Aksenov Vasily: biography, kuma mafi kyau littattafai na marubuci

Aksenov Vasiliy Pavlovich - aka sani a fadi da'irori na Rasha marubuci. Ayyukansa suna imbued tare da ruhun free, wuya da kuma m, wani lokacin surreal, kada ka bar sha'aninsu dabam ba guda karatu. A labarin da biography Vasily Aksenov da jerin da ya fi ban sha'awa da wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu za a dauke.

farkon shekaru

A 1932, a kan Agusta 20 a Kazan Pavel Aksenov, shugaban Kazan City Majalisar, da kuma Eugenia Ginzburg, wani malamin da Kazan Pedagogical Institute, ya aka haife dan Basil. Bisa ga lissafi a cikin iyali ya kasance na uku yaro, amma kawai na kowa. Sa'ad da yake ba tukuna shekaru biyar da haihuwa, iyaye biyu (a farko uwar, sai mahaifinta) aka kama shi kuma sai dan kaso, kowane to shekaru goma a kurkuku. Samun Stalin ta sansanonin, Eugenia Ginzburg baya fitarda wani littafi na memoirs na zamanin da danniya "guguwa", wanda ya gaya game da shekara goma sha takwas ya ciyar a kurkuku, a zaman talala, da Kolyma sansani. Amma yanzu ba game da cewa, muna da sha'awar a biography Vasily Aksenov.

Bayan cikar iyaye na mazan yara - Alyosha (dan Yevgenia Ginzburg) da kuma Maya ( 'yar Pavel Aksenov) - aka dauka zuwa iyali upbringing. Kuma Vasya kan tilas aika zuwa marayu yara na laifin (kaka yaron so ya ci gaba da shi, amma bai ba da damar su). A shekara ta 1938 ne, ɗan'uwan Petra Aksenova, Andreyan, ya nemi fita da yaro a Kostroma yara gida da kuma dauki ga kansa. Har shekara ta 1948, Bob zauna tare da dangi a kan wajen uba, Motti Aksenova har saki daga kurkuku a 1947, macen ta ya ba ta samu izinin matsawa da danta da Kolyma. Daga baya, marubucin Vasily Aksyonov bayyana su Magadan matasa a cikin labari "Ku ƙõne."

Ilimi da kuma aikin

A shekarar 1956 ya sauke karatu daga Birnin Leningrad, Medical Institute 'yan'uwanmu da kuma rarraba yi aiki a matsayin likita a cikin Baltic Shipping Company a kan seagoing tasoshin. Duk da haka, ha} uri da aka ba ba, duk da cewa iyayensu sun kasance a lokacin gyara. Akwai shaida da cewa Aksenov Vasily rigakafi yi aiki a matsayin likita a Karelia, a cikin Far Arewa, a cikin tarin fuka asibiti a Moscow (bisa ga sauran bayanai, ya mai ba da shawara a cikin Research Institute of tarin fuka a Moscow), kazalika da a cikin kasuwanci tashar jiragen ruwa na Leningrad.

A farkon da wallafe-wallafen aiki

Professional marubuci Aksyonov za a iya daukan a shekarar 1960. A shekarar 1959, ya rubuta wani labari "abokan aiki" (a kan shi a shekarar 1962 aka harbe wannan fim), a shekarar 1960 - da samfurin na "Star Ticket" (cikin movie "My kadan wa" da aka yin fim da shi a 1962), biyu shekaru daga baya - labari "lemu daga Morocco", da kuma a shekara ta 1963 - labari "shi ne lokaci, abokina, yana da lokaci." Sa'an nan ya zo cikin littafin Vasiliya Aksenova "catapult" (1964) da kuma "Halfway zuwa Moon" (1966). Ya taka "Koyaushe a kan sale", wanda a wannan shekara sa a kan mataki "Littafi" da aka rubuta a shekarar 1965. A shekarar 1968 ya buga labarin satirical almarar Genre "Overstocked Marufi ganga". A sittin karni na ashirin da ayyukan Vasily Aksenov sau da yawa buga a cikin "Matasa" mujallar. Marubuci da shekaru da yawa aiki a cikin Editorial jirgin ta wannan ɗaba'ar.

seventies

"- wani abin tunawa da kakana," a shekara ta 1972 - kashi na biyu - na farko da wani ɓangare na kasada litattafan yara da aka buga a 1970, "A akwati a wadda wani abu da aka karan." A shekarar 1971 ya buga labari "Love na wutar lantarki" (game da Leonid Krasin), rubuta a tarihi-sada salo. A shekara daga baya, a mujallar "New World" gwaji aikin da aka buga a karkashin lakabi "The search for da salo." A shekara ta 1972, labari "Dzhin grin - untouchable" aka kuma Ya halitta, wadda ta kasance parody na mataki movie game da 'yan leƙen asirin. Sama da shi Aksenov Vasily yi aiki tare da Gregory Pozhenyanom da Oleg Gorchakov. A samfurin zo ya wallafa Grivadiya Gorpozhaks (pseudonym da mai hade da sunayen da Surnames uku marubuta). A shekarar 1976, marubucin fassara daga Ingilishi labari "Ragtime," Doctorow Edgar Lawrence.

