A zamanin daular na Faransa sarakuna, mulki daga 987, daga 14th karni, a cikin karni na 19th. Daular na Faransa sarakunan: tebur

"The dogon-masu gashi sarakunan" - ya sunan farko daular na Faransa sarakuna, wanda ya faru daga Salian Franks, mai zaman kanta reshe, da suke zaune a Tosandrii (tsakanin koguna Meuse da Scheldt) zuwa 420 shekara, shugaban wanda shi ne ya kafa na HALITTAR Merovingian - Pharamond, bisa ga masana kimiyya da dama, da harafin mythical . Tare da V har tsakiyar Sabunta ƙarni a kan ƙasa na ba-rana Faransa da Belgium aka mulki ta Merovingians.

Tatsũniyõyi ne na Ancient Faransa

Wannan Semi-almara daular na Faransa sarakuna kewaye da asiri, myths, kuma fictions. "Novomag" kira kansu Merovingians. Aka mai da su mu'ujiza ma'aikata, visionaries da masihirta, duk iko da karfi da cewa ya dogon gashi. Figure Pharamond, ɗan Marcomer kamar yadda zuriyarsa, ciki har da mafi Meroveya, rigima. A wanzuwar yawa daga gare su, kuma abin da suka yi da iyali kai tsaye daga Trojan sarki Priam, ko, a mafi mũnin, da danginsa gwarzo na Trojan War, Iniyasu, rubuce ba a tabbatar. Kamar yadda shi ne gaskiya cewa Merovingians daga zuriyar Yesu Almasihu. Wasu kira su arewacin Rusami.V wasu articles ce cewa irin daular daukan Meroveya saboda haka ya kira. Wasu gardamar cewa Merowe janar ya 13th a cikin wannan tseren.

tarihi shaida

A farko tarihi adadi, da yawa masu bincike yi imani kawai dan Meroveya - Childeric. Mutane da yawa, amma ba dukan. Mai imani da gaskiya ya kafa mulkinsa na dansa, wato, jikan Meroveya - Clovis (481-511), wanda ya yi mulki nasarar shekaru 30 da aka binne shi a kansa ya gina Bitrus da Bulus ta Church a Paris (yanzu da Church of St. Genebiebe.). Wannan daular na Faransa sarakuna an ɗaukaka Holdvigom I. Kuma ba wai kawai saboda Faransa a lokacin da shi soma Katolika, da kuma baftisma ya haihuwar wani sabon Roman Empire. Lokacin da shi Frankish (fassara a matsayin "free"), jihar ya ƙara muhimmanci a cikin size, an kwatanta da "high wayewa" na Rum. Yana ta wadãta. da rubuce-rubuce kudi ya sau biyar fi da cewa bayan shekaru 500.

Arfi da raunin da wakilan da daraja daular

Sarakuna na Merovingian irin suka yawanci mutane na fice da kuma sosai ilimi. Hikima da kuma wani lokacin matsananci shugabanni, kamar Dagobert II (676-679), wanda ya yi mulki ba dade, amma a amince. Ya mai da hankali dukkan iko a hannun monarch, wanda sanya kasar da karfi, amma ba su son aristocratic da'irori da coci. Wannan sarki ya yi shahada. A cewar daya daga version, an kashe shi a cikin barci ya godson, mashinsa protknuvshim idanu. The coci, wanda condoned regicide, ya canonized a 872. Bayan haka, za mu iya ce na karshe gaskiya wakilin Merovingian, yana da lokaci magajin garin da fadar gwamnati. Childeric III (743-751), da karshe na Merovingian gidan, m dalĩli riga mahaukaci ba. Ya an naɗa magajin gari na fada Pepin da Short kuma Karlomanom bayan da kursiyin kuma akwai komai domin 7 shekaru. Wai ya ya dan Chilperic II, amma babu wani tabbaci daga cikin akidar da tsohon Merovingian a duk. Halitta, ya kasance wani abun wasa a hannun jami'an.

Carolingians da su mafi kyau wakilin

Carolingian - a daular na Faransa sarakuna, ya maye gurbin shugabanni na HALITTAR Meroveya. A farko m ya short Pepin III (751-768), wanda kafin crowning ya magajin gari na fada, Ina nufin a mafi jami'an Merovings yadi. Ya aka sani ga cewa ya kasance uban Karla Velikogo. Pepin, karfi da kuma rashin adalci kwace mulki, kurkuku na karshe na mai daraja daular Meroveya - Childeric III.

A mafi fice hali ba kawai a cikin Carolingian daular, mulki daga 751 zuwa 987 a shekara, amma a cikin dukan tarihin na Faransa ne Charles I girma (768-814). Sunansa ya ba da sunan na daular Qing. Nasara warrior wanda ya sanya fiye da 50 tafiye-tafiye, shi ne ɓarna, kumbura da iyaka na Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 800 a Roma, Charles aka zayyana sarki. Ikonsa ya zama takaita. By gabatar da tsauraran dokoki, ya sanya mafi mayar da hankali iko a hannunsa. Ga wata 'yar alamar Laifi na kowa da kowa, waɗanda suka warware da dokokin kafa shi, jiran kisa. Carl biannual tara shawarar wadanda mutane da kuma ruhaniya nobility. Bisa shared yanke shawara, to hukunci. Sarkin da kotu don dalili na sirri iko tafiya a fadin kasar. Hakika, wannan hanya na harkokin, da cikin reorganization daga cikin sojojin da ba zai iya ba da sakamako mai kyau. Faransa ta wadãta. Amma daular rududdugaggu da mutuwarsa. Ba ganin wani ya cancanci gaje, Karl ya allotments da 'ya'ya maza, takaddama a tsakãninsu. Daga bisani, kawar da ci gaba.

