A samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev" - kyautar bayan shekaru 20

Stalin ta tarihi kimiyya ya jimre a hankali tantance farko na yaki na 1941-45. Kawai bayan da "uban al'ummai" na mutuwa ya fara ambaci nauyi asarar jawo wa kansu a lokacin da Red Army. A samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev", kafa a himma da sabon shugaban na kasar - N. S. Hruscheva, ya zama wata alama ce da memory na m hasarori na farko bazara na yaki.

The ban tausayi barkewar yaki

Rapid kama daga Ukraine Hitler ya dauki mafi muhimmanci dabarun manufa. Wannan sanya shi yiwuwa a rabu da Tarayyar Soviet na manyan albarkatun kasa da kuma abinci da albarkatun, da kuma 'yantar da up sojojin su goyi bayan sojojin a kan babban - Moscow - shugabanci.

Ukrainian babban birnin kasar a karkashin harin jirgin sama daga farko hours na yaki, da kuma a cikin wani gajeren lokaci, mai iko rukuni na Jamus sojojin "ta Kudu" ya zo da Dnieper. Adawa da shi to Soviet soja raka'a, a hade a cikin ta Kudu-Western Front, umarta ta Janar na iyawa da yi jayayya da wannan rana - MP Kirponos, kuma sauran management na Sojojin kudu kwashe Marshal Budyonny.

Dokokin kan samu lambar

Ƙare zuwa 20th ranar tunawa da fashewa yaki da lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev" da aka kafa Yuni 21, 1961. Masana tarihi sun lura da musamman siyasa yanayi. Nikita Khrushchev ya zama sabon shugaban jam'iyyar da kuma kasar, na dogon lokaci da aka kai na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU (b) na Ukraine, kuma ko da a lokacin yaki tãyar da lada ga mahalarta fada domin Kiev. Stalin ya yi magana da karfi da, jayayya da cewa yayin da shi wajibi ne don tsayar da lambobin yabo dabam ga kowane Union jamhuriyar. Amma babban abu - Stalin ba su yi la'akari da ayyuka na Soviet sojojin da umurnin da jaruntakar shafukan tarihi.

Bisa ga dokokin, duk bayar da lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Kiev" daga watan Yuli zuwa Satumba 1941 ya kasance a Kiev da kewaye yankin a matsayin wani ɓangare na yau da kullum da sojoji da kuma na kasa mayakan, halarci gina garun, aiki a soja Enterprises a cikin birni, sun mambobi ne na anti-Nazi karkashin kasa ko yaƙin motsi.

By matsayi, gaban sauran jihar awards samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev" is located bayan da "Stalingrad", "junior" domin shi aka ayyana "Gama Tsaro na Caucasus".

Don dauki Moscow, dole ne mu dauki Kiev

OKW, biyayya Hitler ta umarnin, ya yanke shawarar cewa mafi soja masana tarihi amince da kuskure cikin sharuddan da saye dabarun na Soviet babban birnin kasar. A wani kokarin da sauri sauri bar Ukrainian arziki yankuna da kuma Caucasian mai, kudancin kungiyar da aka ƙarfafa 2 iko tank sojojin da cewa a baya sarrafa a tare da wani rukuni na sojojin "Center" a cikin Moscow yankin. Hitler ya aikata wannan bayan wani ƙoƙari na gaza kama babban birnin kasar Ukraine nan da nan, hana counter-ayyuka na Red Army a kan layin da na Kiev garu yankin.

Karfafa Soviet kudu maso yammacin Front a kudi na sassa zuwa Jamus tarewa hanya zuwa Moscow, rabon yi ba, saboda Stalin ya hakikance cewa da Jamus zauna a cikin babban Metropolitan yankin. Da ikon da muhimmancin sabon tank raka'a, su workarounds kuma manne kai ga encirclement da kuma lalata kusa da Kiev babbar kungiyar na Red Army jagorancin Front shugabanci. Ko da hukuma adadi na asarar ne wasu batattun sifofi - fiye da dubu 700 da mutane.

Description na tsabar kudi

A tsari da cewa yana da wani ya samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev" shi ne misali na wadannan lambobin yabo: tagulla faifai da diamita na 32 mm. Sabõda da pentagonal block, an rufe shi da zaitun kintinkiri na moire, tare da biyu ratsi: ja (4 mm) da kuma shudi (2 mm).

A baya gefen ne guda kamar yadda da yawa lambar yabo WWII - tare da rubutu: "Ga Our Soviet Mahaifa, mahaifiyata" Amma daga faleristov haraji ke tafiya a rarity: a samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev", sanya da taimakon kuskure amfani Mint mold daga sauran soja awards. A ta baya kama Vienna posted kwanan wata - "13 Afrilu 1945". Wadannan lambar yabo ba bayar da.

A obverse aka sanya a kan zane artist V. N. Atlantova kuma shi ne mai sauƙi adadi na guerrillas dauke da makamai bindigogi da kuma ma'aikata, matuƙan da sojoji a kan bango na ginin Majalisar Koli da rarrabe Dome da flag kan shi. A saman - tãyar da haruffa: "Gama tsaron na Kiev", a cikin cibiyar na kasa - wani biyar-nuna star a kan bango na flag, da kuma a kan ko dai gefen shi - a Laurel reshe. Avers aka kẽwayesu da wani convex baki.

Sakamako na Kiev tsaro

Fadace-fadace na bazara na 1941 ne m darussa, wanda ya fara da Soviet umurnin da Great Patriotic War. Kiev tsaro dade 70 kwana da kuma ƙare ranar 26 ga Satumba, lokacin da fada ya ƙare a cikin kusanci babban birnin kasar Ukraine, sun riga bar ta lokacin da Soviet sojojin.

Da shan kashi na Kudu-Western Front, da Red Army da nauyi dabarun abubuwan da Tarayyar Soviet: Jamus ta buɗe hanya zuwa kudancin Ukraine ba da da ewa kama Donbass da Crimea, inda ya aka katange Sevastopol - babban tushe na Black Sea jiragen ruwa. Babbar tattalin arziki zones - da kafofin abinci da kuma ci - da aka rasa, barazana da manyan samar da mai, yankuna na Tarayyar Soviet.

Amma da feat kare Kiev yana da tarihi muhimmanci domin samun nasara a kan farkisanci: da shagala daga cikin manyan sulke sojojin na Wehrmacht na tsakiya Army Group sauƙaƙar da matsa lamba a kan Soviet babban birnin kasar da kuma ba su lokaci, don inganta shirin ne domin kāriyar Moscow.

170.000 bayar da

Soviet tarihi kimiyya ya hankula da suke kimantawa dangane da ra'ayin gudanar da key jam'iyyar akidojin. Wannan musamman shafa mafi hadaddun da shubuha nasarori da kuma kashi na Great Patriotic War, da suka hada da tsaro na Kiev. Yakin duniya na biyu, da manyan abubuwan da suka faru za a iya gano a mayar da sunan da ma'aikata na awards domin ta mahalarta - lambar yabo ga tsaro da kama garuruwa, da kuma yankuna. Soja samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Kiev" An kawai kafa a postwar lokaci. Amma daga wannan ba ya zama kasa da daraja da kuma masoyi ga 170.540 mutanen da suka bayar da shi zuwa ga Sahaban da zuriyarsa.