Hirschsprung cuta: bayyanar cututtuka a yara, hotuna, haddasawa, ganewar asali, jiyya

Daya daga cikin undistributed pathologies ne Hirschsprung ta cutar. An bayyana cututtuka a cikin yara a cikin maƙarƙashiya na dindindin. Wani lokaci cutar zai iya faruwa a cikin manya. Amma yawanci yara sukan sha wahala. Wannan wata cuta ne wanda aka gaji. Ana bincikarsa ne a cikin samari. Yana bayyana nan da nan bayan haihuwa. A cikin maganin, kawai aikin hannu yana da tasiri.

Halaye na pathology

Wannan cututtukan da aka bayyana a shekarar 1887 ne dan Harold Hirschprung na Danish, wanda aka ba da sunansa a baya bayanan da ake kira shi. Da farko, an kira wannan cuta a matsayin gigantism na babban hanji. Abubuwan da ke dauke da su tare da wani suna. Shi ne ake kira nakasar agangliozom ciwon. Menene cutar Hirschsprung a yara?

An kwatanta cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka (siffofin hotunan hoto) ta siffofi daban-daban, wanda ba a gina ganglia nerve a cikin ganuwar babban hanji. Wato, suna riƙe da tsokoki da ke tura kayan sarrafawa a cikin gut. Rashin ganglions na jijiya yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa tsoka ba zai aiki ba. Saboda haka, abincin ba ya motsawa cikin wurin. Wannan cututtukan suna kira Hirschsprung cutar. An bayyana cututtukan cututtuka a cikin yara a maƙarƙashiya, cututtuka da ƙumburi.

Halin na Hirschsprung cutar shine 1 zuwa 5000. Wato, daya daga cikin yara dubu biyar ne ke fama da wannan cuta. Sau da yawa cutar, kamar yadda aka nuna a sama, an gano shi a cikin samari.

Sanadin cututtuka

Kodayake cutar ta bayyana a farkon 1887, ya dauki shekaru da yawa don gano abubuwan da ke haifar da farawa da ci gaban wannan cuta.

Magunguna suna jagorancin kafofin da dama, suna haifar da ci gaba irin wannan rashin lafiya kamar cutar Hirschsprung a cikin yara.

Sanadin cutar:

1. A sakamakon binciken, an gano cewa samuwar cututtuka yana faruwa ko da a lokacin ci gaban intrauterine. Cigaban nerve, wanda zai yi aikin da ake bukata a narkewa, an kafa shi cikin tayin daga makon 5 zuwa 12 na ciki. A cikin lokuta masu wuya, ci gaba da kwayar tausin jiki a cikin tsarin narkewa na jarirai ba ya faruwa a gaba daya. A cikin babban hanji ba a kafa su ba. Sakamakon wannan farfadowar ba a riga an tayar da shi ba. An yi imani da cewa maye gurbi a cikin DNA ta bayyana kansu.
2. Sun kuma lura da ladabi a farkon wannan cuta. Idan akwai lokuta na wannan cututtukan cikin iyali, to, yiwuwar cewa yaro mara lafiya zai haife shi ne ƙwarai. Musamman idan tayin namiji ne, tun da yake yara suna fama da wannan cuta sau 4-5 sau da yawa fiye da 'yan mata.
3. A cikin yankunan da ake samun raguwa, yara da Hirschsprung cutar za su iya haifuwa.
4. Factor shafi bayyanar da cuta ne Down ta ciwo.
5. Harkokin cututtuka na iya haifar da sakamakon cututtuka na endocrin a cikin uwa.

Ƙayyadewar cutar

Akwai nau'o'in siffofin irin wannan cututtuka kamar cutar Hirschsprung (a yara). Hanyoyin cutar da aka nuna a cikin yaro zai iya nuna irin cutar.

Wadannan siffofin da Hirschsprung ke fama da su sun fito ne:

1. An biya - maƙarƙashiya ya auku a lokacin da ya fara. Yi aiki tare da su tare da taimakon wanzarwar enemas na dogon lokaci.
2. Ƙarfafa - enemas basu da tasiri. A sakamakon lalacewar, asarar nauyi ta auku. Mai haƙuri yana jin nauyi da ciwo a cikin ciki. Tare da wannan nau'i na cutar, dyspnoea da anemia ana kiyaye su. Metabolism yana shawo kan canje-canje.
3. Rarraba - zubar da ciki ba zai iya wankewa tare da enemas da tsabtacewa ba. Bayan wadannan matakan, jin dadin nauyi a cikin ƙananan ciki da damuwa ba su daina. A lokacin da ka canza rage cin abinci ko nauyi wasan motsa jiki za su iya ci gaba kaifi hanji mai shãmakacẽwa. A cikin marasa lafiya na yara, wannan tsari na cutar an kafa shi da subtotal da kuma rauni duka.
4. Hanyar ƙwayar miki - na hanji a cikin jarirai.

Hanyoyin cututtuka na pathology

Kwayar zata iya bayyana kansa a farkon kwanakin yaron. Alal misali, idan ba a ɓoye hankalin jariri a ranar farko ta rayuwa ba, to lallai ya zama dole a jarraba jariri don gano abubuwan da ya haifar da kuma tabbatar da ganewar asali. Zai yiwu wannan cutar Hirschsprung ce.

Cutar cututtuka a yara, wanda ya kamata kulawa, kama da wannan. Yaron ya ƙi cin abinci. Yana da maƙarƙashiya. Ƙunƙasa ba ruɓa ba ne. Cunkushe ciki. Akwai numfashi mai zurfi. Wannan alama ce cewa jaririn yana da cutar Hirschsprung. An bayyana cututtuka a cikin yara, a matsayin mulkin, a farkon watanni na rayuwa.

