Anaphylactoid halayen: cututtuka da bincike da kuma rarrabuwa

Da ya faru na rashin lafiyan (anaphylactic) halayen sa da exogenous jamiái, kuma da ya kwarara halayyar nan da nan irin hypersensitivity. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, halin da jiki ta mayar da martani iya zama rai-barazanar likita yanayin na fata, numfashi da kuma cardio-jijiyoyin bugun gini ayyuka. Bayan na farko lamba tare da antigen farawa tsara Ige antibodies musamman ga manufar da aka nufa. Sun ci tare da Kwayoyin alhakin rigakafi tafiyar matakai, da kuma a can ne wayar da antigen.

Ta yaya wani rashin lafiyan dauki?

Wani hit inganta a saki da allergen alhakin rigakafi Kwayoyin ƙarfin bioactive abubuwa, musamman histamine. A lokacin mika mulki daga sunadarai matakai don pathological Physiology m canje-canje suna nuna da farko a cikin jini, da Lymph nodes, Bronchial m tsoka da cewa taimaka wa ci gaba da kuma farkon bayyanuwar wadannan syndromes:

• akan rage jijiyoyin bugun gini sautin;
• kwatsam ƙanƙancewa na m tsoka nama na hanji, bronchi, mahaifa.
• krovosvortyvaemosti keta.
• kumburi da kuma kumburi daga jini.

A bambanci ga rashin lafiyan, anaphylactoid dauki, wanda sau da yawa kira na karya-likita, babu Ige-sulhu tsakani antibody da basophils. Duk da kama daga cututtuka martani tsari, biyu ne manifestations jimlace hypersensitivity martani da kwayoyin.

Drug alerji haddasa anaphylactoid halayen

Anaphylactoid halayen - shi ne ma a saki histamine, sau da yawa riga a farko lamba tare da wani irritant. Pseudoallergic a halin yanzu wakiltar wani fairly fadi da kewayon. Paradoxically, wannan dauki na jiki ne sau da yawa haka al'amarin a lokacin da shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, sauqaqa allergies.

Anaphylactic da anaphylactoid halayen nan da nan irin faruwa quite sau da yawa bayan gabatarwar tsoka relaxants, maganin rigakafi, m magunguna, opioids, gida anesthetics magunguna, alurar riga kafi, hormone far, atropine da kuma B bitamin zuwa allergens kuma sun hada da magani, antigens amfani a cikin likita da kuma bincike dalilai to gane fata, venereal cututtuka. A lokuta da alerji zuwa Latex kayayyakin. A kowa sabon abu ne dauke anaphylactoid dauki zuwa lidocaine a matsayin gida m miyagun ƙwayoyi amfani da sau da yawa, amma da hadaddun sunadarai abun da ke ciki na iya haifar da illa har ma a wani m kwayoyin, wanda alerji da miyagun ƙwayoyi aka gyara ba na hali.

Nemedikametoznye samuwar kasashe

Idan muka yi la'akari da lokuta da martani na jiki zuwa samuwar kasashe wadanda ba pharmacological yanayi, akwai kagaggun "matsala" na iya zama abinci:

• strawberries.
• Shellfish.
• zuma.
• kwayoyi.
• namomin kaza.
• Wasu irin kifi.
• qwai.
• Citrus.

Anaphylactoid halayen na iya faruwa a lokacin da wani kwari da cizo ko guba invertebrate fauna. Marasa lafiya suna kullum fuskantar rashin lafiyan halayen da ba da magani yanayi, da wata babbar hadarin anaphylaxis a cikin hali na tiyata a karkashin janar maganin sa barci.

rarrabuwa na anaphylaxis

Saboda haka ta faru da rarrabuwa na rashin lafiyan halayen. A farko naúrar hada da wani iri-iri na anaphylactic halayen wanda ya kasu kashi sulhu tsakani Ige, IgG sulhu tsakani da Ige-sulhu tsakani da kuma ta jiki kaya. Pseudoallergy anaphylactoid halayen sulhu tsakani da wani sauki saki masu shiga tsakani, bi da wani kira jawo by mataki na kwayoyi, daukan hotuna zuwa abinci da kuma ta jiki dalilai. A raba category protrude anaphylactoid halayen da mastocytosis. sulhu tsakani rigakafi gidaje, immunoglobulin aggregates lokacin gudanar antisera da antibody sulhu tsakani cytotoxic, radiopaque abubuwa.

Ta yaya ne anaphylaxis?

Morphine da yawa barbiturates, tsoka relaxants, pethidine iya shafar kitsen Kwayoyin, haddasa a saki histamine. A wannan asibiti hoto dogara a kan sashi da kuma inflow kudi a cikin jiki na aiki sinadaran. Yi ya nuna cewa da dauki faruwa yawanci benign, iyakance kawai nuni a kan fata.

