Bobby Sands, da instigator na 1981 Irish yajin cin abinci: biography

Bobby Sands wani jirgin saman soja ga 'yancin kai na Northern Ireland. Ya shiga cikin IRA, ga ayyukan da aka yi masa hukuncin sau biyu. Duk da yake a kurkuku, aka zabe shi majalisar daga yankinsa. A cikin yaki for 'yancinsu Sands fara wani yajin cin abinci, kamar yadda sakamakon wanda ya mutu daga ci. Domin da yawa, da ayyukansa tafi kada a gane shi da kuma fahimci saboda ayyuka na latsa. Duk da haka, shi yana da abubuwan da kara karfafa rawar da IRA a cikin majalisar dokokin kasar.

Mene ne wani IRA? Abin da suke da bukatar masu zanga-zangar fursunoni? A amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi, kazalika da wasu cikakkun bayanai daga biography of Robert Sands za a iya samu a cikin labarin.

biography

Cikakken sunan Irish rajin Robert Gerard Sands. An haife shi a Newtownabbey, a wani Katolika iyali 09.03.1954 A shekara shida ya koma tare da iyayensa a Rathcoole. The iyali Sands, fãce Bobby, 'yar Bernadette. Ta aka ma hannu a siyasa.

Bobby Sands aure Dzheraldin Noad, da kuma na 08.05.1973 An haife na da dan Gerard. Shekaru takwas daga baya, da ƙaramin yaro, Robert, zai halarci jana'izar mahaifinsa.

Saka hannu cikin IRA

Bobby Sands zama memba na IRA, a lõkacin da ya shekara goma sha takwas. A lokaci guda ya aka fara kama. A dalilin wannan aka samu a cikin gida hudu Pistols. Bobby aka yanke masa hukumcin shekaru biyar a kurkuku.

A shekarar 1976, ya sake daga kurkuku kuma ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin kungiyar. Ya aka ake zargin na da haddasa fashewa, amma ba su samu wani abin shaida na hallara. Duk da haka, tuni a shekarar 1977, Sands aka hannu a wani bugun fenariti. Domin wannan ya aka yanke masa hukumcin ɗaurin kurkuku domin shekaru goma sha huɗu da aka dauka zuwa kurkuku Mays.

A daidai wannan lokaci, gwamnatin soke matsayi na musamman, a sakamakon da IRA fursunoni daidaita zuwa kowa laifi. Wannan ya biyo ta mataki, da ake kira "bargo zanga-zanga", "datti zanga-zanga". Su halarci da Bobby. Bugu da kari, ya rubuta waqoqi da articles.

Cikin ayyukan da IRA

Iran kwantar da tarzoma kungiyar da nufin cimma Northern Ireland ta samu 'yancin kai daga Birtaniya. Its proponents yi imani da cewa kasar su aka hõre soja zama. A da ayyukan, kungiyar dõgara a kan Katolika yawan jama'a.

Yau da shi yana da nasa a cikin wakilan majalisar, wanda aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na Sinn Fein. Yana duk ya fara a shekara ta 1919 tare da tawaye a Dublin da kuma ayyukan Patrick Pearce.

Iran sojojin da rubutun hannu. 90 minutes kafin fashewa, da wakilainsu sanar da ta da niyyar kira domin kauce wa mutum jikkata, nuna a lokaci guda da ƙarfi. Babban hari kasance wakilan Birtaniya sojojin, 'yan sanda da kuma Kotuna.

A kan lokaci, kungiyar raba. "Gadi" da IRA, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare kuma Robert Sands an halitta. Organization zargi da kashe fiye da dubu mutane, tsakanin wanda aka sojoji da farar hula. Mayakan cajin bayan tofin sanya shi a cikin kurkuku'yan kamar siyasa. A tsawon lokaci, wannan matsayi da aka dauka daga gare su. Wannan ya kai ga zanga-zangar da fursunoni. Daya daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi na bayyana damunsu fara wani yajin cin abinci.

Rashin amincewa 1981

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1981 ya mutu MP Frenk Maguayr, don haka ya fara yaƙin neman zaɓe. A sakamakon haka, wani sabon memba na majalisar, shi ne Sands. Shi ne kuma ƙarami wakilin gwamnatin. Bi da bi, m ban bi: da mutanen da suke hidima sentences na fiye da shekara guda ba su shiga a cikin zaben.

Robert mutu a sittin da shida kwanaki na yajin cin abinci. A dalilin mutuwar shi ne cikakken ci. A jana'izar samu halartar kan mutum ɗari da dubu mutane, ciki har da Irish Republican Army.

bukatu masu muhimmanci

Duk da yake Sands zama memba na gwamnatin, da yajin cin abinci ya riga a cike lilo. Gwagwarmaya sa a gaba biyar bukatu. Ko da yake su duk tafasa saukar da gaskiyar cewa wakilan da IRA baya a cikin gidajen yarin da matsayi na fursunonin siyasa.

