Art. 131 daga cikin Laifin Laifin Laifi. Rape. Lambar Kisa

A cikin laifin shari'ar, hukuncin azabar fyade yana samuwa a cikin fasaha. 131. Wannan aikin an bayyana a matsayin sadarwar jima'i tare da yin amfani da ayyukan ta'addanci ko tare da barazanar amfani da su ga wadanda aka kashe. Ana gudanar da wanda ake gudanar da shi a ƙarƙashin Art. 131 kuma a yanayin yanayin sadarwa tare da mutum marar sani.

Shari'ar doka

Lambar Shari'ar ba ta canza yanayin ba, wanda ya kasance a cikin Art. 117 daga cikin Dokar 1960. Sabuwar doka ta haɗa da canje-canje na bayyana wasu alamun laifin. Alal misali, barazanar yin jima'i ya fara zama da bala'in a matsayin barazanar tashin hankali. Tare da wannan, sabon sharuɗɗan ya haɗa da alamun yiwuwar aikace-aikace ga wasu mutane fiye da wadanda suka ji rauni. An sake sake gwada abun da ke cikin Art. 131-132 na Dokar Kisa. Abubuwan da ke cikin ma'anar "jima'i" an rage su sosai. An lalata siffofin fyade da aka lalata su a kan abin da ke aikatawa a ƙarƙashin fasaha. 132 kuma an san shi da tashin hankali na dabi'a.

Alamun haɓaka

A cikin Art. 131 daga cikin Laifin Laifin Laifi sun haɗa da wasu laifuka waɗanda ba a kunshe ba a cikin Tsohon Code. Sun hada da:

1. Dokar da mutum ya yi ya aikata laifin aikata laifuka.
2. Sakamakon mutuwar (Sashe na 4, Mataki na ashirin da 131 na Laifin Laifin Laifi).
3. Sanar da mummunan mummunan hali ga wanda aka azabtar ko wasu mutane.
4. Kamuwa da cuta na wanda aka azabtar da cuta na al'ada (Mataki na ashirin da 131, sashi na 2 na Babban Laifin Shari'a na Rasha).
5. Cutar da mummunan cutar ga lafiyar jiki ko wasu sakamakon da ya dace ga mace.
6. Kamuwa da cuta tare da wanda aka kamu da cutar HIV (Sashe na 3, Mataki na ashirin da takwas na Laifin Laifi).

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan siffofi sun kasance a baya an dauki su a matsayin wani ɓangare na hadaddun sakamakon tsananin nauyin da ya haifar da fyade. Art. 131 a cikin duniyar zamani ba ya ambace su, amma ya hada da waɗannan abubuwa a cikin ƙungiyoyi masu cancanta.

Canje-canje

Art. 131 daga cikin Laifin Laifin Laifi sunyi saurin daidaitawa. FZ Nama 162, alal misali, yanayin da ya cancanta na ma'anar "maimaitawa ko aikata wani laifi da ya aikata laifin jima'i" an cire shi. Dokar Dokar A'a. 215 ta haɓaka alhakin yin jima'i da kananan yara da kananan yara. Dokar ta Tarayya ta kasa ta nuna alamar masaniyar mai cin zarafin game da shekarun da aka ce wadanda suka mutu. Dokar ta 377 ta hada da ƙarin hukunce-hukunce ga ma'aikatan da suka dace. Ana wakilta shi ta hanyar hana 'yanci. Bugu da ari tsaurara al'amurra da bugun fanareti ga fyade da minors da juveniles FZ lambar 14. Domin ayyukan azurta ɗaurin rai da rai ga mutane a baya kaso na jima'i hari da qananan. Bugu da ƙari, Art. 131 ya ba wadanda ke fama da shekarun shekaru 12 ba a gane cewa suna cikin yanayin rashin lafiya.

