Cibiyar sadarwa mask - a dogara mataimakin a gina cibiyoyin sadarwa

A karshe 'yan shekarun da suka gabata an rayayye tasowa cibiyar sadarwa na na'urorin fasahar zamani. Tun da samuwar na duniya Internet albarkatun da aka haɗa zuwa ta babbar dama karami gida networks da mutum masu amfani. A wannan batun, akwai wani gaggawa bukatar a bayyana bayanin irin magance na cibiyar sadarwa nodes. A bayani da aka samu.

TCP / IP model ne hudu-matakin tsarin. Kowace daga cikin wadannan matakan ne ke da alhakin ta da ayyuka, amma daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci ayyuka ne jawabi a cibiyar sadarwa. Domin wadannan dalilai, amfani da IP-address na hudu version, wanda shi ne mai yawan cewa kunshi talatin da biyu ragowa. Yana a fili gano cibiyar sadarwa, wanda shi ne wani musamman rundunar, kazalika da kai tsaye, rundunar adireshin. Babu shakka, yawan wadannan adiresoshin yana da iyaka.

a fili da kayan aiki dole ga daidai adireshin sani inda a cikin adireshin nuna ta hanyar sadarwa, da kuma inda rundunar. Wannan manufa daukan cikin cibiyar sadarwa mask, game da shi ƙwarai simplifies da aikin wani mai manyan yawan daban-daban cibiyar sadarwa kayan aiki, duka biyu m da kuma aiki.

Netmask a fili ma'anar nawa ragowa da adireshin nasa ne da cibiyar sadarwa, da kuma abin da - da adireshin rundunar. Wannan fasaha ya sa ya yiwu muhimmanci ƙara ƙara da yiwu adiresoshin, a kwatanta da wata hujja bangare subnets fasahar azuzuwan. Yana kuma ba ka damar kauce wa duk wani rikici tasowa a wani hali na gano wannan adireshin.

cibiyar sadarwa mask damar zuwa raba manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa a cikin karami su, wanda an rarraba su, bi da bi, ko da karami da sauransu, har sai kun wuce ta talatin ragowa. Amma tare da kara yawan cibiyar sadarwa rage yawan Runduna na faɗa. Saboda haka, ake ji wannan fasahar dole ne a hankali dauke a matsayin dole yawan adiresoshin zuwa hostnames.

Yawanci, da mask kafa lamba daga tara zuwa talatin. Wannan shi ne yawan haruffa a cikin binary adireshin, wanda shi ne alhakin da cibiyar sadarwa adireshin. Alal misali, ga adireshin 193.29.204.19, idan yana da wani cibiyar sadarwa mask 24, da cibiyar sadarwa adireshin ne 193.29.204.0, da kuma runduna 193.29.204.1-254 adiresoshin (tun da adireshin ne mai watsa shirye-shirye 193.29.204.255).

A don ƙayyade duk wannan, shi wajibi ne yin lissafi da subnet mask dangane da takamaiman dokoki. A sama misali, wannan tsari ya zama kamar haka. Saboda haka, da farko dole ne mu fassara adireshin a cikin binary tsarin na lissafi. Amma dole ne a yi domin ka sami gidan takwas. M lambobi dole ne a maye gurbin da zeros kafin lambar. Bugu da ari, ba da cibiyar sadarwa mask, ko kuma wajen da lambar, aka rubuta a cikin nau'i na contiguous raka'a a wani adadin m zuwa wannan lambar. Shi ne mafi m yi shi da kansa a fili magance adadi a cikin adadi. Bugu da ari, bayanin kula a kan adireshin dash lokacin da mask da kuma karshen raka'a fara zeros. Kuma mun samu hagu - subnet address, gefen dama - rundunar adireshin. Mun fassara da baya cikin wani more saba gidan goma form. Shi ke nan.

Wannan aiki ne ba nauyi, amma sosai da amfani a lõkacin da gina m networks a kan wani babban sikelin. cibiyar sadarwa mask iya zama wani abin dogara mataimakin domin gina wata hujja matsayi da kuma tsari kammalalle ba.