Binciken ilimin pancreatitis, hanyoyinsa. Cutar cututtuka da magani na cutar

Kumburi na pancreas wani yanayi mara kyau da haɗari. A magani, an kira shi pancreatitis. Da wannan cututtukan, enzymes da aka samar a cikin pancreas sun kasance a ciki, sun fara halakar da kyallenta. Dole a yi jiyya a cikin hanya mai dacewa. In ba haka ba, da ƙonewa ya zama na kullum. Yaya ake nuna irin wadannan cututtukan cututtuka? Ta yaya aka gano asalin bambancin da ake yi na ciwon daji na ci gaba? A cikin waɗannan batutuwa, wajibi ne a fahimci dalla-dalla.

Dalilin cutar

Rashin karamin abu ne mai mahimmanci amma mahimmanci na tsarin narkewa. Yana da baya bayan ciki kuma ya shimfiɗa daga duodenum zuwa ga mahaifa. Ƙarfin ƙafa yana da tsari na lobed. Kowace lobe yana da hanzari. A cikin kwayar, dukkan ducts suna haɗuwa da kuma samar da babban magungunan pancreatic. Har ila yau, akwai na biyu (ƙarin) duct. Kowannensu yana ɓoye cikin duodenum.

Iron a jikin mutum yana aiki biyu:

1. Exocrin (exocrine). Ruwan da ke ɓoye daga glandan cikin duodenum yana dauke da enzymes. Suna shiga cikin narkewa na gina jiki, carbohydrate da abinci masu kyau.
2. Endocrine (intrasecretory). Hakanan yaron ya ɓoye hormones polypeptide cikin jini. Suna tsara tsarin matakan da ke faruwa a jiki.

Tare da kumburi, an keta ayyukan na pancreas. Wannan ya tabbatar da ganewar asali pancreatitis. Asirin ba a ɓoye daga jikin a cikin duodenum ba. A wannan haɗin, tsarin narkewa na glandan farawa ya fara. Sashi daga cikin enzymes da toxins an cire su a cikin jini, yada cikin jiki kuma lalata wasu gabobin (hanta, kodan, huhu, zuciya, har ma da kwakwalwa).

Haka kuma cutar ta faru a cikin mutane saboda dalilai daban-daban. Statistics nuna cewa 50% na mutanen da wahala daga kumburi da pancreas saboda barasa zagi. A cikin kashi 20 cikin dari na ƙwayoyin cuta, ganewar asibiti na babcreatitis a cikin manya suna nuna cewa cutar tana tasowa saboda cholelithiasis. Sauran cututtuka na ƙonewa na pancreas sun hada da:

• M, hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri da kuma parasitic cututtuka;
• Rashin funga;
• Cutar da guba;
• Endoscopic manipulations da kuma aiki.

Ƙayyade na pancreatitis

Ta hanyar yanayin cutar, cutar za ta iya kasancewa (OP) da kuma na kullum (CP). Na farko nau'in cutar ita ce hanya mai ƙin ƙwayar cuta wanda ke faruwa a cikin pancreas kuma yana wucewa ga sauran takalma da gabobin. Kwayar ta taso ba zato ba tsammani saboda cin abinci, barasa ko kayan abinci maras kyau. A wasu lokuta, farawar cutar ta hade da cin abinci mai yawa bayan yunwa mai tsawo.

Masana kimiyya mai ƙananan pancreatitis an classified su kamar haka:

1. Babban mummunan mummunar cuta. Tare da wannan nau'i, ɓangarori na ciki ba su aiki daidai ba. Diff. Binciken na pancreatitis ya nuna rashin lafiya.
2. Fom mai kaifi, haske. Tare da irin wannan cuta, ayyukan ɓangarorin na jiki suna rushewa kadan.
3. Ƙananan pancreatitis rikitarwa ta hanyar parapancreatic infiltrate, peritonitis, purulent abscesses, sepsis, zub da jini.