Duk da haka, ciwon zai iya jin kansa da yawa daga baya. Sabili da haka, ya kamata ka lura da hankali game da lafiyar karan. Nan da nan adireshi ga likitoci idan kun lura da alamun tunawa da rashin lafiya Hirschsprung a yarinyar.

Hanyoyin cututtuka na ilimin lissafi da za a iya kiyaye su cikin jarirai har zuwa shekara guda:

• Tsarin;
• Lag a samun nauyi;
• Ruwan ciki;
• Yuwa;
• Diarrhea.

Da yiwuwar cutar ta bayyana a shekaru masu zuwa.

Wannan rashin lafiya yana tare da wadannan bayyanar cututtuka:

• Tsarin mawuyacin hali;
• Maganar fitowa tare da ribbons;
• Ba a sake sukar hanji ba.

Menene kuma za ku kula da su?

Babban alama na cuta daga cikin manyan hanji ne na kullum maƙarƙashiya. Lokacin da ake shan nono, wannan bayyanar bazai bayyana ba. Alamar mu'ujizai suna faruwa ne kawai a lokacin lokacin da aka gabatar da abincin abinci mai gina jiki. Gudanar da amfani da enema. Amma sakamako mai kyau ne kawai a farkon. Bayan haka, amfani da enema ya dakatar da shi don samar da sakamakon da aka so.

Canje-canje a cikin girman da siffar ciki, wanda ya kasance mai sauƙi mai juyawa - waɗannan su ne alamomi da ya kamata ka kula da su. A cikin ambaliya, ƙuƙwalwa mai zurfi ana ƙaura, kuma tummy yana ɗaukar nauyin nau'i.

Saukowa da ke faruwa da wannan cuta, yana taimaka wa jiki don yantar da kanta daga tarin da yake guba shi.

Hirschsprung ta cutar za a iya gano shi a cikin girma. Wadannan marasa lafiya, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna sha wahala daga maƙarƙashiya daga yara. Suna buƙatar magani don kullun hanjinsu. Suna koka akai akai a cikin ciki, sau da yawa fuskanci flatulence.

Binciken ilimin pathology

Yana da muhimmanci a gano cutar a daidai lokacin.

Sanin gano cutar Hirschsprung a cikin yara ya hada da irin wadannan hanyoyin:

1. Binciken aikin. Ya bayyana wani abu maras kyau a cikin dubun. Akwai ƙarin aiki na sphincter.
2. Recto-manoscopy. Gano ƙyama a cikin ɓangarori marasa ƙarfi na dubun, rashin ko ƙananan sauƙi.
3. X-ray. Binciken ciwace-ciwacen da zai kara ƙullu a cikin babban hanji.
4. Irrigography. Za a kara girman madaurin haɗin zuwa 10-15 cm a diamita. Suna shimfiɗa zuwa dukan ɓangaren ɓata.
5. Hanyar barium din. Bambanci abu yana wucewa ta hanyar gastrointestinal, riƙe a babban hanji. Daga can bai bar na dogon lokaci ba. Wani lokaci yana daukan har zuwa kwanaki 5.
6. Duban dan tayi na yankin na hanji.
7. Maganganu maras amfani. An auna matsa lamba a cikin hanji.
8. Colonoscopy. Tabbatar ko ƙin bayanan da ya nuna X-ray.
9. Gishiri na ginin bene kamar Swanson. Kasancewar ganglia a cikin babban hanji an ƙaddara ta hanyar hakar wani ɓangaren bango na babban hanji.
10. Histochemistry. Ya kafa aikin da enzyme nama acetylcholinesterase.

Magunguna na Conservative

Kar ka dogara da irin wannan farfadowa. Yin jiyya na cutar Hirschsprung a cikin yara ana aiwatar da shi a mafi yawan lokuta ta hanyar m hanya. Maganin Conservative na hidima ne a matsayin shiri don kara inganta aiki.

Tattaunawar rigakafi sun hada da:

1. A wani abinci, dieting. Ana bada shawara a ci kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan mudu-madara, abincin da bazai haifar da gassing ba.
2. Massage, physiotherapy, gymnastics. Suna ta da ciwon hanzari.
3. Shafaffen enemas.
4. Gabatarwa mai ban sha'awa na maganin magungunan gina jiki da kuma hanyoyin maganin zaɓuɓɓuka.
5. Vitamin.

M magani

Wannan shine wanda ya ba wa mai haƙuri damar kawar da cutar Hirschsprung bayan gyaran.

Yaran da ya dace da yaro yana da shekaru 2-3. Yi haƙuri ga tiyata a gida. Don makonni da dama, dole ne ku bi abincin abinci, komai da jin da enemas. Abinci mai mahimmanci kullum ana ba da shawara ta likitancin likita, wanda yake la'akari da shekarun da dukkan halaye na kwayar yaron, da kuma matakan ci gaba irin wannan rashin lafiya kamar cutar Hirschsprung a cikin yara.

Bayan aikin, ya kamata likitan ya kula da jaririn shekaru 2. A wannan lokaci likita ya sa yaron ya cin abinci. Dole ne iyaye su kula da kujerar jaririn. Ana bada shawara don saka tsabtace tsabta a kowace rana, a lokaci ɗaya. Wannan wajibi ne don ci gaba da kwakwalwa na kwashe ƙuƙwalwa.

Kammalawa

Hirschsprung cutar ne mai hadarin gaske. Maiyuwa bazai bayyana nan da nan ba. A wannan yanayin, yaron yana fama da ciwo a cikin ciki, tashin zuciya, zubar da ruwa na dogon lokaci. Iyaye suna buƙatar saka idanu kan kujerun yaron kuma a wata ƙetare ya kamata su nemi likita.