Outdoor ayyuka

Biography of Vasily Aksenov cika da matsaloli da kuma wahalhalu. A watan Maris na shekarar 1966, yayin da halartar wata zanga-zanga da yunkurin don ya rehabilitate Stalin a Moscow a kan Red Square, marubucin tsare mayakan. A cikin shekaru biyu, Aksenov sa ya sanya hannu a cikin jerin haruffa aika zuwa ga tsaron gida na adawa, kuma aka tsawata wa a gare shi da Moscow reshe na Writers 'Union tare da shigarwa cikin kasuwanci.

Nikita Khrushchev a wani taro tare da kawo dukkan a 1963 sharply soki Vasily Aksenov da Andrey Voznesensky. Lokacin da ya gama "narke", marubucin ya ayyukansu sun daina buga a gida. A shekarar 1975, an rubuta labari "Ku ƙõne", wanda muka ambata. A cikin littafin ban fatan Vasily Aksenov. "A Island na Crimea" - wani labari a cikin fantasy Genre - kamar yadda aka asali halitta da marubucin ba tare da fata cewa samfurin za a sake a buga da kuma ganin duniya. A wannan lokaci (1979) sharhi na marubuci ya zama mafi m, shi ya fara zamewa irin epithets a matsayin "anti-kasa", "ba Soviet". Amma a 1977-1978 Aksenov ayyukan fara bayyana kasashen waje, yafi a Amurka.

Tare da Erofeev Viktor Iskanda Fazil, Belloy Ahmadulinoy, Bitovym Andreem da Evgeniem Popovym Aksenov Vasily zama co-tallafa da Oganeza na Almanac "Metropol" a shekarar 1978. A tace Soviet tura ya bai buga ba, amma ya buga a Amurka. "Elaboration" sa'an nan hõre duk mahalarta da Almanac. Wannan ya biyo ta fitar daga Writers 'Union Yerofeyev da Popov, kuma a cikin zanga-zangar da Vasily Aksenov, tare da Semenom Lipkinym da Inna Lisnyanskaya ma ta sanar da janyewa daga cikin hadin gwiwa.

Rayuwa a Amurka

A bisa gayyatar da bazara na 1980 da marubuci bar for Amurka, kuma a shekarar 1981, domin shi da aka hana na dan kasa na Tarayyar Soviet. Aksyonov zauna a Amurka har 2004. A lokacin da ya tsaya a can, ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa Rasha adabi a daban-daban jami'o'i a Amurka: Kennan Institute (daga 1981 zuwa 1982-th), a Jami'ar Washington (daga 1982 zuwa 1983-th), Goucher College (tun 1983, da kuma 1988 th), Mason University (daga 1988 zuwa 2009). Kamar yadda wani dan jarida daga 1980 zuwa 1991. Aksenov Vasily ya hada kai tare da "Radio Liberty", "Voice of America" Almanac "fi'ili" da kuma mujallar "nahiyar". Radioocherki marubuci da aka buga a cikin "shekaru goma na ƙiren ƙarya" tarin aka buga a 2004.

A cikin United States ga hasken na rubuta, amma ba a buga a Rasha ayyukansu "Ku ƙõne", "Golden lronburg mu", "A Island na Crimea", wani tarin "dama zuwa tsibirin." Duk da haka, a Amurka ya ci gaba da haifar da Vasily Aksenov "Moscow Saga" (Trilogy, 1989, 1991, 1993), "Korau kyau gwarzo" (tarin gajerun labarai, 1995), "New Sweet Style" (wani labari game da rayuwar Soviet baƙi a Amurka, 1996) - duk da wannan aka rubuta a cikin tsawon rai a Amurka. A marubuci halitta ayyuka ba kawai a Rasha, labari "The gwaiduwa daga cikin kwai" (ko da yake ya aka baya fassara by marubucin) da aka rubuta a cikin harshen Turanci, a 1989. A bisa gayyatar da Jack Matlock, Jakadan {asar Amirka, a karo na farko tun lokacin da za a} asashen waje (shekaru tara) Aksenov zo da Tarayyar Soviet. A shekarar 1990 da marubuci ya kõma zuwa ga Soviet dan kasa.

