Ciki aiki da tsarin

Abinci - wani tsari zama dole ga viability na jikin mutum. A ciki taka wata muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan tsari. ciki ayyuka suna tara abinci taro, ta m aiki da kuma kara gabatarwa na hanji, inda shi ne assimilation na gina jiki. Duk wadannan matakai da faruwa a cikin gastrointestinal fili.

Ciki: sifa da aiki

Yana da wani m murdede sashin jiki na narkewa kamar tsarin, wanda aka located tsakanin esophagus da duodenum 12.

Next, za mu gano abin da yake da aiki na ciki da kuma bincika da tsarin.

Ya kunshi wadannan matukar sassan:

1. Cardiac (shigar) gefe. Its tsinkaya ne a 7 hakarkarinsa a kan hagu.
2. Arch ko kasa tsinkaya wanda aka located a bar baki 5, mafi daidai, ta guringuntsi.
3. A jikin ciki.
4. Pyloric ko pyloric. A kanti na ciki ne pyloric sphincter da ya raba da ciki daga duodenum 12. Tsinkaya tsaron ne a gaban a gaban 8th dama haƙarƙari centerline da kuma raya tsakanin 12th thoracic da kuma 1st lumbar vertebra.

A siffar jiki yayi kama da ƙugiya. Wannan ne musamman a fili gani a X-haskoki. A ciki yana da kananan curvature, wanda aka directed zuwa hanta, da kuma babban fuskantar baƙin ciki.

A bango na jiki kunshi hudu yadudduka, da matsanancin daya daga wanda ya ke a serosa. Uku wasu Layer - ciki:

1. Muscle.
2. Submucosal.
3. Slimy.

Godiya ga m tsoka Layer da kuma kwance a kan shi submucosa, mucosa yana da yawa folds. A yankunan da jiki da kuma fundus wadannan folds da skew, a tsaye kuma mai gangara shugabanci, da kuma a yankin na kananan curvature - kawai a tsaye. Saboda irin wannan tsarin da ciki mucosa surface ne ƙwarai karu. Shi facilitates narkewa abinci bolus.

ayyuka

Mene ne aikin na ciki? A yawa daga gare su. Mun jera babban.

• Motor.
• Secretory.
• Tsotsa.
• Excretory.
• M.
• Endocrine.

Kowace daga cikin wadannan ayyuka a aiwatar da narkewa taka wata muhimmiyar rawa. Bugu da ari, aiki na ciki dauki kusa look. An sani cewa narkewa kamar tsari zai fara a cikin bakinka, akwai abinci ta hanyar da esophagus a cikin ciki.

motor aiki

A ciki, akwai gaba narkewa. Motor aiki na ciki shi ne jari na abinci taro, ta machining da kuma kara gabatarwa na hanji.

A lokacin da abinci da kuma a farkon minti bayan da ciki ne annashuwa, wanda ya inganta jari na abinci, a cikinta, da kuma bayar da kasafi na mugunya. Next fara contractile motsi, wanda ya samar da tsoka Layer. Kamar wancan akwai wani hadawa da abinci taro tare da na ciki da ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Domin tsoka jiki halin da wadannan iri motsi:

• Peristaltic (wavy).
• Systolic - faruwa a cikin pylorus.
• Tonic - taimakawa wajen rage na ciki rami size (ta kasa da kuma jiki).

Bayan samun farko abinci peristaltic tãguwar ruwa ne mai rauni. By karshen farko hour bayan wani gari, suna Littafi, wanda ya inganta abinci bolus zuwa kanti na ciki. A matsa lamba a cikin pyloric ɓangare na ciki yana ƙaruwa. Pyloric sphincter yana buɗewa kuma wani ɓangare na abinci taro shiga duodenum 12. Ya zauna a babban ɓangare na wannan taro ya dawo zuwa ga pylorus. Fitarwa aiki na ciki ba za a iya rabu da mota. Su samar da nika da homogenization abinci taro kuma haka taimakawa wajen mafi sha na gina jiki a cikin Gut.

Secretory aiki. ciki gland

A secretory aiki na ciki ne chemically Bi bolus samar via mugunya. Per rana domin ya fara tasawa samar daya zuwa daya da rabi lita na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Yana hada da wani hydrochloric acid da kuma da dama daga enzymes: pepsin, lipase da chymosin.

