Bala'i, bude wa duniya Eli Vizelem

The mutum wanda duniya gare ta ilimi na bala'i. Mutumin da ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko da aka buga bayanai game da zalunci na Yahudawa da mutane da Nazis. Eli Vizel - marubucin "Night" da labari, ya gano duniya da gaskiya game da laifuka na Nazis. Bayan tsira munin Auschwitz, ya tone ba kawai executioners, amma dukan duniya, sha'aninsu dabam da kuma shiru wucewa.

Da yake wani shahararren marubuci, ya lashe kyautar Nobel. An ba da mika taimako ga adabi, kazalika da zakara na duniya, kamar yadda irin wannan shi ya kasance har sai da na karshe kwanakin ransa - a ray na haske da wani samfurin na bil'adama, ba rashin bangaskiya a cikin alheri.

Vizel Eli. biography

Eli Vizel aka haife kan 30.09.1928, a Arewacin Transylvania, a birnin Sighet, wani addini Yahudawa iyali. Ya samu wani gargajiya addini da ilimi. Kamar yadda shi kansa ya ce, da yara da kuma matasa "shi ne a cikin Talmud." Ya yi karatu Hebrew kullum. Iyaye - Sarah da kuma Sulemanu Wiesel - sanar da shi da zuuciya xaya son Yahudawa. Kuma ya bi shi duka rayuwata.

A 1941, da birnin da wanda ya rayu Wiesel iyali da aka annexed zuwa Hungary. Tun wannan lokacin, da Nazis kashe Yahudawa, wanda ya zauna da rashin sanin abin da zukãtansu ke kara rabo. A 1943 da Nazis shagaltar da Hungary.

A Sighet, da garinsu na Eli, ya tafi da jita-jita game da haddin shari'a na Yahudawa a Warsaw duhun kai. Suka yi makoki cewa akwai ba yawa, kuma wajibi ne a sha. Saboda haka ya rubuta da kansa Vizel Eli - littafin "Forest Gate" da kuma "Night" da yawa magana game da wannan lokaci na rayuwarsa.

Amma a shekarar 1944, da Nazis fara aiwatar da wasu batattun sifofi shirin. Kawai a Hungary, fiye da 800 000 Yahudawa aka kashe a shekarar 1944. Waɗanda aka aka tura zuwa Auschwitz - taro sansani a Poland. Bayan isowa a cikin sansanin, da kuma mahaifinsa ya rabu da uwarsa da uku mata.

Uwarsa, Sarah, da kuma wani ƙaramin 'yar'uwa Tzipora a kurkuku ba tsira. Vizel Eli da mahaifinsa sun kasance a wani aiki sansanin Monowitz. Watanni takwas a kurkuku Wiesel gudanar ya zauna kusa da mahaifinsa, duk da cewa su ne ba tare da kawo karshen canjawa wuri daga daya bangaren zuwa wani.

mutuwa Maris

A hunturu na shekarar 1944 Auschwitz da aka kwashe, a matsayin ci gaban Soviet sojojin. Fursunoni aka kore da ƙafa zuwa Buchenwald - taro sansani a Jamus. Daga sanyi da yunwa, sha, da kuma rashin tausayi, da yawa masu gadi da aka kashe. A sansanin da aka 'yanci Afrilu 11, 1945. Eli mahaifin bai rayu in ga kwata 'yanci daga sansanin domin a mako, iya jure yunwa da kuma duka. A wannan lokacin, Vera Vizelya wavered. Amma tare da sabunta kuzari baya ga shi daga baya.

A rana ta uku na 'yanci Vizel Eli aka ji mummunan rauni a lokacin da makonni biyu ya kasance a cikin asibiti tsakanin rai da mutuwa. Lokacin da tashi daga matattu, ya so ya kalle kaina da kuma zo a cikin madubi. Wiesel ya rubuta da kansa, ba ya iya ganin fuskarsa taba tun bayan da ya kama. Daga cikin zurfin madubi duba matattu. Sai Eli ya samu a daya daga cikin mafaka a Paris 'Yan'uwansa mata - Hilda da Beatrice.

Early aiki

A shekarar 1948 ya shiga jam'iyyar a Sorbonne - Paris University. Karatu Psychology, falsafa, wallafe-wallafe. Bayan samun digiri ya yi aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida da kuma nan da nan ya tafi zuwa kasar Indiya, inda ya shafe shekara guda. A shekara ta 1955 ya koma Amurka da kuma a shekarar 1963 ya zama ɗan ƙasa.