Anaphylactoid halayen (ICD-10 bayar da wannan pathological ciwo) ne halin da unpredictability na gaba gaba da kuma yiwu cikakken rashin bayani game da baya rashin lafiyan martani kan antigens. Tun da sakamakon anaphylaxis crane kawo hadari ga kiwon lafiya da kuma rayuwa, yana da muhimmanci ga farkon ganewa na rikitarwa da kuma daukar dace mataki. Ko da kuwa da inji ko anaphylactic pseudoallergic kara kuzari bayyanar cututtuka zai iya bambanta muhimmanci. Sanye da wani zalla mutum halitta, bayyananen iya Range daga kadan Jump a jini da kuma fata na gaggawa zuwa ga mai tsanani bronchospasm da kuma rushewar aiki na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin.

A wannan mataki, shi ne mai sauki a lura da wani bambanci psevdoallergenov mataki a jiki. A halin yanzu, anaphylactoid halayen, da bayyanar cututtuka na wanda za a iya gano daidaiku ko yi a da dama haduwa, shi ne babu kasa mai hadarin gaske.

Symptomatology anaphylactoid dauki

Ãyõyin wani rashin lafiyan dauki a wani haƙuri yana dauke a cikin falke:

• dizziness.
• total jiki rauni.
• zuciya kari cuta (tachycardia, fibrillation).
• ragewan jini;
• shortness na numfashi, fuka-haren, da kuma broncho-laryngospasm, na huhu edema da makogwaro.
• fata kona, itching kurji, amya, redness integuments, angioedema .
• hanji cramps, tashin zuciya, zawo da amai.
• babu wani bugun jini.
• zuciya da jijiyoyin jini auka.
• deceleration kuma da hana zuciya.

M rikitarwa bayan anaphylactoid halayen

A mafi girma barazana a kanta babban mai buga, a hade tare da bronchospasm. Bayan wani lokaci (daga 30 seconds zuwa awa daya, wani lokacin 2-3 hours) da antigen shiga jiki na inganta rashin lafiyan pathological tafiyar matakai a cikin jiki. Sun fi mayar da dauki dogara a kan siffar da kara kuzari shigar azzakari cikin farji (baki ko parenterally). Rapid ci gaba ne sau da yawa a cikin hanyar mutuwa, haddasa kwatsam m na numfashi insufficiency, m perfusion matsa lamba maniyyi, wanda ya auku saboda kwatsam gazawar da Sistem, cerebral hemorrhage ko edema, illa aiki na kara, jijiya thrombosis.

A rana ta biyu bayan fama da tura barazana ga rayuwa da kuma dawo da ita concomitant cuta ci gaban sa da wani rashin lafiyan dauki kan bango. Ko bayan mako biyu, hadarin da rikitarwa shi ne har yanzu high. Akai-akai, bayan anaphylaxis , likitoci gane asali irin cututtuka da kuma tabarbarewa:

• ciwon huhu.
• vasculitis.
• koda da hanta gazawar, hepatitis, glomerulonephritis.
• epidermal necrolysis.
• myocarditis.
• amosanin gabbai.

Similar effects iya haddabar anaphylactic da anaphylactoid halayen. Ba kamar anaphylactic buga wadannan pathologies ne cewa karshen bukatar kafin wayar da ba su iya ci gaba a taron na farko da abu-allergen.

anaphylaxis magani

Dama yi gaggawa magani regimen bisa ga ganewar asali so kawai tarihi, don haka yana da muhimmanci a tattara shi. Alerji symptomatology, watau. E. The asibiti hoto, kuma tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yin wani speedy yanke shawara. Duk da haka, ya fi dogara da cikakken amsar wannan tambaya game da ganewar asali za a iya samu bayan alerji da immunology dakin gwaje-gwaje da bincike. A daidai wannan lokaci, a kan tushen da m jihar na haƙuri, musamman likita nan da nan taimako da ya kamata a bayar, kamar yadda a cikin hali na bugun zuciya, ko numfashi kama - rãyar da mataki.

A mataki na amincewa da muhimmi Sanadin rashin lafiyan mayar da martani, cikin jiki ta aiki ne a gudanar da cikakken sikelin-likita bambanci ganewar asali. Wannan irin binciken ne aka yi nufi ga ware da yiwu rinjayar dalilai ba a hade tare da histamine saki.

Irin wannan dauki da kwayoyin zuwa wasu wadanda ba rashin lafiyan haddasawa

Mafi sau da yawa, anaphylactic da anaphylactoid halayen (abin da shi ne da kuma mafi hatsari cuta, shi ne muhimmanci a san mutanen da suke yiwuwa ga ma mafi innocuous a duban farko, rashin lafiyan halayen a cikin nau'i na rhinitis) da kamanni tare da wasu dalilai, yiwuwar iya sa bronchospasm, hypotension:

• yawan abin sama na anesthetics.
• thrombosis a sakamakon iska entrapment ko atherosclerosis;
• nauyi tsammãni daga ciki abinda ke ciki ciwo.
• tsokar zuciya infarction, pericardial tamponade.
• kwamin na tara buga.
• na huhu edema da kuma sauran cututtuka ba a hade tare da allergies.

