Cuckoo chick: description, photos. Me kuma a cikin abin da sheƙarsu da cuckoo kayansa mãsu qwai?

A wannan labarin, za ka koyi game da matukar mamaki tsuntsu cewa ta mamaki m hali ne daban-daban daga sauran tsuntsaye. Yana da wani cuckoo, wani sananne cewa shi kayansa mãsu ta qwai ko jefa a cikin sheƙarsu na sauran tsuntsaye.

Sai dai itace cewa ta kajin ciyar da cikakken baki, "adoptive" iyaye. Irin wannan halayya da aka kira gida parasitism. Kuma kowanne daga wadannan tsuntsaye jefa ta qwai a cikin sheƙarsu ne jinsunan tsuntsaye da cewa ita kanta amfani da za a breastfed.

Game da su fasali, cewa a cikin abin da cuckoo ta gida da kuma kayansa mãsu qwai da suke ta kajin fiye da suka ci, za ka iya koyi da karanta wannan labarin. Amma kafin mu bayar da bayani game da janar su.

Mutane da yawa san cewa duk da kula da 'ya'yansu, da mace cuckoo motsi a kan wani kafadu, sai su yi magana, iyakance search for dan hanya sheƙarsu shirya da kuma jefa su a cikin su qwai.

Chick cuckoo kira? Cuckoo. Shi ke nan game da shi da kuma za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

Janar bayani game da cuckoo

Jinsuna daban na cuckoos ne daban-daban masu girma dabam. Mafi yawan tsuntsaye na ga iyali na cuckoo, da nauyi ne kawai 100 grams, da kuma tsawon na jiki ba fiye da arba'in santimita.

Amma ga duk mambobi na wannan iyali suna halin da fairly dogon wutsiya, da karfi kafafu da kuma na bakin ciki jiki. A wutsiya ne yawanci ba sosai mai haske launi. Kuma jima'i dimorphism a canza launi ko talauci ɓullo da ko ba ya nan.

Babu cuckoos kawai a cikin Arctic da Antarctic. Amma a general, yankin na rarraba su m fadin duniya, musamman na son su dumi kasashen. Wasu jinsunan zaune a temperate latitudes, mafi yawansu - migratory, da kuma sauran - zaunar.

description

Kafin mu gano abin da yake cikin cuckoo chick, bayyana wa mahaifansa biyu.

Cuckoo size dan kadan karami fiye da tattabara. Maza da mãtã da mafi yawan ash-m shugaban da babba jiki. Kasa yana da wani striated launi ( "shaho" type). Akwai mãtã suke m-m canza launi daga cikin manya sashi na jiki. A wutsiya ne quite dogon - har zuwa 15-19 cm, da kuma fikafikai girma har zuwa 20-30 santimita. A wannan batun, kuma ga alama a manyan cuckoo tsuntsu, musamman a cikin jirgin. A gaskiya, shi ne kananan, kuma da nauyi ne kawai 120 grams (matsakaicin).

Don ƙarin bayani a kan abin da ya ƙunshi wani cuckoo chick (ga photo. Ƙasa), za a iya samu daga baya a cikin wannan labarin.

An yi imani da cewa cuckoo - a matsakaici-sized tsuntsaye: da karami jinsunan kawai dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da wani sparrow, da kuma babbar - kamar cara. Bã su da wani m wutsiya, da cancantar zuwa cikin jiki. Amma wajen weakly ɓullo da fluff.

Elongated gashinsa tibia a waɗannan tsuntsaye samar da wata irin "wando". Fikafikan mafi mambobi ne na iyali na dogon da kaifi (primary jirgin gashinsa 10 kawai, mafi tsawo na wanda - da uku).

Tako dogon wutsiya ne yawanci 10 wutsiya gashinsa. Tetradigitate kafafu cuckoos takaice.

Sun cuckoo (chick) daga haihuwa zumunta yana da wani karin ruwan kasa launi daga cikin manya jiki, kamar yadda mai mulkin, tare da tsatsa ja ratsi ƙetare. Tail tare da wani farin tip na Cuckoo, yayin da mace suna da wani duhu ja stripe a gefen.

Sauti na namiji fitarda wani "cuckoo", wani lokacin juya cikin wani maras ban sha'awa ruri. Domin mace daga cikin wannan hali bayyana sauti "cus-cus-cus". Yawanci cuckoo cuckoo ba fiye da sau goma a jere.

game da jinsunan

Yawan ƙaƙaf kukushek kamar 150 nau'in a 39 danginsu tattara abubuwa masu kyau. Sun kasu kashi 2 suborders: real Cuckoo dauke daya iyali kukushek da Turaco dauke daya iyali Turaco (ko bananoedy).

Mafi yawa daga cikin mambobi na iyali - Bishiyoyi. Su rai faruwa a kambi na itatuwa da sarƙaƙƙiya. Daga cikin su akwai jinsuna, manyan terrestrial rayuwa. Su yi sheƙarsu aka gina a kan ƙasa.

Mutane da yawa cuckoo - monogamous. A lokacin kiwo kakar, sai suka samar da wani biyu, kada gina sheƙarsu, incubate da qwai da kuma ciyar da su matasa.