Abu

Kamar yadda ya zane. 131 kiran 'yanci na' yanci ko kuma inviolability na mata. Magana na karshe ya shafi wadanda ba su kai shekaru 16 ba, ko kuma basu iya yin izinin jima'i saboda lalatawa ko wasu ƙwayar tunani. Ƙarin abubuwa masu ƙwarewa zasu iya zama:

1. Ƙaruwa marar kyau.
2. Rayuwa da lafiyar mata.
3. Tsarin al'ada na ƙananan ƙananan ko ƙananan ƙwayoyin tunani da na jiki.

A matsayin wanda ake azabtar da fyade, kawai mace za a iya la'akari. A halin yanzu, tambayar yin la'akari da shi a matsayin irin wannan ba zai iya dogara akan yanayin tunaninta, matsayin zamantakewa, halin da ya gabata ba, ko dabi'a.

Art. 131 CC: yi sharhi a gefen haƙiƙa

Wannan ɓangare na laifin ya haɗa da:

1. Hanyar yin jima'i.
2. Hanyoyi dabam dabam na yin aiki (yin amfani da tashin hankali ko barazana ga aikace-aikace ga mace ko wasu mutane, rashin lafiyarsa).

Bisa ga wannan, ana nuna nau'ikan nau'i uku:

1. Masu tuhuma suna da laifi ga tashin hankali da mata ko wasu batutuwa.
2. Amfani da rashin taimako na wanda aka azabtar.
3. Barazanar tashin hankali.

Idan mutum yana neman jima'i daga wanda aka azabtar ta hanyar wasu hanyoyi - alkawari na aure, yaudara, da dai sauransu, to, irin wannan hali ba zai iya cancanta ba a ƙarƙashin fasaha. 131. A cikin wasu wallafe-wallafen akwai alamun cewa wasu nau'i na yaudara sun hadu da rashin goyon bayan wanda aka azabtar. Alal misali, mace ta shiga cikin jima'i, tare da yin kuskure game da ainihin abokin auren ɗan'uwan aure (ɗauke da baƙo ga matar aure, alal misali), ko saboda jahilci da kuma ƙarƙashin rinjayar bayanan ƙarya, ta fahimci lamba a matsayin wani bangare mai mahimmanci na tsarin likita. A waɗannan lokuta, bisa ga wasu marubucin, irin waɗannan ayyukan za a iya zama kamar fyade, wanda aka aikata ta yin amfani da rashin taimako na wanda aka azabtar, wanda ba shi da masaniya game da muhimmancin zamantakewa da yanayin ayyukan da ake amfani da ita.

Takardar laifi

A matsayin mutum mutum zai iya zama mutum wanda ya kai shekaru 14. The mace a wasan share fagen shiga na laifi iya zama kawai co-haƙĩ. Wannan shi ne yanayin idan ya yi amfani da tasirin jiki don shawo kan juriya da wanda aka azabtar a yayin cin zarafin yanki (Mataki na ashirin da 131, sashi na 2). Kamar yadda da aikata wannan laifi ayyukan da mutum wanda ya ƙawãta ko in ba haka ba inducing wani abin da ba za a iya kawo wa da adalci (mahaukaci ko minors), don ya aikata tilasta ma'amala. A wannan yanayin, babu wani haɓaka.

Manufofin da dalilai

Ba su zama abubuwa masu mahimmanci na abun da ke ciki ba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, fyade yana da hakuri don cika bukatun - a kan jima'i. Duk da haka, akwai wasu lokuta. Alal misali, da fyade za a iya aikata daga kishi, hooliganism da sauransu. Akwai lokuta na zalunci daga fansa a matsayin amsa ga rashin yarda da wanda aka azabtar ya auri, aikin "don haya" don son kai. Bisa ga sakamakon binciken bincike na zamantakewa, tun daga farkon karni na 21 a Rasha, an hayar da kimanin kashi 3 cikin dari na mata fyade maimakon yin amfani da su ga 'yan sanda don aiwatar da tashin hankali akan' ya'ya mata, 'yan'uwa mata ko mata na masu laifi.

