Birnin Vorontsov a cikin Crimea. Gidan Kurontsov a Alupka

Tsarin tsarin, wanda aka halitta a zamanin Romanticism, abin mamaki da ban mamaki mutum na zamani tare da mahimmancin siffofin gine-ginen. Wani bayani mai ban sha'awa mai sassaucin ra'ayi, wani tsari na asali, ƙwarewa mafi girma da ganuwar da dukan kayan ɗakunan ɗakunan na kisa, ya kasance mai ban sha'awa ga yawancin tsararraki masu kyau.

Vorontsov Palace a cikin Crimea - mafi muhimmanci da abin tunawa da tarihi da kuma gine. Lokacin da aka halicce shi, an yi amfani da fasaha na gari, wanda ya nuna cewa ginin yana ci gaba da yanayin kanta.

Mista S. Vorontsov - dan kasar Rasha

An haifi Mikhail Semenovich ne a shekara ta 1782 a Rasha, amma bayan shekara guda sai aka kai shi zuwa Ingila, inda aka tura mahaifinsa jakadan. Taro na gaba na matasa Count tare da Motherland ya faru bayan tsawon shekaru goma sha takwas. Vorontsov ya fadi da ƙaunar "mai kyau" Ingila - iyalin da aka yi magana da ita tare da al'ummar Ingila.

Lokacin da ya isa Rasha, ƙidaya ya yi ƙoƙari ya ta da tunanin Ingila. Yarinya mai shekaru goma sha tara ya shiga cikin rayuwar jama'a da siyasa na kasar - ya shiga cikin yakin Turkiyya da na Napoleon. An ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa domin jaruntaka, ya bambanta kansa da ƙarfin hali a cikin fadace-fadacen kusa da Borodino da Smolensk. A cikin talatin da uku, bayan da ya karbi mukamin Lieutenant-Janar, ya jagoranci kwamandan 'yan kungiyar Rasha ta Rasha. A 1883 an nada shi babban gwamna na yankin Novorossiysk, kuma daga bisani - Caucasus. A shekara ta 1854 an ba shi kyautar matsayi na Janar-Field Marshal.

Sabis a cikin Novorossiysk Territory

Lokacin da aka kori Crimea da Rasha, gwamnatin tsarya ta fara karbar kyautar ƙasa ga shahararrun sojoji, jami'ai daban-daban, masu daraja. Amma gazawar hanyoyi, yawan kudaden da ake ajiyewa da kuma safarar serfs a nan ya jinkirta cigaban yankin. M. S. Vorontsov babban mai mallakar gida ne. A kudancin Crimea ya mallaki Massandra, Ai-Danil, Alupka, Gurzuf. Babban gidansa a Alupka, ya yanke shawarar komawa cikin zama bazara.

A shekara ta 1824, ya fara aikin gine-ginen a cikin gidansa kuma ya hada hanya daga Simferopol zuwa Kudu Shore. A cewar masana tarihi, sojoji 10,000 sunyi aikin gina. A shekarar 1828, an gina babban fadar, wanda ya ƙare a shekaru goma, da kuma kammala ayyukan ya ci gaba har 1846.

Don ba da kayan mallakarsa na Crimean Vorontsov ya fara nemo masu ginin gine-gine, masu aikin lambu, masu gine-gine na fannoni daban-daban.

Architect Eduard Blor

An gina gidan Palace na Vorontsov a Alupka bisa ga zane na Eduard Blor mai mashahuri a lokacin. A cikin 'yan shekarunsa, ya ƙudurta kansa ga binciken da sabuntawa na wuraren tarihi na tsufa. Daga bisani, an gayyatar shi zuwa matsayin gwamna George Fourth, sa'an nan kuma Sarauniya Victoria. Shi ne marubucin na Westminster Abbey, wasu abubuwa na da facade na Buckingham Palace, da manyan kadarori a Turai da kuma Australia.

Gidan Kurontsov a Alupka

A gefen yamma shine babbar hanyar gidan sarauta. Kwararren yana gaishe ta da ainihin gidaje - mai tsabta da tsaunuka, tsaunukan kurkuku. Wadannan baƙi suna ganin katangar gine-gine, ɗakun tsattsauran ra'ayi mai tsawo wanda ya kai ga tsakiyar gini. Ƙunƙunin ganuwar garu, windows-loopholes haifar da ji na iya yiwuwa. Wannan ra'ayi ne ya raguwa ta hanyar gado da aka yi da baƙin ƙarfe, wanda wasu mawallafi na sauti suka shiga ɗakin dakin cin abinci.

Birnin Vorontsov a cikin Crimea ya zama haske, cike da iska, bayan da kuka shiga filin gaba. Kafin idanuwan duk shiga, wani wuri mai faɗi yana buɗewa a kan bayanan Ai-Petri.

Gine-gine

An tsara gidan Palace na Vorontsov a Alupka a cikin style Tudor. Wannan ne English gine-gine da style of karni na sha shida, lokacin mika mulki daga Gothic wannan zamanin na alatu - Renaissance. Ƙasar tuddai, ƙananan rufin teku - wani wuri mai ban mamaki wanda ya shafi Crimea. Gidan sarauta na Vorontsov, ko kuwa, facade ta arewa, wanda ke fuskanta Ai-Petri, an tsara shi ne a tsarin Gothic. Gidan shimfiɗa, ɗakunan tsagewa, masu tayar da hankali suna tunawa da ɗakin gida.

