Cornea Eyes - daya daga cikin sassan mafi muhimmanci na idon mutum

Ɗaya daga cikin sassan mafi muhimmanci a cikin ido na mutum shine canea, wanda zai kare shi daga lalacewa da cututtuka. Duk da haka, ita kanta tana da matukar damuwa, a ƙarƙashin cututtuka daban-daban.

Hannun ido na ido yana kare ɓangaren gefensa kuma shi ne fuskar ido mai tsayi a cikin ido; Bai ƙunshi jinin da ake buƙata don ciyar da kayan jikin mutum ba, ya bambanta da homogeneity. Don qualitatively refract haske, da cornea bukatar ya zama m, gaban ko da sosai kananan tasoshin za ta tsoma baki tare da wannan tsari. A Refractive cornea na ido ne 43 diopters. Yawancin abinci yana samuwa ne daga hawaye da ruwan danshi a ɗakin ɗakin.

Gine-gizen ido idan aka kwatanta shi da gilashin agogon da aka saka a cikin filayen, tun lokacin da ake da katarin gine-ginen kanta ya fi girma fiye da launi na sclera. Gine-gine na ido ya ƙunshi layuka guda biyar kowanne yana da aikinsa mai muhimmanci: epithelium, harsashi Descemet, Layman's Layer, endothelium, stroma.

Layer na baya - da epithelium - an samo shi ne daga sassan kullun polyhedral. Kashi na gaba shi ne Layman Layer - wani nau'in ma'auni marar iyaka. A gaskiya, ainihin abinda ake kira cornea an kira shi stroma, yana kunshe da nau'in launi na haɗin kai wanda ya fi dacewa da juna, yana dauke da fibrils mafi kyau. Matsayin da wani wakili na gluing shi ne mucoid, wanda ya ƙunshi acid sulfogyaluronic, wanda ya tabbatar da gaskiyar da ke ciki. Stroma ba ya ƙunshi jini kuma an mayar da hankali sannu a hankali. Rubutun takalmin, ko membrane, wani abu ne na baya, mai tsananin gaske, farantin iyakoki, da fibrils wanda ya hada da wani abu na musamman wanda yake da alaka da collagen; Yana farfadowa sosai. Endothelium (ko na karshe epithelium na cornea) wani launi ne na sel masu tsinkaye a fili wanda ke kusa da juna. Wannan Layer yana da alhakin nuna gaskiyar gine-gine kuma ba a sake dawowa ba.

Hakanan ya hada da 80% da ruwa, haɓaka mai kashi 18%, kimanin 2% mucopolysaccharides, lipids, sunadarai, bitamin C, B, da dai sauransu. A cikin tsofaffi, canea yana dauke da bitamin da ƙasa da yawa, Kuma kuma adana lipids da salin salts. Sakamakon wadannan sauye-sauye shine canji a cikin sauyawa na gine-ginen (limbus) zuwa sclera - layuka na sclera za su fara "motsawa" a kan abin da ke ciki kuma akwai wani karamin sutura wanda ake kira "senile arc". Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi muhimmanci rage permeability to ido saukad da, man shafawa da kuma gina jiki.

Halin hankali na ƙwayar ido (innervation) tare da jijiyar cututtuka. Musamman magunguna masu yawa a cikin farfajiya, a kalla duka - a cikin endothelium. A jariri jarirai, cornea ne m saboda bai cika raya girman jijiyoyi, da kuma a cikin shekaru na shekara guda, ta ji na ƙwarai ne kusan guda kamar yadda a cikin manya.

Saboda gaskiyar cewa cornon shine ƙananan kwaskwar ido, yana tuntuɓar lamarin waje. Saboda haka, akwai hanyoyin musamman don kare kariya daga cututtukan waje da cutarwa masu rauni:

1. Reflex ƙulli na ido;
2. Yarda da gefen ƙin dabbar da ke haɗari da taimakon hawaye;
3. Azumi da cikakken dawo da epithelium.

Babban cututtukan layinin ne: raunin ci gaba, dystrophic da inflammatory processes (sclerites, keratitis) da kuma ciwon sukari.

Daga cikin cututtuka, ƙurar ƙwayar bakin ciki ko keratitis yakan kasance mafi sau da yawa. Keratites sun kasance masu ban mamaki da kuma m. Sau da yawa bayan da keratitis ya canzawa akwai girgije na gine-gine na ido na matsayi daban-daban na tsanani. Da tsananin tsananin turbidity da girmansa, akwai hazari a cikin ciki, spots da girgije. Belmo ne mai tsauri mai karfi na idon ido, wadda ta haifar da canji, ta zama wani ɓangare daga cikin abin da ke ciki na kogin ko dai cikin dukan abin da yake ciki. Hanya ita ce girgiza mai tsanani mai tsanani na layinin tare da raƙuman gefe a gefen gefe ko a tsakiyar. Girgijen yana girgizaccen iskar launin toka wanda ba'a gani a lokacin da aka duba shi.