Rights, wanda ya nemi yunwa:

1. Kada ku tafi kurkuku garb.
2. Kada tafiyar da kurkuku aiki.
3. 'Yancin sadarwa tsakanin'yan, kungiyar na nishadi da kuma ilimi da ayyukan.
4. Ikon karɓar sau ɗaya a mako daya wasika, da kuma aika da samun wani baƙo.
5. Da yiwuwar samun wani gafara.

A Irish Republican Army ya kasance m ga gwamnatin na United Kingdom, don haka da cewa dauki ba a cikin ni'imar da masu zanga-zanga.

Margaret Tetcher dauki

Lokacin da akwai wani yajin cin abinci (Bobby Sands ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan mahalarta), da firaministan kasar Birtaniya ya Margaret Thatcher. Ta ba ta tafi a kan yunwa asasshe ba ba da matsayi na fursunonin siyasa zanga-zangar. Wannan ya haddasa mutuwar mutane goma.

Duk da haka, gwamnatin yana da yet ya dauki matsayi dangane da yunwa, ko da jaridar bai bayar da rahoton game da shi. Makonni biyu bayan da farkon zanga zangar fursuna yarda ka ci sauki tufafi, ba su yi kurkuku aiki, tara zuwa socialize, don samun ilmi.

The yajin cin abinci ya ƙare

Rashin amincewa ƙare 03/10/1981 na Bobby Sands zama na farko da aka azabtar, amma ba na karshe.

List of marigayin fursunoni musharaka a cikin yajin cin abinci:

• Robert Sands azumi 66 kwana da kuma ya mutu farko.
• F. Hughes - 59 days.
• P. McCreesh - 61 days.
• P. O'Hara - 61 days.
• D. McDonnell - 61 days.
• M. Herson - kwana 46;
• K. Lynch - 71 days.
• K. Doherty - 73 days.
• T. McElwee - 62 days.
• M. Devine - 60 days.

A memory marigayin tunawa da aka halitta. An located in Bogside matsayin "H" English wasika. Kamar wancan ne zuriyar riƙe a cikin memory daga cikin taron da featured Bobby Sands da kuma "HLB Tubalan" (na yau da kullum sunan Maze kurkuku). Shi ne a daya daga wadannan tubalan hidima ƙarshe zanga-zangar.

The yajin cin abinci ya haifar da gaskiya cewa manufar Irish nationalists dauki wani more m shugabanci. shi ma alama farkon wani tsari da ya sa Sinn Féin lashe zaben.

diary rajin

Bobby Sands, quotes, waxanda suke da muhimmanci ga da wakilan da IRA, ya kasance mai yawan m. Duk da yake a tsare, ya rubuta waqoqi da articles. Ya fara wani yajin cin abinci, Sands kiyaye a diary, na farko records na wanda nema a mayar da Maris 1 (Lahadi). A cikin Rasha version na yanar gizo an dage farawa daga cikin translation na farko kwana goma sha bakwai daga cikin diary.

A fim "Yunwar" a 2008

1981 Irish yajin cin abinci a lokacin da aka bayyana a cikin kafofin watsa labarai da aka nuna son kai. Birtaniya jaridu sun dauka da gwamnati da kuma kokarin yin izgili da bukatun na jin yunwa mutane. A wani hanya, la'akari da halin da ake ciki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo darektan Steve McQueen ta "Yunwar", abin da ya bayyana a kan fuska a 2008. Ta samu a kyauta a Cannes Film Festival.

A hoto ya nuna na karshe makonni na rayuwa na Robert ne, wanda yake mamba na Birtaniya majalisar, wani wakilin IRA. Ya aka yanke masa hukumcin shekaru goma sha huɗu ga shan kashi a cikin harbi a 'yan sanda, ko kuma wajen for mallakan wani revolver.

A fim ya nuna wa fursunoni daga IRA, wanda sanya bukatunsu domin dawo da matsayi na fursunonin siyasa. A protagonist yanke shawarar da ya tafi a kan tsarin, saboda haka, ya sanar da wani yajin cin abinci. Domin watanni biyu, ya canza kama ne daga wani mutum zuwa wani kwarangwal.

The darektan ne quite plausible don nuna rayuwar fursunoni. All steeped a yanke ƙauna, ba tare da wata 'yar alamar ray bege. Ba kowa ba ne zai iya ganin fim har karshen, kazalika da wa fahimta da ra'ayin cewa darektan so kai. A fim ne iya wani unsettle.

Da muhimmancin da babban harafin da aka wakkala a Michael Fassbender. A actor ya iya kai motsin zuciyarmu yunwa, bayyana tunani da na karshe shida makonni ransa.