Game da 50 jinsin - polygamous, wanda a fili bayyana gida parasitism.

Mutane kan tambaye, "Me na cuckoo jefa ta kajin?" Sai dai itace cewa shi ne halayyar kawai ga cuckoo-polygamy.

mazauninsu, salon

Wannan cuckoo gida a ƙasar, daga Ingila zuwa kasar Japan da kuma Kamchatka, mamaye kusan dukan Rasha ƙasa daga yamma zuwa gabas. A arewa, a cikin Turai ɓangare na kasar, yankin na rarraba wannan tsuntsu zo zuwa ga Arctic Circle, kuma ko da dan kadan kara. Kamar yadda na kudancin, a yankin Cuckoo "haye" iyakar jihar, kai Asia Ƙananan da kuma Arewacin Afrika.

Bird zaune a tundra da kuma Semi-Hamada, da ciwon zaba shrubs, gandun daji da kuma dutsen Elfin. Yana ciyarwa a kan wani iri-iri na kwari (taimaka a halakar sets of m caterpillars wanda sauran tsuntsaye yawanci ba su ci). Game da abin da ya ciyar da cuckoo chick, za a iya samu a kasa.

gida parasitism

Muhimmanci da kuma ban sha'awa siffa daga cikin cuckoo ne podkladyvanie qwai a cikin wani gida na tsuntsaye da sauran jinsunan. A daidai wannan lokaci na kulawa da incubating da kuma m rearing na zuriyarka sun shige a kan su "dauki reno iyaye". Ta yaya wannan ya faru? A wannan daga baya.

Cuckoos sa su qwai a yi sheƙarsu wasu. Kuma ga cewa mace daukan wani yanki na ƙasar, inda shi ya dubi ga dace tsuntsu gidaje. Akwai cuckoo, wanda su ne mafi yawa jacks White Wagtails, wasu - kamyshevok sheƙarsu, da sauransu -. Skates, da dai sauransu A cewar masana kimiyya, da cuckoo ne zuwa kashi a irin "nazarin halittu iyalansu," saba parasitize a wasu jinsunan kananan tsuntsaye.

Kusan duk mambobi ne na iyalin rayuwa a gabashin yammancin duniya, kuma a yamma live monogamous. Na farko, kamar yadda ka tuna, kada ya samar da wata biyu: daya yankin, akwai daya mace kuma da dama maza, kasa da rabo daga baya ya faru.

A parasitic jinsunan da qwai ne sosai kananan size, su ne dan kadan ya fi qwai da yawa kananan tsuntsaye, wadda gida a cikin hedkwatarsu da kuma jefa. Kuma wani nau'i na zane, su ne ma sosai kamar irin waɗanda na rundunar qwai ko tsuntsaye quite a bit daban-daban.

Wanne gida da cuckoo kayansa mãsu qwai?

A Turai na Rasha, wadannan fukin tsuntsu jħfa qwai a yi sheƙarsu da dama dozin jinsunan: wani kankanin wren, da wren, nightingales, swifts, da dai sauransu jefa up "adoptees" da kuma sparrows ..

Daban-daban na cuckoo da yawan jefa qwai. Alal misali, tufted ganyen 'yan qwai a daya gida zaba ta hanyar da shi, da kuma talakawa - daya kawai. Kuma suka yi shi a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin su sa su qwai kai tsaye a cikin soket rundunar, da kuma sauran - a ƙasa, sa'an nan canjawa wuri zuwa cikin baki. A kakar wasa daya shi ne parasitic jinsin sa 10-25 qwai.

Features

Cuckoo qwai ne daban-daban a duk jinsin, saboda mace ciki daban-daban hereditary Lines. Kowace daga cikinsu ake dangantawa da wani irin tsuntsu rundunar, don haka qwai an aza daidai launi. Akwai wani ban sha'awa aya. Girma dan kadan cuckoo a cikin gida Firaministan da sauran kajin wanda iyayensa ci gaba da ciyar da foundling.

Dangane da yankin ta mazauninsu da kuma tsuntsu-masu da cuckoos iya zama daban-daban. A Turai na da shi a cikin ta farko wuri redstart, wagtails, warblers da shrikes-Tathagata. su kiwo lokaci - daga May zuwa Yuli.

Cuckoo chick: photos, bayanin

Just aka haife kukushata sau da yawa sama-sama kama kajin gida Runduna. Kuma da murya na nestlings parasitic cuckoos yawanci kama da murya na matasa masu. Kajin da cikakken duk cuckoos aka haifa makãho da tsirara.

Tayi, warmed m hen an tasowa quite hanzari. Cuckoo chick fita daga cikin kwai bayan 12 days, cewa shi ne a baya fiye da mafi kajin na kananan tsuntsaye. A ci gaba da ya da sauri ta riske 'yan qasar yara na dauki reno iyaye.