Gaggawa kula a lokacin da samun saurin bunkasuwar matsayin anaphylactic ko anaphylactoid dauki kusan ba ya bambanta daga hadaddun ayyuka da nufin kawar da magani daga anaphylactic buga.

Hanya don gaggawa mataki

Tare da ci gaban da nasaba cancantar likitoci da kuma samar da kulawa a cikin mafi kusa gaba ne key zuwa nasara magani. Karin bayanai na anaphylaxis taimako na gaggawa irin su ne m nassi na dama, saukarwa:

1. Gabatarwa unconfirmed amma yiwuwar hatsari antigen ya kamata a katse.
2. Anaphylactic ko anaphylactoid halayen (photo a cikin labarin ya nuna ya fi kowa bayyanar cututtuka da kuma alamun cutar), wanda tasowa a lokacin maganin sa barci ko a lokacin aiki, na bukatar hanzarta dakatar. Ya kamata a yi wani ingancin rajistan shiga a kan gaskiyar da gabatarwar allergens. Tare da kaifi Jump a jini saukar zuwa katse samar da m. A hali na bronchospasm m amfani da inhaled anesthetics.
3. Samun iska da kuma airway dole ne a tabbatar ko a wancan mataki, a lokacin da haƙuri ba a muhimmanci rincabewa. A intubation huhu bukatar kullum, har sai, har sai da shi ne gaba daya bayyana cewa airway bayar da jiki da kanta.
4. Anaphylactoid halayen, wanda magani na bukatar igiyar jini gwamnati na adrenaline, babban mai hadarin da haƙuri, ko da sa'o'i da dama bayan da kau da bronchospasm. Sashi kan maimaita gwamnatin epinephrine za a iya ƙara saboda abu yana da kyau sakamako a kan karfafawa da mast Kwayoyin, rage jijiyoyin bugun gini permeability na endothelium, wanda yana da muhimmanci a lura da anaphylaxis.
5. A cikin m bukatar farfado da yake da muhimmanci a kara ƙara na zagawa da ruwa a cikin jiki. A saboda wannan dalili, likitoci sa a manyan diamita catheter intravenously (Vienna amfani iya ba ko da yaushe zama cibiyar - a lokacin da ta search iya wasa da haƙuri da yanayin) da kuma zuba a cikin 'yan lita na crystalloid.
6. Lokacin da ba shi yiwuwa a gane allergens, wanda ya faru a sakamakon anaphylactoid dauki, ya kamata kula don amfani a lokacin haƙuri lamba latex abubuwa. M safar hannu, da kwayoyi, ya] auki ta hanyar wani latex hula vials, urinary catheters - duk wannan zai iya fararwa anaphylaxis.

Bayan gaggawa magani daga anaphylactoid halayen (kazalika da anaphylactic) na bukatar wani dogon hanya na far domin hana kōmōwa cutar. A rashin kula da umarnin likitoci na kara hadarin fadada cikin kewayon m allergens.

Bi-up magani

Daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi far shirin bronchospasm muhimmiyar rawa nasa ne da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Salbutomol" iya sauya shi, "aminophylline". Idan zai yiwu, wani ƙarin makõma zuwa inhalation amfani isoproterenol ko ortsiprenalina. Tun anaphylactoid halayen - shi ne mai asibiti bayyanuwar tsari, a cikin abin da cututtuka iya zama hadaddun, shi wajibi ne don amfani da glucocorticoids (msl, "Dexamethasone" "hydrocortisone") constraining aiwatar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini auka.

Yawanci cupping anaphylactic buga tare da m m taka tsantsan likitoci. Gaskiyar cewa ci gaban da marigayi tabarbarewa iya ko da yaushe suna da wani wuri, don haka tare da wani mataki na tsanani daga cikin haƙuri asibiti ne bayyananne bayani. M da kuma likitoci yi imani da zuwan fata bincike a kan ganewa na musamman antibodies.

Prophylaxis na anaphylactic da anaphylactoid dauki

Na sosai likita tarihi - mafi kyau awo na yin rigakafi da rigakafin sake anaphylaxis. Bayan tattara dukan zama dole bayani game da hanya da cuta, za a iya gano marasa lafiya a hadarin, kuma domin sanin abin da ya zai fuskanci sake anaphylactoid halayen. Abin da ake nufi?

Tun da kowane m hari zai iya faru da yawa wa mutum marasa lafiya bukatar meticulous selection da kwayoyi da kuma sa barci, da kuma a lokacin m kula. Kafin jini ga mutãne nemãsu anaphylaxis, gudanar da wani gwaji jarrabawa don karfinsu tare da wasu jini kayayyakin.

Alerji zuwa latex kayayyakin predetermines nan gaba hali daban-daban jan ba tare da yin amfani da irin wannan kudi.