Located cikin mucous gland shine yake surface. Su exocrine gland da cewa samar da ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Na ciki aiki ne kai tsaye related to wannan sirrin. A gland ya kasu kashi da dama iri:

• Cardiac. Located in cardia a ƙofar wannan jiki. Wadannan gland nuna mucoid slizeobrazny m. Yana aikin wani m aiki da ake amfani da su kare ciki, ya kai-narkewa.
• Major ko fundic gland shine yake. Located a cikin kasa da kuma na jiki na ciki. Sun samar da ciki ruwan dauke da pepsin a cikin abun da ke ciki. Saboda da ruwan 'ya'yan itace samar da narkewa abinci faruwa taro.
• Intermediarnye gland shine yake. Located a ƙunƙuntaccen matsakaici zone tsakanin jiki na ciki da kuma tsaron. Wadannan gland samar da danko sosai mucoid mugunya cewa shi ne alkaline da kuma kare ciki daga m ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace. A abun da ke ciki, ciki har da, hada da hydrochloric acid.
• Pyloric gland shine yake. Located in pyloric part. Other, samar da su, kuma taka wata rawa m kan acidic yanayi na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Secretory aiki na ciki aka bayar da uku iri na sel: cardiac, fundic, ko main, kuma pyloric.

tsotsa aiki

Wannan jiki na aikin, wajen yana da wani sakandare rawa, t. K. Babban sha auku bi gina jiki a cikin Gut, cikinsa da abinci taro ne ya kawo wa wani yanayin a cikin abin da jiki za a iya sauƙi amfani da duk bukata domin rayuwa na abu ya fito daga cikin abinci daga waje.

excretory aiki

An cewa na Lymph da jini a cikin kogo na ciki ta hanyar wani bango zo da wasu abubuwa, wato:

• Amino acid.
• Sunadaran.
• Uric acid.
• Urea.
• Wutan.

Idan taro daga cikin wadannan abubuwa a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, kuma su isar da ciki ne ta ƙara.

Excretory aiki na ciki yana da muhimmanci musamman a lokacin azumi. Protein samu a cikin jini ba za a iya amfani da Kwayoyin na jiki. Su ne kawai iya riskuwarSa karshen samfurin na gina jiki rashin lafiya - amino acid. Da samun fita daga cikin jini a cikin ciki, inda gina jiki da aka enzymatically sarrafa kara da karya saukar zuwa amino acid, wanda aka sa'an nan amfani da jikin kyallen takarda da muhimmanci gabobin.

m aiki

Wannan aiki an tabbatar da wani asiri, wanda ya fitar jiki. Kama pathogens aka kashe da daukan hotuna zuwa ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace, mafi daidai, tare da hydrochloric acid kasancewa a cikin abun da ke ciki.

Bugu da ƙari, ciki da aka tsara don sa'ad da ta shiga cikin matalauta ingancin abinci, shi ne iya tabbatar da sama kuma su hana ingress na cutarwa abubuwa a wani hanji. Saboda haka, wannan tsari zai yi gargaɗi guba.

endocrine aiki

Wannan aiki da aka yi da endocrine sel da ciki, wanda aka located in ta mucosal Layer. Wadannan Kwayoyin samar da fiye da 10 hormones da suke iya tsara da aiki na ciki da kuma narkewa kamar tsarin da dukan kwayoyin. Wadannan hormones sun hada da:

• Gastrin - samar da mafi yawan ciki G-Kwayoyin. Yana shirya acidity na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace, alhakin kira na hydrochloric acid, kazalika da sakamako a kan mota aiki.
• Deli - damuarn samar da hydrochloric acid.
• Somatostatin - damuarn kira na insulin da glucagon.
• Bombesin - wannan hormone da aka hada duka biyu da ciki da kuma proximal kananan hanji. A karkashin tasirin da take da activates a saki gastrin. Yana kuma rinjayar da rage daga cikin gall mafitsara da kuma pancreatic enzyme aiki.
• Bulbogastron - damuarn da secretory da kuma mota aiki na ciki.
• Duokrinin - stimulates mugunya 12-duodenum.
• Vasoactive hanji peptide (VIP). Wannan hormone da aka hada a dukan sassa na gastrointestinal fili. Yana damuarn kira na pepsin da hydrochloric acid da kuma hūta m tsokoki na gallbladder.

Mun gano cewa, a cikin tsari na narkewa da samar da jiki ta harshen damo da muhimmiyar rawar da aka buga da ciki. Tsari da kuma aiki da shi ne kuma gano.

aikin cuta

Cututtuka na narkewa kamar fili, yawanci hade da wani warwarewarsu wani na da tsarin. Take hakkin da ayyuka na ciki yayin da akwai quite sau da yawa. Irin wannan pathologies iya magana kawai idan haƙuri a lokacin jarrabawa saukar da wani kwayoyin raunuka na jiki.

Take hakki na secretory ko na ciki da motility na iya faruwa tare da zafi da dyspepsia. Amma da ta dace magani, wadannan canje-canje ne sau da yawa reversible.