Mene ne Lorentz karfi

Mene ne Lorentz karfi? Tunanin wani irin yanayi da cewa tunaninsa Tilas line tsanani na electromagnetic filin. Idan ka sanya a cikin wannan yanki na wani wutar lantarki (da shi zai iya zama a matsayin na farko barbashi da kuma wani caji jiki), sa'an nan za a ba da tasiri na F, da ake kira "Lorentz karfi". Daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da - shi ne gaban barbashi hanzari. A wasu kalmomin, da cajin ne m. Akwai dabara domin lamba tabbatar da dalilin da halin yanzu da darajar:

F = Q * (E + ((1 / c) * v) * B),

inda Q - cajin. E - tsanani da lantarki filin. B - Magnetic filin ƙarfi. v - gudu daga cikin barbashi ɗauke da cajin. c - akai gudun haske.

Wannan shi ne kawai daya daga cikin wakilci. Akwai karin hadaddun rubuta shi, kyale domin sanin abin da yake cikin Lorentz karfi, da shugabanci vectors da su capabilities ana kuma hada.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga (kuma gani daga dabarbari), shi ne ya zama wajibi motsi. Gaskiyar cewa cajin motsi saboda da hulda da filin akwai da EMF (electromotive karfi). Kuma shi ba kome abin da yanayin da tasiri, wajen qaddamar da motsi (nauyi, zargin aiki a kan juna da sauransu.).

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran ayyuka, da Lorentz karfi ne kai tsaye dangantaka tare da karshe na Lenz da kuma batun ta dokoki. Ka tuna da jigon na karshen. A mataki exerted da electromotive da karfi a kan dabba ba a kanta cajin a cikin filin, ko da yaushe daidaitacce a cikin irin wannan hanya (da shi ne a vector yawa), su hana duk wani canje-canje a cikin hanzari.

Daya iya cewa Lorentz karfi ne m da Coulomb hulda da zargin da biyu ƙarin aka gyara dangantaka da motsi na - musababin Magnetic da lantarki filin ƙarfi. Yawanci, ga bayani na matakai amfani da wadannan model: a wani Magnetic filin tare da shigar da vectors B akwai wani sashi shugaba tsawon L kuma gicciye-bangaranci yanki S, bayan da ta lantarki I. Last kai tsaye dogara da yawa Q na cajin yan dako ta hanyar wucewa a naúrar girma ga wani takamaiman lokaci ( watau, a gudun v). Saboda haka, bukata karfi (Lorentz) ne rabo na waje karfi, wani tasiri a kan kowane cajin jigilar kayayyaki a wani ba girma da yawan cajin conductors.

Idan muka yi la'akari da vector yawa, da Lorentz karfi ne ko da yaushe directed perpendicular zuwa shugabanci da kuma gudun shigar da. Abu ne mai sauqi sanin da fuskantarwa, idan muka yi amfani da sanannun hagu-hand mulki. Don yin wannan, wajen tunani da tafin hannunsa na hagu a sanya gaba ga shugaba dõmin hudu yatsunsu nuna shugabanci a cikinsa lantarki halin yanzu gudana, da kuma vector na shigar da filin da aka directed perpendicular zuwa dabino. A sakamakon babban yatsa (dama kwana tare da sauran) zai nuna wa karfi vector yi a kan zargin. Daya daga cikin siffofin da wannan karfi shi ne cewa shi ya canjãwa kawai da shugabanci na gudu vector na kowane daga cikin caje barbashi, alhãli kuwa ba canza makamashi na motsi (sanadin motsi makamashi).

Bayan wani lokaci bayan bude da aka samu, da kuma yin amfani da Lorentz karfi. Daya daga cikin shahararrun - shi ne ta bayyana a cikin Hall sakamako. Saboda da shi a cikin wannan biya diyya abu ya faru, da kuma bayyanar m cajin a kan conductive farantin (kintinkiri). A Hall sakamako ne yadu amfani a cikin daban-daban ma'auni na'urorin da kuma masu auna sigina. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura shi ne da manufa na aiki Crt Crt cewa yana amfani da deflection sakamako directional Magnetic filin a kan motsi caje barbashi jefarwa da wayoyin ( "bindigogi") ga electrons mai rufi phosphor surface an deflected zuwa maki wanda tsarawa an san daidai saboda da hulda filin Lines da cajin motsi barbashi .