A karshen daular halitta da Carl

A zamanin daular na Faransa sarakuna daga irin Carolingian mulkin kasar ga kan ƙarni biyu, amma ya ba daga cikin mabiya wannan daular ne ba ko da kadan reminiscent na Charles I da girma. A karshe mai mulki da Sarkin sarakuna Berengar na daraja mutu a 924 shekara. A 962, da Jamusanci sarki Otto I Mai Tsarki Roman Empire aka kafa ta da girma. Ta fara la'akari da kanta magaji na Carolingian Empire. A karshe Sarkin na wannan daular ya Louis V Lazy, wanda yake a ikon shekara guda - daga 986 987 a shekara. A cewar wasu versions, ya aka guba da mahaifiyarsa. Kila saboda Na m. Kuma ko da yake ya sanya magajin da ya kawu, malamai da kuma ikon da aka sa a kan gadon sarautar Gugo Kapeta.

Faransa ta uku fādar

A zamanin daular na Faransa sarakuna, mulki tare da 987g., Da ake kira Robertino daga baya Capet, kamar yadda za ka iya tsammani da sunan farko, ya zauna a kan gadon sarautar istinbadi, Gugo Kapeta (mulki 987-996). Personal wakilin wannan daular ƙare da mutuwar Charles IV da Fair a 1328, mafi aka sani, idan kawai saboda cewa trilogy Maurice Druon "The la'anannu Sarakuna", shi ne wuce yarda rare a Tarayyar Soviet, duqufar da shekaru na mulkin karshe sarakuna biyar na Capetian daular, da kuma na farko da biyu shugabanni na Valois, wani ƙaramin reshe na Capetian. Philip IV da Fair da kuma dukan zuriyarsa aka la'ane ta Grand Jagora na Templars a lokacin kisa.

Branched da karfi

Da wakilan da sarauta iyali da kuma Carolingians aka yi shela, sarakunan France - ɗiya biyu na kafa daular na Robert neMai ƙarfi, Count na Anjou - Babban Ed 888, da kuma Robert Jr. a 922. Amma Carolingian zauna da mulki na sarauta tseren. Kuma riga Gugo Kapet kafa wani istinbadi daular, wanda za a iya ce wa kasance a ikon har 1848, domin na gaba hukuncin gidan Valois, Bourbon, Orleanidov kasance ƙaramin rassan Capet. A zamanin daular na Faransa sarakuna daga 987 shekaru ne da ya shahara ba kawai domin ta sashe, amma kuma gaskiyar cewa, tun samu daga Carolingian fragmented jihar da sarki ikon mika kawai daga Paris zuwa Orleans, ta ya sāke Faransa a cikin wani karfi monarchical ikon, mikewa daga Atlantic Coast zuwa Bahar Rum . Wannan ya yi mafi kyau kokarin da sarakunanta - Louis VI Tolstoy (1108-1137), da Filibus II Augustus na Krivoy (1179-1223), daya daga cikin mafi shahararren wakilan wannan House, St. Louis IX (1226-1270), da Filibus III da Bold (1270- 1285) da kuma, ba shakka, Philip Fair IV (1285-1314). Ya gaba daya ya canza Faransa, juya shi a cikin wani iko, wani abu mai kama da mu na zamani a jihar.

Sunan barkwanci, sauran ta wurin zamanai

A zamanin daular na Faransa sarakuna, sunansa zo daga sunan barkwanci - shi ne ma Capet. Bugu da kari ga sunan farko monarch Gugo Velikogo aka farko da aka ambata kawai a cikin XI karni. A cewar wasu masu bincike, wani sunan barkwanci da ya samu, saboda sun sa Abbey hula (cappa). Ya kasance wani wadanda mutane mazaunin daga cikin shahararrun sufi kamar yadda Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Saint-Denis, wasu da dama kuma.

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, Capet shi ne babban jami'in reshe na wannan sararin HALITTAR gefen zũriyarsu suka kafa wasu Faransa sarauta daular. Tebur a kasa ya nuna sama-ce.

Smart, tauri, da kyau sosai

Philippe da Fair ya sosai nasara aure, wanda ya yara hudu. Maza uku sun alternately sarakuna France - m Louis X (1314-1316), da Filibus V Length (1316-1322), Carl m IV (1322-1328). Wannan rauni sarki ya da nisa daga su Mabayyani uba. Bugu da kari, ba su da 'ya'ya, amma John Na Posthumous, ɗan Louis X m, wanda ya mutu 5 kwanaki bayan baftisma. Philip da Fair ya aure King Edward II, wanda ya ba da dama ga dan Edward III Plantagenet irin kalubalanci Faransa kursiyin a Valois reshe, wanda ya dauki shi bayan mutuwar Charles da Fair. Wannan ya kai ga farkon na shekara ɗari War.