Birnin Vorontsovsky, hoton da kuke gani a cikin wannan labarin, yana da karin facade da kyawawan kudancin kudancin. A cikin abubuwan da aka tsara na gabashin gine-ginen ana amfani dasu. Abune mai zurfi ne wanda aka tsara ta biyu a cikin siffar dawaki. An yi wa ado da kayan aikin stucco. Don ƙarin ƙarfafa gine-gine na gabas na tashar, an rubuta harshensa cikin Larabci. Gidan gidan Vorontsov a cikin Crimea yana da abubuwa da dama na gine-gine na gabashin, duk da haka, tare da aikin Ingilishi.

Shi ya cancanci musamman da hankali "Lion Terrace" tare da wani kyakkyawan bene, wanda aka tsananin tsaro da shida m zakoki na Carrara marmara farin launi, sanya ta Italian sculptor Giovanni Bonnani. Sun bayyana a fadar a 18848. Wannan taron ya nuna ƙarshen gina fadar. A yau a cikin kantin sayar da kayan ajiyar kusa da gidan sarauta za ka iya sayan kaya na wadannan dabbobin.

An gina gidan Palace na Vorontsov a cikin Crimea daga kundin dutse na Crimean - zane-zane, wanda yayi kama da wannan a cikin basalt. Ya gina gine-gine-gine-gine da dutse da hannu, ta amfani da kayan aiki na farko. Idan kun zo Crimea, Dole ne ku yi Yalta a lokacin tafiyarku. Birnin Vorontsovsky gaskiya ne na tarihi da kuma gine-gine, wanda kowa ya kamata ya gani.

Cikin kayan gida

Aiki na musamman mai ban sha'awa na gidan Vorontsov shine babu shakka "Blue Living Room". A baya, an gina gidan wasan kwaikwayon gida. Kyakkyawan fata mai tsabta na launin furanni da furanni, yana rufe zane-zane da kuma rufi, ya ba dakin damuwar da aka saba da sophistication. Ƙofacciyar ƙofa na itacen oak yana aiki ne kamar wani labule. A shekarar 1863, masanin kasar Rasha mai suna MS Shchepkin ya wakilta shi.

Babban ɗakin babban gidan sarauta na Vorontsov shine babban ɗakin cin abinci. An yi ado da itace mai sassaka, yana da ƙananan ƙananan ƙofofi, ƙananan ginshiƙai na panel. An shirya babban teburin cin abinci don mutane 32. Kasashen masarauta na Rasha sun yi gadon sarauta bisa ga tsarin Turanci. Exquisitely dubi da kuma sideboard tare da wanka don sanyaya mahogany giya. An yi a Ingila. Kayan ado na babban ɗakin shi ne marmaro mai ban sha'awa. Ana siffata shi da kyau tare da kayan ado na katolica da kuma haɓaka ta diorite. Sama da maɓuɓɓuga akwai ƙananan baranda, waɗanda masu kiɗan mawaƙa suka buga. Ural masters yi domin wannan dakin malachite candelabra.

Odessa: The Vorontsov Palace

A cikin tarihin wannan birni mai masaukin baki mai suna Prince MS Vorontsov ya kasance wuri mai daraja. Lokacin aikinsa a matsayin gwamnan lardin Novorossiysk an kira shi "shekarun zinariya" na birnin.

Haɗin haɗin haɗi da kyawawan abubuwa da kuma dandano mai kyau shine fadar Vorontsov. Odessa yana alfahari da wannan tarihin tarihi da gine-gine. A cikin wannan ginin gine-gine duk abin da aka yi tunanin shi ne ta hanyar ƙaramin daki-daki. A cikin kowane abu akwai salon Italiyanci - a cikin ado da kayan ado, a cikin kayan ado na gidan sarauta tare da zane-zane na musamman. Sau ɗaya a lokaci, a wurin da aka gina fadar, akwai tururuwar Turkiya. An kammala ginin a 1827, marubucin wannan aikin - ginin F. K. Boffo. An gina fadar a cikin sarkin daular, wanda ya bambanta da matsayi, kwarewa da wasu wasanni. A lokacin mulkin Vorontsov, wannan jagoran gine-ginen ya ci Odessa. A cikin gine-gine na gari tare da colonnades, daidai da hade tare da yankin, ya fara bayyana fiye da sau da yawa.

Birnin Vorontsovsky babban gini ne, daya gefen "neman" zuwa masaukin, babban reshe wanda ke haɗe da fadar, wani ɗaki mai tsayi wanda ya keɓe gidan zama daga wurare masu rarrafe, da kuma kayan da suke da kansu.

Birnin Vorontsov a cikin shekarun Soviet

A cikin watan Maris 1917, fadar ta daura da Soviet Odessa na wakilai na ma'aikata da hedkwatar Red Guard. A 1936, a cikin gine-ginen gine-ginen, an bude Fadar Pioneers. A cikin shekaru bayan da aka kira shi bayan Yasha Gordienko, wanda sunansa har yanzu yake.