Conquista (hukuncin da baya - daga Spanish La Conquista - "ci") da ake kira New World ci ko mulkin mallaka na nahiyar Amirka ta Spain, wanda dade daga 1492 zuwa 1898, lokacin da {asar Amirka, ya ci Spain, ya ɗauke ta ta zuwa Cuba, Puerto Rico. Saboda haka conquistador - mai nasara na Spanish ko Portuguese America, memba na hukuncin.
A haƙiƙa abubuwan da ake bukata
America, wanda da Spanish Open a 1492. Columbus aka dauke bangare na Asiya, ya zama "ƙasar alkawari" saboda mutane da yawa matalauta Spanish noblemen, ƙaramin 'ya'yansa maza, wanda daga mahaifinsa gādonsa da Spanish dokar ba perepadalo dinari, garzaya zuwa New World. Tare da shi aka yi shirki mahaukaci fatan na enrichment. Legends game da shahararre Eldorado (kasa na zinariya da duwatsu masu daraja) da kuma paititi (mythical bata gari na zinariya na Incas) circled fiye da daya shugaban. Mutane da yawa abubuwan da ake bukata ya faru a wancan lokaci a cikin Yaren Kasar Larabawa, taimaka don tabbatar da cewa dubbai (600 dubbai. Kawai Spanish), da mazaunan koma Amurka. Sabon isa Turawa kãma m expanses of California ga Rio de la Plata estuary (mikewa 290 km mazurari-dimbin yawa ciki sakamakon hadakar da m koguna da Uruguay, da Parana, shi ne a sararin, musamman ruwa tsarin a kudu maso gabashin Kudancin Amirka).
The line na babban nasara
A sakamakon da ci aka kama kusan dukkan South America da kuma wani ɓangare na Arewa, ciki har da Mexico. Conquistador - wani majagaba wanda, ba tare da wani taimako daga jihar don accede zuwa Spain da Portugal babbar, sararin ƙasa. Mafi shahara Spanish conquistador Marquis (a suna da ya samu daga sarki a godiya) Hernan Cortes (1485-1547), wanda ya ci da yaki Mexico, halitta a bridgehead ga kara kama nahiyar baki daya daga Alaska zuwa Tierra del Fuego, a dama ne daya daga cikin mafi girma da nasara, matsayi, tare da Tamerlane, Aleksandrom Makedonskim, Napoleon, Suvorov da Attila. Conquistador - shi ne na farko, kuma farkon jarumi. A Spain a cikin XV karni ƙare reconquista (reconquest) - mai dogon tsari, wanda dade kusan takwas ƙarni, da kwato cikin Yaren Kasar Larabawa ta Arab invaders. Daga kasuwanci ta bar yawa sojoji, wanda ba zai iya rayuwa mai zaman lafiya da rai.
Buxe bangaren hukuncin
Daga cikin su ya isa adventurers suka saba da rayuwa ta ZAMBA Larabawa yawan jama'a. Bugu da kari, shi ne lokacin babban Gwargwadon binciken.
A ƙasashe masu nisa tafi zuwa ga ci na mutane da aka warware daga cikin coci (da Inquisition har yanzu karfi) da kuma sarauta da iko (akwai haddi biya zuwa Crown). The masu sauraro garzaya zuwa New World, ya sosai promiscuous. Kuma da yawa suka gaskata da cewa conquistador - shi ne a mafi yawan lokuta wani mai kasada. Sosai kome game da hukuncin, kamar yadda wani dalili, shi ya sa, da kuma haruffa da mutane suka shiga tafiya ko tilasta gudanar da shi daga an aka bayyana a cikin tarihi da labari na Argentine marubuci Enrico Laretty "Tsarki ya tabbata daga Don Ramiro."
Kullum, wannan babban shafi na tarihin batun da yawa wallafe-wallafen da ayyuka, wasu daga wanda romanticized images of da conquistadors, la'akari da su, su zama wa'azi a asashen waje, wasu gabatar da su kawo a cikin kasancewa da aljannu. A karshen hada da Popular kasada-tarihi labari "Daughter of Montezuma" Henry shaw Hoggarda.
A heroes na ci
The shugaban ko da babban Portuguese ko Spanish conquistador mai suna admiral. Wadannan sun hada da irin wa annan shugabanni kamar yadda aka ambata a riga Hernan Cortes. A duka Yucatan Larabawa da aka ci nasarar da Francisco de Montejo. A Pacific Coast ta Kudu Amurka da aka ci nasarar da Vasco Nunez de Balboa. Inca daular, Tahuantinsuyo farkon aji jihar, da most a yankin da kuma yawan Indians, ya hallaka Fransisko Pissaro. Spanish conquistador Diego De Almagro a haɗe zuwa da kambi na Peru, Chile, da kuma Isthmus of Panama. Diego Velaskes de Cuéllar, Pedro De Valdeviya, Pedro Alvarado, G. H. Kesada kuma bar ƙwaƙwalwar a cikin tarihi na ci na New World.
da mummunan sakamakon
Conquistadors sau da yawa zargi domin lalata da 'yan asalin yawan of America. Ko da yake kai tsaye kisan kare dangi ba, da farko saboda kananan yawan Turawa, rashin lafiya, ka kawo su a babban yankin, da kuma m annoba aikata su datti hali. A ailments adventurers kawo sosai daban-daban. Da tarin fuka da kuma kyanda, typhus, annoba da smallpox, mura da kuma sarki mugunta - shi ne ba da cikakken jerin kyautai na wayewa. Idan wani kabilar Aztecs kafin hukuncin ma'aikata 20 da mutane miliyan, sun bi daya bayan daya, annoba da kuma smallpox shafe mafi yawan mazauni. Wani mummunan annoba ta girgiza Mexico. Saboda haka mamaya conquistadors su kai wani babban bangare na Amurka, ya kawo nasara da mutãnensu, ba kawai da ilimi, Kiristanci da mulkin gargajiya tsarin al'umma. Suka kawo butulci aborigines Pandora ta akwatin a cikin abin da dukan zunuban da kuma cututtuka na al'ummar dan Adam da aka kammala.
Gold da duwatsu masu daraja, da kuma ko da birane, gina daga irin kayan gini, da Spanish da Portuguese nasara taba samu. Taskõkin conquistadors - wani sabon kasar da kuma sararin m yankin, da bayi a Unlimited yawa domin lura da waɗannan ƙasashe da kuma zamanin da wayewar, asirin wanda ake ba bayyana har yanzu.