Chemical ma'auni - dangane reversible sinadaran halayen

A cewar daya daga cikin sukayi fassara amfani da su bayyana sunadarai matakai, akwai nau'i biyu daga halayen m - reversible da kuma komowar. Reversible dauki ba ya isa karshen, watau, babu wani daga cikin abubuwa da suka shiga da shi, ba a cinye gaba daya, kuma ba ya canza taro. Wannan tsari kammala kafa sinadaran ma'auni ko balance, wanda nuna a fakaice ⇌. Amma da gaba da kuma baya halayen ci gaba da kara, ba tare da tsayawa, don haka ya kira Dynamic balance ko mobile. Akwai zai zo da wani sinadaran ma'auni da shawara cewa, da kai tsaye dauki faruwa a wannan gudun (ayata1), da kuma cewa kishiya (v2), ayata1 = v2. Idan matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki ne canzawa, da sikeli a cikin tsarin iya wuce illa ma sha Allahu.

Quantitatively sinadaran ma'auni aka bayyana ta da cikakken hankalinsa m wanda yake da rabo daga cikin layi constants (K1) da kuma feedback (K2) halayen. Lissafi da shi zai iya zama bisa ga dabara: K = K1 / K2. Performance na ma'auni m zai dogara ne a kan abun da ke ciki na reactants da kuma zazzabi.
Hijira da sunadarai ma'auni dogara ne a kan manufa na Le Chatelier, wanda ya karanta kamar haka: "Idan wani tsarin da yake a cikin ma'auni, da tasiri da waje dalilai, da ma'auni ne gaji da damuwa da kuma gudun hijira a cikin shugabanci daura da wannan canji."

Ka yi la'akari da sinadaran da ma'auni yanayi da kuma ta kawar da a kan misali na da samuwar ammonia kwayoyin: N2 + 3H2 ↔ 2NH3 + Q.

Ganin wannan dauki lissafi, saita:

1. kai tsaye martani - a dauki na fili, kamar yadda 2 of sauki abubuwa 1 hadaddun an kafa (ammonia), da kuma baya - bazuwar.

2. kai tsaye dauki fitowa tare da samuwar zafi, don haka shi ne - shi ne exothermic, sabili da haka, baya - endothermic da ke tare da sha zafi.

Yanzu la'akari da lissafi bayar gyaggyarawa wasu sigogi:

1. taro canji. Idan taro na farko abubuwa kara - nitrogen da hydrogen - da kuma rage adadin ammonia, da ma'auni motsa zuwa dama ga samuwar NH3. Idan kana so ka motsa shi zuwa hagu, kara maida hankali ammonia.

2. A zazzabi Yunƙurin za ta motsa ma'auni zuwa dauki a wadda zafi da ake tunawa, kuma an saukar da - An alama. Saboda haka, idan zafin jiki karuwa da ammonia kira, da ma'auni ne canja wajen farawa kayan, Ina nufin, hagu, da kuma lokacin da zazzabi - da dama a cikin shugabanci da dauki samfurin.

3. Idan matsa lamba karuwa, da ma'auni motsa zuwa gefe, inda adadin da gaseous abubuwa ne kasa, da kuma lokacin da matsa lamba rage-rage - a cikin shugabanci inda adadin gas ƙaruwa. A rairaya NH3 daga N2 da 4 moles na 3H2 an samu 2 NH3. Saboda haka, idan muka kara matsa lamba, da ma'auni motsa zuwa dama, ga samuwar NH3. Idan matsa lamba da aka rage, da sikeli zai matsawa a cikin shugabanci na asali kayayyakin.

Mun kammala da cewa, sinadaran da ma'auni za a iya gaji da damuwa idan karuwa ko raguwa:

1. da yawan zafin jiki.

2. matsa lamba;

3. taro na abubuwa.

Lokacin gabatar da wani mai kara kuzari a cikin dauki balance ba ya canja, Ina nufin, sinadaran da ma'auni ba a gaji da damuwa.