Shari'a ta ci gaba da tasowa

Idan da dama ba a katse hankalin jima'i ba ko kuma akwai wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin su, kuma yanayin da ake yi wa fyade ya nuna wani ƙuri'a na mai ɗaukar nauyin aikata aiki kamar haka, to wannan aikin ana ɗauka a matsayin ci gaba daya. Idan akwai wani lokaci mai tsawo a tsakanin laifuka, ko kuma idan babu haɗin kai, to an yi aiki a matsayin salo. Art. An lasafta 131 a cikin wannan hali sau da yawa ta yawan jinsin fyade.

Yanayin haɓaka

Dangane da gaskiyar cewa wasu ayyukan da ke da jima'i, sai dai don yin jima'i, ba a rufe su da waɗanda aka ƙayyade a cikin Art ba. 131 abun da ke ciki, su aikace-aikace a tilasta aiwatar kafin ko bayan aikin kafa jerin laifuffuka, ciki har da siffofin ake magana a kai a cikin Art. 132. Don cancantar yin aiki, wanzuwar lokacin rata tsakani tsakanin abubuwa ba kome ba ne. Hakazalika, an yi la'akari da fyade tare da tashin hankali a kan wadanda ke fama da su a lokaci daya.

Cũta mai tsanani

Kuskuren kisa na kullun, lalacewar lafiyar matsakaicin matsakaici da digiri ya rufe nauyin abun da ke cikin tambaya. Wadannan ayyukan ba su buƙatar cancanta a cikin tara ba. Amma idan an yi amfani da tashin hankali, ko kuma idan an yi amfani da barazanar yin amfani da shi akan wasu mutane, ana ganin waɗannan ayyukan bisa ga abubuwan da suka dace. Idan aka yi mummunar cutar da lafiyar wanda aka azabtar a yayin yin jima'i, ko aikin da ya haɗa da shi, an ware shi a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 111. Damage zuwa yanayin jiki ta hanyar sakaci an rufe shi ta Sashe na 3, Art. 131 na Dokar Laifin Laifi (a cikin sakin layi "b"). Ba a buƙata ƙarin ƙarin cancanta a wannan yanayin ba. Ayyukan wannan batun, wanda a lokacin yin jima'i da gangan ya haifar da mummunan cutar ga lafiyar mace, wanda baya haifar da mutuwarsa, idan babu wani alamu a cikin ƙaddara bisa ga Sashe na 1, Art. 131 da kashi 4, fasaha. 111.

Kashe

Idan ya aikata shi a lokacin fyade, aikin ya cancanta bisa ga dukan abubuwan da aka tsara na Art. 105 (h. 2) da 131. Idan kisan ya faru bayan zagi ko yunkurin rufe laifuka na biya ga juriya da aka azabtar, laifi yana dauke kama hanya a kan biyu articles. A cikin wasu wallafe-wallafen akwai ra'ayi cewa gyaran da aka yi a cikin Art. 16 na Dokar Dokar Tarayya ta Yuli 21, 2004, ta buƙaci cancantar yin fyade, ta hanyar kisan kai, a matsayin abin da ya shafi azaba mai tsanani. Masu marubuta irin waɗannan wallafe-wallafen sun gaskata cewa wannan aikin ya kamata a yi la'akari da kisan kai, kuma takunkumin ya kamata ya zama mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi, la'akari da ƙarin ayyuka na mai aikatawa - cin zarafin wanda aka azabtar. Saboda haka, dole ne a sanya hukunci ta musamman a ƙarƙashin abu "k", sashi na 2, fasaha. 105. Amma wannan fassarar laifin aikata laifuka ba ta tabbatar da hakan ba. Kotun Tsarin Mulki, musamman, ya ba da bayani ga daya daga cikin ayyukan da aka aikata a cikin yanayin. Kungiyar da aka ba da izini ta bayyana cewa kisan da aka yi a lokacin fyade na wanda aka azabtar ya cancanci ta hade da waɗannan abubuwa biyu.