Wiesel wallafe-wallafen aiki ya fara a Yiddish, daga baya aka buga a Hebrew. Sa'an nan, ya rubuta a Faransa da kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan - a cikin harshen Turanci. "Kuma na duniya ya yi shiru" - na farko littafin, wanda aka buga Eli Vizelem a Argentina a Yiddish a 1956. Bayan shekaru 2, an yi fassara zuwa Faransanci da kuma aka buga a karkashin lakabi "Night".

Yahudawa na shiru

A littafin ya kawo dukan duniya daraja. Duniya ji shi. Ba shi yiwuwa ba a ji. Vizel Eli, wanda littattafai da fallasa da azabar Nazis, da waɗanda suke sha'aninsu dabam shiru, ya wuce, a rayuwa ya kiyaye da memory na Holocaust. Daya daga cikin na farko da ya fara tura duniya al'umma don taimaka Soviet Yahudawa, to sauƙaƙa su ƙaddara baya da Iron Curtain.

A shekarar 1965, Wiesel zo da Tarayyar Soviet, fata wajen yin shaida da wuri daga cikin Yahudawa da mutane. Ya gana da wakilan al'umma. Sha'awar da abin da ya ji, kuma abin da ya gani a cikin Tarayyar Soviet Eli Vizelem ya rubuta littafin "Yahudawa bakinsa." An m littafin game da rayuwar Soviet Yahudawa. The title na littafin ya ta'allaka ne da wani biyu ma'anar.

An fara karanta wani aikin, kun yi zaton cewa littafin ne game da mutanen da suke da shiru game da su ƙaddara. Amma da karshen karatu ka gane cewa wadannan kalmomi suna magana ne da farko don Yahudawan da suke a free kasashen, domin su passivity da kuma yin kome a fuskar wasu 'wahala. Wiesel ba shiru - ya bada laccoci, ya rubuta cewa articles, Rokon zuwa kungiyoyin kasa da kasa don nuna rashin amincewarsu ga manufofin na Tarayyar Soviet.

kerawa Wiesel

A karshen 50s, Eli ya jũya zuwa ga wallafe-wallafen aiki. A gagarumin ɓangare na ayyukan da aka rubuta ta hanyar Eli Vizelem, kishin tsanani, kuma ba za'a iya mantawaba Holocaust na Yahudawa da mutane. A heroes of littafan, su matsaloli da kuma al'adar musamman Yahudawa.

Ya ga rayuwa ta hanyar Prism na Kabbalah da Talmud. Mutane da yawa littattafan da aka rubuta game da wargajewa Yahudawa da Nazis, da senselessness na kisan-kiyashi, game da rashin yiwuwar fahimta da wadannan abubuwan da suka faru daga wani addini ra'ayi. A cikin haruffa ya yayi Magana game da unacceptability na tashin hankali da kuma watsi domin yancin yan Adam, da kuma nuna bambanci rashin tunani.

Da yawa daga cikin laccoci da kuma articles aka sadaukar domin 'yan gudun hijira, mutane hana bangaskiya, da sunan da kasa. Mutane tsaye a kan gãɓar rãmi na zama. Great taimako Eli Vizelem da aka gabatar a cikin harkokin da suka rasa muhallinsu da kuma 'yan gudun hijira. Zamantakewa da siyasa da kungiyoyin kula da matsaloli na wadannan mutane. Wiesel wahayi matsananciyar bege ga mafi rabo a kan mutum hallara, kuma ka dõgara.

Eli Vizel. marubucin

• "Night", shekarar 1958.
• "Forest Gate", 1966.
• "Breaking Dawn", 1960.
• "Day", 1961.
• "Yahudawa na Shiru", 1966.
• "Urushalima bara" a 1968.
• "Chassidic farin ciki", 1971.
• "A da rantsuwa a Kolviyyake", 1973.
• "Zalman, ko Divine hauka", 1968.
• "Biyar Ɗan", 1983.
• "A magariba, da nesa", shekarar 1987.

Outdoor ayyuka

Vizel Eli, kamar yadda wani farfesa Yahudawa Nazarin, ya sanar da a Georgetown, Boston da kuma Yale jami'o'i. Na yi tafiya da yawa a duniya da kuma lectured, magana a taro. Ya jagoranci wani aiki rayuwar zamantakewa.

• 1980-1986 shekaru - shugaban Holocaust Museum a Los Angeles.
• 1985 - sãka musu da majalisa mindar.
• 1986 - lashe kyautar Nobel.
• 2006 - bayar da lakabi na cibiyar Knight.

Yuli 2, 2016 a New York mutu Eli Vizel - a humanist da kuma malama wanda ya sadaukar da dukan rai a gwagwarmayar kare hakkin dan adam. Ya yi kokarin kai wa dukan 'yan adam da darajar da' yanci. Kare da aika mugunta daga waɗanda ba da ilimi, ko da yiwuwar kare hakkinsu.