Abin ban mamaki kusan nan da nan bayan Hatching (10-12 hours) a cuckoo akwai wani musamman bukatar jefa fita daga cikin gida daban-daban abubuwa da cewa shãfe bãya (tsirara fata yana da yawa sosai m jijiya endings). Idan ba zato ba tsammani da foundling baya samun dumi kwai da riga stirring chick, cuckoo, ajiye shi a cikin sacral tsagi kuma rike da fikafikansu, rarrafe zuwa gefen gida su jefa shi ƙasa. Yana kuma iya zo da kananan chick.

gangara-on

A cikin duka, a lokacin farko 3-4 kwanaki na rayuwa, a lokacin da chick bayyana kamar reflex, da cuckoo chick (soma yaro) da aka fita daga cikin gida game da 10 qwai, ko ma duk masu kajin. Yawancin lokaci iyayensu Pups ana ciyar ne kawai a cikin nests, don haka yara mutu jefa.

A dukan brood daga cikin rundunar tsuntsaye yawanci kasance a yanki daya, idan ka jefa, har a cuckoo kwai a gida tare da hatched riga kwanciya, saboda shi yana farawa tsayar da tare da su a cikin girma. Sa'an nan kana da wani da wuya sosai iyaye su ciyar da haka mutane da yawa bakinsu.

Cuckoo a cikin gida gaba daya shiru. A kadan daga baya ya fara wuya abinci, m amo irin na jemage. Kuma bayan barin gida, ya squeaks, racking ya adoptive iyaye.

Very m hoto ya dubi lokacin da kusa manyan tare da m launin gashi riga tashi cuckoo kullum Fussing biyu kananan tsuntsaye, kamar warblers da flycatchers. da photo a kasa za ka ga, shi ya dubi kamar cuckoo chick da cewa ciyar da tsuntsaye da dukan sojojin wani irin.

Kukushonok haka yadu ya buɗe bakinsa, shi ya ba da alama cewa ya iya hadiye wani tsuntsu tare da caterpillars. Sau da yawa akwai irin wannan hoton: tsuntsu zaune a kan kafadu da saman cuckoo baba cikin bakinsa abinci, sa'an nan kuma cikin sauri don ganima.

ikon cuckoos

Wadannan tsuntsaye ciyar a kan abinci na musamman dabba. Yawanci, samarwa da yake faruwa shrubs, da itatuwa, da kuma kadan kasa daga ƙasa. Sai ya faru da cewa sun kama kwari a kan gardama a cikin iska, wanda yana da kyau saba bakinsu m.

Dalili na da ikon da mafi yawan jinsunan cuckoos da dama na kwari da su larvae. Kadan suka ci sauran kwaro (msl, gizo-gizo).

Akwai jinsunan cuckoos (mafi yawa na wurare masu zafi), ciyar a kan tsuntsu qwai da kuma nestlings, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa da dabbobi masu rarrafe.

Kuma cewa cin cuckoo kajin? Matasa kukushata bambanta mamaki voracity. San na daya hali inda wani sosai matasa baby tsuntsu na jinsin renon a cikin wani keji, ya ci abinci da rana 39 manyan kore fara ne kawai, 18 kadangaru, 3 pupae na butterflies, 5 larvae na irin ƙwaro a watan Mayu, 43 caterpillars na kabeji, 4 gizo-gizo, 50 tsutsotsi na gari da kuma babban yawan "qwai "tururuwa.

ban sha'awa facts

• Nestling sosai picky game da ciyar, don haka matsi ga. Yana yakan faru ne cewa shi an ciyar da ba kawai "adoptive" iyaye, amma sauran tsuntsaye.

• A cuckoo yana da daban-daban kama sunayen a wasu ƙasashe: Bulgarians kira shi "kukovitsey" a Romania yada kalmar "Cook", da Jamus kira shi "kukukom" Czechs - "kukachkoy", Faransa da ake kira "kuki", da kuma Italiya - " Cucolo ".

• A launi daga cikin cuckoo mafi yawa guda kamar yadda a Sparrowhawk. Zai yiwu shi ne wani daidaituwa, domin godiya ga wannan cuckoo iya fitar da tafi daga gida masu.

• tutors matasa cuckoos ne mafi sau da yawa da redstart da warbler.

ƙarshe

Duk da irin wannan siffa da aka bayyana da tsuntsaye, an dauke da amfani. The kawai ba haka ba kyau abu ne cewa, amai, a wani ta gida su qwai da kuma kiran a cikin wannan dangane da mutuwar kajin masu, cuckoo ya aikata wasu lalacewa, lalata amfani insectivorous tsuntsaye.

Akwai wurare inda da yawa daga rayuwar cuckoo, dangane da wanda ya faru wani lokacin cewa warbler a lokacin rani ba su dauki wani daga cikin chick. Yana da dukan da dabaru na iyaye mata da kuma cuckoo kajin kansu. Bi da bi, wannan voracious tsuntsu na bazara da ke halaka mai girma da yawa cutarwa caterpillars (misali, m), wanda yawanci ba su taba kananan tsuntsaye. Wannan amfani aiki, ba tare da wani shakka, cikin cuckoo maida hankali ne akan lalacewar ta wurin sa parasitism a sheƙarsu na sauran kananan tsuntsaye.