Binary: ilmin lissafi da kuma useability

Daga yara muna sanar da su abubuwan da suke ba makawa a adult rai: don yin wani sauki matakai m ga magana, karanta da kuma lissafãwa. Kila kowa da kowa ya ambaci yadda da wuya aka bai wa shi a ci, a cikin kindergarten ko a makarantar firamare, shi ne wuya a samu amfani da rubutawa da Figures. Bayan wani lokaci, mu ne don haka saba wa gaskiyar cewa duk abin da yake bisa da gidan goma tsarin (ci, kudi, lokaci), cewa ba ko da zargin da wanzuwar sauran tsarin (kuma yadu amfani a fannoni daban daban, misali, a samar ko a filin daga IT ).

Daya daga cikin wadannan "wadanda ba misali" yawan zabin ne binary tsarin. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, da dukan sa na haruffa a shi kunshi 0 kuma 1. Ko da yake shi alama sauki, amma binary tsarin da ake amfani a mafi wuya ga kwanan wata fasaha na'urorin - kwakwalwa da kuma sauran sarrafa kansa gidaje.

The tambaya: me ya sa ka yanke shawarar cewa ka yi amfani da shi, saboda mutum ne sauƙin mayar da hankali a kan saba 10 lambobin? Gaskiyar cewa kwamfuta - da wata na'ura da cewa gudanar da wutar lantarki, da kuma ta m shaƙewa ne, a gaskiya, mafi sauki algorithm na ayyuka. Binary tsarin ta fuskar da kwamfuta ne idan aka kwatanta da sauran jerin abũbuwan amfãni:

1. Domin da na'ura akwai 2 jihohi: guje ko ba, a can ne a halin yanzu ko babu halin yanzu. Kowace daga cikin wadannan jihohi ne halin da daya daga cikin haruffan: 0 - "babu", 1 - "eh."

2. A binary (binary) tsarin damar ya rage wuya da na'urar kwakwalwan kwamfuta (Ina nufin, isa a yi biyu tashoshi for daban-daban na sakonni).

3. Wannan tsarin shi ne kasa yiwuwa ga tsangwama da kuma sauri. Surutu rigakafi saboda sauki kuma zai yiwu rage hadarin software gazawar, amma saboda binary aljabara ne sauƙin realizable fiye da gidan goma.

4. Boolean ayyukan da binary lambobi yi yawa sauki. Kullum, dabaru aljabara (Boolean) nufi ga fahimtar hadaddun matakai na siginar transduction a fasaha kwamfuta tsarin.

Idan ka koya daga wani fasaha sana'a, ku yiwuwa san kayan yau da kullum na wakilci na lambobin a binary form. Yawancin lokaci, wani mutum bai gogu da duniya a irin waɗannan abubuwa, ilmin lissafi ayyukan da 0 da 1 da ake bukata domin karin cikakken fahimtar da kwamfuta, wanda lalle ne kowa da kowa yana.

Saboda haka, tare da sifilin kuma wanda zai iya yin wannan ilmin lissafi aiki a matsayin tare da na al'ada lambobi. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu ba la'akari da yadda ake gudanar kamar inversion, Bugu da kari modulo 2 da kuma sauran (zalla takamaiman).

Ka yi la'akari da yadda Bugu da kari, a wani binary tsarin. Alal misali, don ƙara biyu lambobi: 1001 da kuma 1110. Tun lokacin da na karshe sallama, nadawa: 1 + 0 = 1, sa'an nan 0 + 1 = 1, da wadannan mataki: 0 + 1 = 1, kuma a karshe 1 + 1 = 10. Total mun samu lambar 10111.

Subtraction a binary lambar tsarin haka wannan ka'idojin. Dauki misali guda lambobi, amma yanzu debewa 1110 daga 1001. Samun ma da na karshe lambobi: 0-1 = 1 (debe 1 na gaba matakin), nan gaba koma zuwa samfurin. Total 101.

Division da multiplication ma da muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance a kwatanta da ka'idojin da muke amfani da gidan goma form.

Bugu da kari ga binary, ternary amfani da kwamfuta, octal da hexadecimal lambar tsarin.