Balancin kwanciyar hankali yana faruwa a cikin mutane bayan m ƙananan ƙumburi na pancreas. Dangane da matsanancin tsananin, masana sun gano:

1. Nauyin nauyin. Domin pancreatitis yana halin da ake ci gaba da sau da yawa. Lokaci na gyare-gyare na da wuya kuma gajere.
2. Kwayar cuta shine matsananciyar matsakaici. Ƙararrawa tare da ƙonewa daga cikin kwanciyar hankali na faruwa sau 3-4 a shekara. M ciki ciwo dogon isa.
3. Mutuwar cutar. Exacerbations ne takaice kuma rare. Suna faruwa sau 1-2 a shekara.

Alamun m kumburi

Pain a cikin yankin yankin na alama alama ce ta nuna mummunan pancreatitis. Masanin kimiyya daban-daban a gaban wannan bayyanar an yi shi nan da nan, saboda zafi yana da karfi sosai cewa mutane ba za su iya karya ba kuma su zauna har yanzu. Sai kawai bayan gudanar da ganewar asali da kuma tabbatar da ganewar asali na iya kwararru zasu dauki matakai don rage yanayin marasa lafiya.

Wani alama na kowa na mummunan kumburi na pancreas yana zubar da jini, a yawancin lokuta masu yawa ne. Bai kawo taimako ga marasa lafiya ba. Yanayin su saboda zubar da ciki kawai ya fi girma. Sauran cututtuka na m pancreatitis sun hada da:

• Pallor na fata, acrocyanosis (siyan cyanotic launi fata);
• Ruwan jini;
• Da jinkirin gases, stools;
• Rashin rarraba.

Kwayoyin cututtuka na Bikin Pancreatitis

Sakamakon bayyanar cututtuka na HP sun bambanta a lokacin lokuta da haɓakawa. Suna dogara ne akan dalilai masu yawa: matakin, yanayin asibiti na cutar. Duk da wannan, ana iya gano manyan alamun bayyanar cututtuka na kullum:

1. Rarraba da narkewa. Ana nuna shi ta karuwa a ƙarar da mita na tayin. Kala tare da ciwon kwanciyar hankali na yau da kullum yana da launi mai launin launin fata da ƙanshi. Ya sau da yawa ya ƙunshi abincin da ba a yi ba. Wadannan cututtuka na sama sun lalacewa ta hanyar ragewa a cikin taro na sinadarai na exocrine da kuma cin zarafi na gyada gland a cikin duodenum.
2. Dama, rawar jiki a cikin jiki duka, yunwa, ƙwaƙwalwa, rawar jiki da kuma urination, asarar sani. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na HP suna haɗuwa da cin zarafin aikin intrasecretory na pancreas.
3. Pain ciwo na ciki. Abin baƙin ciki ba shi da ƙayyadaddun wuri. Zai iya faruwa a tsakiya ko babba na sama kuma ɗaukar nauyin shingling. A wasu lokuta, ba a kiyaye ciwo.

Sanin asali na m pancreatitis

Don tabbatar da ganewar asali, likitoci sun rubuta wa marasa lafiya binciken. Ya haɗa da ganewar asali na pancreatitis, gwaje-gwajen jini da aka yi don ƙayyade adadin enzymes da aka samar a cikin pancreas. Jaraba don abun ciki na amylase a magani shine yaduwa. Matsayin wannan enzyme ya wuce yawancin sau da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke da mummunan pancreatitis.

Hanyar ganewar asali sun hada da urinalysis. Bisa ga sakamakon binciken, ana gano marasa lafiya:

• Proteinuria (sunadaran gina jiki a cikin fitsari);
• Kwayar kwayar cuta (kasancewar jini a cikin fitsari cikin wuce haddi na al'ada);
• Cylindruria (bayyanar a cikin fitsari na jikin jikin jikin jini wanda aka gina daga kwayoyin jini, gina jiki mai gina jiki, epithelium daga cikin ƙananan tubules).

M Hanyar ganewar asali daga m pancreatitis ne a lissafta tomography (CT). Yana ba ka damar samun siffar pancreas, kayan da ke kewaye da kuma gabobin ciki, gano matsalolin cutar, tantance sikelin da kuma yanayin lalacewar pancreatic a cikin necrosis pancreatic.