Valois reshe

A zamanin daular na Faransa sarakuna, ya ci sarauta a 14th karni, da ake kira da daular na Valois (1328-1589), a matsayin m kasance a dan uwan na karshe monarch na Filipp Valua Capet. A rabo na wannan hukuncin gidan fadi da yawa tsautsayi - wani mummunan yaki, da asarar yankuna, da annoba, m yunkuri, da most of wanda shine Jacquerie (1358). Kawai a 1453, Faransa, domin umpteenth lokaci a cikin tarihi, ya sami tsohon yawa da kuma mayar wa tsohon kan iyakoki. Kuma Jeanne d, Arc, Maid na Orleans ko, ku fitar da Birtaniya "godiya ga Faransa" ƙone a kan gungumen azaba. St. Bartholomew , ma, ya zo a zamanin mulkin wannan daular - Agusta 24, 1572. Kuma wannan sarauta gidan da ta cancanci wakilan, kamar Francis I. A cikin shekaru na mulkinsa ne dole flowering na Faransa a lokacin da Renaissance lokaci da kuma da tabbatarwa daga cikin cikakken iko na monarch. A karshe Sarkin na gidan shi ne auta da kuma fi so dan intriguante Ekateriny Medichi (na farko - sarakunan Francis II da kuma Charles IX), Henry III. Amma ya soke stiletto masu tsattsauran ra'ayi Dominican m Zhak Kleman. Henry III sanya shahara da litattafan Aleksandra Dyuma 'Koroleva Margo "," The Countess de Monsoreau "," Arba'in da biyar. " Da 'ya'ya maza ba su kasance, da kuma Valois daular daina za a mulki.

Bourbons

Akwai zo a lokacin da sarakunan Faransa Bourbon daular, wanda ya kafa abin da yake a cikin 1589 Henry IV na Navarre (1589-1610). The kafa na matasa, reshe na Capetians ya dan St. Louis IX, Robert (1256-1317) matar Sire de Bourbon. A wakilan wannan daular, a Faransa sun shagaltar da kursiyin daga 1589 zuwa 1792 da kuma daga 1814 zuwa 1848, yayin da a Spain, bayan da dama mayar da su, suka karshe bar scene kawai a shekarar 1931. A Faransa, a sakamakon juyin juya halin a 1792 daular aka hambarar da Korol Lyudovik XVI kashe a 1793. suka mayar a kan karaga bayan faduwar Napoleon na a 1814, amma ba domin dogon - kafin 1848 juyin juya halin. Mafi shahara Faransa Sarkin Bourbon daular, ba shakka, Louis XIV ko Sun King. A laƙabi da ya samu ba kawai, domin shi ne a cikin ikon a '72 (karaga, ya dauki shekaru biyar da haihuwa a 1643, ya rasu a 1715), amma saboda kyakkyawan wasannin ballets, a cikin abin da ya halarci a cikin image na haske, ko da wani Roman sarki, rike da a cikin hannãyenku daga zinariya garkuwa, reminiscent na rana. Nasara sosai a lokacin mulkinsa kasar ba fariya. Kuma da na jini juyin da ya girgiza kasar a karshen XVIII karni da kuma tsakiyar XIX ƙarni, nuna cewa jirgin bai son Bourbons na Faransa yawan jama'a.

Faransa sarauta XIX karni gidan

Shahararren daular na Faransa sarakunan cikin karni na 19th? Da cewa shi aka katse juyin, mayar da sake katse. A cikin XIX karni Faransa kursiyin daga 1804 zuwa 1815 ya zauna da Sarkin sarakuna Napoleon Bonaparte na. Bayan da ya kifar, akwai wani sabuntawa na Bourbons. Ya hau zuwa kursiyin, Louis XVIII (1814-1824), da 67th monarch na Faransa. Shi ne na karshe, Sarkin Faransa, wanda aka ba hambarar, da karshe biyu (Charles X 1824-1830, Louis-Philippe - 1830-1848) aka hana kursiyin da ƙwãce. Dan wa na Napoleon na, da shugaban kasar na farko da Faransa Jamhuriyar Louis Napoleon Bonaparte ko Napoleon III shi ne na karshe mulki mutane. Faransa Sarkin sarakuna daraja daga 1854 zuwa 1870 ya kasance a cikin ikon har sai da ya kama da William I. Akwai aka yi yunkurin aji Faransa kursiyin, amma a kauce wa wannan, an sayar fita, da kuma kasar karshe ayyana jamhuriyar a 1885 duk da kambi na Faransa sarakuna. A cikin XIX karni kursiyin shagaltar da ta Faransa sarauta daular, da tebur da kwanakin da kuma jerin sarautar wanda aka bai kasa.

Merovingian, Carolingian, Capet (ciki har da Valois, da Bourbons, Orleanidy) Bonaparte - Faransa ta mulki daular.