muhimmanci a lura da na huhu cystic fibrosis a hana ci gaban dauke da kwayar cutar matakai a cikin huhu. Good sakamako da kuma musamman numfashi bada. Ya kamata a yi a kai a kai. Domin lura za a iya gudanar da maganin rigakafi. Manta game da cutar ga wani babba lokaci taimaka da irin wannan m hanya, a matsayin dasawa na huhu. Duk da haka, shi yana da nasa drawbacks: hadarin kin amincewa, gwamnatin kwayoyi da hana tsarin na rigakafi. Bugu da kari, da mãsu haƙuri ya kamata a mai basira mai kyau da yanayin jiki. Mafi yawan waɗannan transplants yi waje.

Yabo sanya ga marasa lafiya da cystic fibrosis

Doctors bayar da shawarar karfi cewa marasa lafiya tare da wannan ganewar asali yi dace vaccinations da whooping tari, da kuma irin cututtuka. Yana da muhimmanci a kawar da yuwuwar allergens: Pet dander, matasan kai, kuma bargo, daga wani tsuntsu gashin tsuntsu. Haka kuma an tsananin haramta wa m shan taba. Irin wannan ganewar asali na bukatar a dima jiki magani daga yara. Idan mataki na tsanani da cuta ne ba m, da yaro da halartar makaranta, wasanni kulake, yana da wani fairly aiki salon. Jiyya na cystic fibrosis a cikin yara shekaru a karkashin shekara guda da ya shafi yin amfani da musamman garwayayye (Dietta Karin, Dietta Plus). Bugu da kari, da bukatar kara da guda kashi na 1.5 sau. Bugu da ya gabatar a cikin baby ta rage cin abinci ne a kananan adadin gishiri (wannan yana da muhimmanci a lokacin rani).

Musamman hankali ya kamata ka yi haƙuri menu. Ya kamata ya zama mai arziki a cikin kitse (cream, man shanu, nama) a matsayin sha na gina jiki da karya. Ana shayar da kuma bukatar m. Yana da daraja ambaton cewa shan enzyme shirye-shirye da ake bukata kullum. Bugu da kari ga asali magani za a iya amfani, da kuma na gargajiya far. Facilitates expectoration ganye kamar marshmallow, uwa-da-uwar rana. Good sakamako a kan narkewa kamar tsarin da Dandelion, elecampane. Kuma muhimmanci mai da ake amfani da inhalations (lavender, Basil, da ɗaɗɗoya). Har ila yau, da amfani da kuma kutta kayayyakin kamar zuma.

kintace

Abin baƙin ciki, da rayuwar jama'a ga wani ba da ganewar asali ne ba sosai high. A kan talakawan, marasa lafiya rayuwa ga game da shekaru 30 (a Rasha), ko har zuwa 40 ko fiye (kasashen waje). Duk da haka, dace ganewar asali da kuma dace magani muhimmanci inganta haƙuri da yanayin. A mafi unfavorable hangen nesa - a farkon manifestations cystic fibrosis (a jarirai). Amma da aka sani, kuma wani hali inda wani haƙuri da irin wannan cuta rayu fiye da shekaru 70. Wannan bambanci a rayuwa expectancy a Rasha da kuma sauran kasashe saboda da kudi al'amari. Kasashen waje marasa lafiya sami rai-dogon support na jihar. Saboda wannan da za su iya kai wata al'ada rayuwa, su koyi, don ƙirƙirar wani iyali da kuma da 'ya'ya. Amma Rasha ba zai iya mayalwaci samar da marasa lafiya da zama dole magunguna (da wannan enzyme shirye-shirye, da kuma musamman maganin rigakafi, da kuma mucolytics). Kawai iyaka adadin yara sama free kula da lafiya, da kuma zama dole magani. Marasa lafiya da zama a na musamman da asusun na dukan ransa. Don ware da ya faru na da irin wannan cuta ya kamata shawarci mai jini a wani mataki na ciki shiryawa.

M tips for iyaye

A yawa wallafe tsara don tallafawa iyaye wanda yaro ne yake shan wahala daga cystic fibrosis. Da farko, ba su tsoro. Muna bukatar samun matsayin mai yawa bayanai game da cutar domin yadda ya kamata taimaka da yaro don shawo kan nasa sakamakon. Yana da muhimmanci a kai a kai tunatar da shi na ta soyayya.

Cutar muhimmanci rinjayar ba kawai da yanayin jiki, amma kuma wasu har a wani tunanin. Saboda haka, da matsaloli ba za a iya kauce masa (duk da haka, suna ba da a cikin tarbiyyar yara masu lafiya). Wasu magudi za a iya dogara da wani sashe kuma ƙarami haƙuri. Masana sun ce cewa yayin da yara ba ne kawai koyi da rashin lafiya, amma kuma kula da kansu, mafi alhẽri ji.

Iyaye bai ji shi kadai a yaki da cystic fibrosis, kana bukatar ka sadarwa tare da iyalansu, wanda fuskanci irin wannan matsala. Yana za a iya yi, kuma na musamman Internet forums. Akwai yawa kudi, ba za su iya juya su duka biyu m da kuma taimakon kudi. Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa irin wannan ganewar asali - ba a jumla. Mutane da yawa da suka shahara da shan wahala daga kwayoyin cuta, amma wannan bai hana su yi nasara a rayuwa. Singer Gregory Lemarchal, comic actor Bob Flanagan (rayu har zuwa shekara 43) - wadannan su ne kawai wasu misalai na yadda za mu rayu da kuma girma da irin wannan ganewar asali. Bugu da kari, magani ba ya tsaya har yanzu: a duniya nazari a kan gene far na cystic fibrosis a Amurka. Idan, duk da haka, mu jimre wa da motsin zuciyarmu wuya, za ka iya ko da yaushe nemi taimako daga wani psychologist.