Ganewar asali da kuma lura da m pancreatitis za a iya gudanar ta hanyar laparoscopy. Tare da taimakonta na likitocin da ke da ƙarfin tabbacin ƙaddamar da cutar, gano da kawar da wasu matsalolin cutar.

Mafi mahimmanci, sanarwa, hanya mai sauƙi da mai lafiya don gano cutar ita ce samfurin tarin kwayoyin halitta mai girma pancreatitis (duban dan tayi). Lokacin da ake gudanar da shi, girman kai, kwakwalwa, siffar, tsari na ciki, ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, yanayin yanayin duct an kimantawa.

Binciken asali na asali

Sanin asalin pancreatitis a cikin manya sun hada da magungunan dan tayi da CT. Ana kuma sanya wa marasa lafiya endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Wannan hanyar bincike shine haɗuwa da endoscopy tare da binciken bincike mai zurfi.

Sanin asali na pancreatitis na yau da kullum ya hada da ƙaddarar aikin exocrine pancreatic. Ya kasance tare da wannan manufar cewa masu kwarewa suna gudanar da kwararru - nazarin binciken binciken da ke ba ka damar samun ragowar abincin da ba a ci ba.

Za'a iya tantance aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar jikin ta hanyar amfani da gwajin C-numfashi. Abinda suke amfani da su shine ba kishi ba (babu bukatar karya tsarin mutuntaka na waje na jiki). Irin wannan ganewar na pancreatitis kuma ya ba da dama don ƙayyade tasirin maye gurbin magungunan enzyme.

Hanyar da magani na m pancreatitis

Idan bayyanar cututtuka da ke faruwa sun nuna cewa ci gaba na OP, dole ne a ba da haƙuri tare da kulawa da rigakafi:

• Haramta cin abinci da abin sha don 'yan kwanaki;
• hašawa zuwa da epigastric yankin da hita tare da wani ruwan sanyi ko kankara shirya.
• Ka ba antispasmodics (godiya ga aikace-aikacen "No-shpy" ko "Papaverin", samar da enzymes zai rage).

Bayan an ba da taimakon farko, dole ne a kira likita a nan da nan. Dole ne a yi asibiti a asibiti. The asibiti nan da nan aka gudanar duban dan tayi ganewar asali daga m pancreatitis. Bayan an tabbatar da ganewar asali, analgesics ("Baralgin", "Analgin") an umarce su don kawar da ciwo.

Ayyuka na amfani da amino acid da glucose a cikin magani. Sun cika kayan filastik da makamashi na jiki. An riga an tsara maganin rigakafi. Ana buƙatar waɗannan kwayoyi don magancewa da hana rikice-rikicen hankula.

Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan fara magani, an saka wani bincike mai zurfi a cikin ƙananan hanji. Ya zama wajibi don aikace-aikace na hanyar abinci mai gina jiki. Yayin da aka dawo da aikin jinji, an yarda da mai haƙuri ya ci a cikin hanya na halitta. Ya kamata cin abinci ya kunshi hatsi, kayan lambu mai kwakwalwa, haɓaka.

Magunguna masu kariya a cikin kashi 87% na lokuta ya ci nasara. Sauran kashi 13 cikin dari na marasa lafiya suna bukatar tiyata. An yi shi lokacin da ganewar asirin pancreatitis ya nuna matsala mai tsanani. Makasudin maganin magani shine kamar haka:

1. Ragewar endotoxicosis. Don yin wannan, tsawaitawa da decompression na bile ducts, tsawa da tsaftacewa na ɓangaren na ciki an wajabta. A lokacin aikin, enzymes, toxins da sauran abubuwa masu ilimin halitta suna janye daga jiki.
2. Jiyya na ƙwayar cuta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na pancreatonecrosis (abscesses, fistulas, cysts, peritonitis). Don yin wannan burin, kwararru suna yin autopsy da magudi na postnecrotic, purulent cavities, resection da sequestrectomy na pancreas.

Jiyya na kullum kumburi

Idan ganewar asirin pancreatitis ya bayyana irin wannan cuta, to, za'a iya tsara wa] anda suka kamu da maganin magungunan da dama: shirye-shirye na enzyme bisa ga pancreatin (Mezim, Festal, Creon), maganin rigakafi (Abaktal, Amoksiklav, Sumamed) , Etc. A wasu lokuta (alal misali, lokacin da aka kafa pseudocyst), an buƙaci mai zurfi (mai ɓatarwa) ko kuma yin aiki mai mahimmanci.