Aiki a Rasha

A 1993, lokacin da Majalisar Koli na cikin hanzari, Vasily Aksenov sake buɗe sai ya bayyana da suka gaskata da kuma bayyana goyon baya ga mutanen da suka sanya hannu a cikin goyon bayan Yeltsin wasika. Antonom Barschevskim a 2004 trilogy "Moscow Saga" da aka yin fim a Rasha. A cikin wannan shekara a mujallar "Oktoba" da aka buga aikin marubuci "Voltairiens da Voltairiennes", daga baya bayar da da karo Prize. A shekarar 2005, Aksyonov rubuta a cikin wani nau'i na sirri diary littafin memoirs kira "ƙwayar idonsa."

A karshe shekaru ransa

A karshe shekaru na marubuci da iyalinsa zaune a Faransa, a birnin Biarritz, a Moscow. A Moscow, Janairu 15, 2008 Aksenov ji m, ya aka kwantar a cikin 23rd asibiti. A marubuci ya kamu da bugun jini. Bayan wani yini na Vasily Pavlovich canjawa wuri a Sklifosovsky Hospital, ya tiyata don cire wani jini gudan jini a cikin carotid jijiya da aka yi. Na dogon lokaci da marubuci ta yanayin da aka quite tsanani. Kuma a watan Maris na 2009, sabuwar rikitarwa fito. Aksyonov aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Burdenko Cibiyar da kuma sake sarrafa. Sa'an nan Vasily Pavlovich aka sake kwantar a Sklifosovsky Hospital. A can Yuli 6, 2009 da marubuci ya rasu. Vasily Pavlovich aka binne shi a Moscow, a hurumi Vagankovsky. A watan Nuwamba shekarar 2009, a Kazan, a cikin gidan inda da zarar ya rayu da marubuci, aikinsa ya shirya da Museum.

Vasily Aksenov: "The m so. A labari game da sittin "

Wannan shi ne na karshe a kammala aikin wani mai talented marubuci. Sai aka buga a gaba ɗayansa, bayan Aksyonov ta mutuwa a watan Oktoba shekara ta 2009. "A tarin labaru na da ãyari" to wannan mutum surori da aka buga a 2008 a cikin ɗaba'ar. The labari ne autobiographical, ya haruffa ne da gumaka na art da kuma wallafe-wallafen da sittin daga cikin karni na ashirin: Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Voznesensky, Ernst Neizvestny, Robert Rozhdestvensky, Bella Ahmadulina Marlene Hutsiev, Vladimir Vysotsky, Andrei Tarkovsky da sauransu. Aksenov sanya haruffa ƙagagge sunayen aiki ba a hade tare da tarihin salo.

Award, awards, memory

A {asar Amirka, da marubuci bayar da mataki na Doctor of m Haruffa. Shi ne kuma memba na American League da kuma marubucin na PEN Club. A shekara ta 2004, domin samfurin "Voltairiens da Voltairiennes" Aksenov bayar da kyauta "Rasha karo na". A shekara daga baya ya aka bayar da Order of Arts da Haruffa. Marubuci ya memba na Rasha Academy of Arts.

A kowace shekara tun shekarar 2007, da wallafe-wallafen-m duniya festival a Kazan kira "Aksenov-biki". Domin da farko lokacin da yake har yanzu da sirri hannu na Vasily Pavlovich. A shekara ta 2009, da wallafe-wallafen gidan kayan gargajiya na da sanannen marubuci da aka bude, shi ne a yanzu ke aiki a wallafe-wallafen birni kulob din. A 2010 na ga "ara-haya" haske autobiographical ba a kare ba labari marubuci. Da ya gabatar da aka gudanar a ranar Nuwamba 7 a cikin House-Museum of Vasily Aksenov.

Evgeny Popov da Alexander Kabakov a shekarar 2011 a hade wallafa wani littafi na tunanin Vasilii Pavloviche cewa haka ya kira "Aksenov." A da shi, suka yi shawara da wani rabo marubuci, intricacies na biography, da aiwatar da haihuwar mai girma hali. Babban aikin da ra'ayin na littafin - su hana murdiya na facts saboda wadanda ko wasu abubuwan.

iyali

Brother Vasily Aksenov a kan masu juna biyu gefen, Alex, aka kashe a cikin kewaye na Leningrad. 'Yar'uwar mahaifinsa, Maya, - wani malami-methodologist, marubucin yawa litattafan a kan Rasha harshe. Farko da matar wani marubuci Kira Mendeleva, aure wa ɗanta Alexey Aksenov aka haife shi a shekarar 1960. Ya halin yanzu aiki a matsayin darektan art. Na biyu matar da mijinta ya mutu ta na marubuci, Mayya Aksenova (haife shi a 1930), da ilimi na kasashen waje cinikayya gwani. A lokacin da rayuwar iyali a Amurka ta sanar da Rasha harshen a Rasha yi aiki a Harkokin Kasuwanci. Yara tare Vasily Pavlovich kuma Maya Afanasevny ya ba, amma Aksenov shi ne stepdaughter na Elena (haife shi a shekara ta 1954). Ta rasu a cikin watan Agusta 2008.