Muhimmiyar rawa ce ta hanyar gina jiki. Lokacin da rashin lafiyar ya kara tsananta a ranar 1-2-th, an haramta mutumin da ba shi da wani abinci. Kuna iya sha ruwa kawai (1-1.5 lita kowace rana): raunin shayi, ruwa mai ma'adanin alkaline ba tare da iskar gas ba, broth of wild rose (1-2 kofuna waɗanda). A rana ta biyu ko rana ta uku an yarda ta ci. Masiyoyin mucous masu adana, shanu mai yalwa ruwa, kayan lambu purees, ruwan 'ya'yan itace jelly.

A lokacin lokacin gyarawa, dole ne a damu da wadannan sharuɗɗa:

1. Cook abinci ga 'yan biyu, a cikin wani irin kayan da aka yanka ko gasa a cikin tanda. Ki yaye mai a cikin tsabta daga abinci da iyakar gishiri gishiri zuwa 6 g kowace rana.
2. Ɗauki kananan abinci sau 5-6 a rana. Ƙwarar da zafin zafin jiki na jita-jita - ba mafi girma fiye da digo 57-62, sanyi - ba kasa da digiri 15-17 ba.
3. Baya daga cin abinci mai sinadarai, kayan yaji, kayan yaji da abinci mai gwangwani, Peas da wake, namomin kaza, carbonated da giya, kvass, 'ya'yan itace mai' ya'yan itace, kayan burodi. Za a yarda kirki da kirim mai tsami a kananan ƙanshi.

Hanyoyin da ba su da hanyoyi ba

Tare da m irin pancreatic ƙonewa, kadai daidai bayani shi ne tuntuɓi likita. Gwaji tare da mutane magunguna ga irin wannan cuta ba shi daraja. Idan bayyanar cututtuka da ganewar asali na pancreatitis sun nuna nau'in cutar, to, zaka iya gwada hanyoyin da aka ba da magani ta hanyar magani.

Sakamakon sakamako mai kyau a mafi yawancin lokuta yana ba da magani. Yin amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyi na iya inganta inganta yanayin mutanen da ke shan wahala daga mummunan kwanciyar hankali. A nan ne girke-girke don maganin gargajiya:

• Mix a daidai sassa masara stigmas, chamomile furanni da marigold, plantain ganye da Mint ciyawa;
• Ɗauki 1 tsp. Daga cakuda da kuma zuba kofuna na 2 na ruwan zãfi;
• Sanya broth a cikin wanka na ruwa na mintina 15;
• Ready to nace na tsawon minti 45 da iri.

An ba da shawarar yin ado da sha sau uku a rana don mintina 15 kafin cin abinci na 0.4, kafin a shafe shi da ruwan dumi zuwa ƙarar gilashi. Ajiye samfur a cikin firiji don har zuwa kwanaki 5.

Rigakafin pancreatitis

Zai yiwu ya hana ci gaban pancreatitis. Da farko, kana bukatar saka idanuwanka. Wasu cututtuka na ƙwayar bile da magunguna, cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili na haifar da ƙonewa na pancreas. Idan lafiyar lafiyar ku da kuma bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana, ya kamata ku nemi shawara a likita, ku ɗauki gwaje-gwajen da suka dace kuma ku yi alƙawari.

Wani muhimmin mahimmiyar tsari shine rage yawan amfani da giya. Ko da ma masu lafiya sun shawarci kada su sha giya da yawa. Tare da cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili, ya kamata a watsar da barasa gaba daya.

A ƙarshe, ya kamata a lura cewa pancreatitis (asibitin, ganewar asali, maganin wannan cuta) wani batun asibiti ne na ainihi. Idan bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana cewa nuna ƙumburi na pancreas, ya kamata ka tuntuɓi likita. Cutar da ba a kulawa ba zai iya haifar da rikitarwa mai tsanani da ke barazanar rai.