A mawallafa na ayyuka game da dabbobi da kuma yanayi

Animalistic theme ne gaskiya dauke madawwami. Its abubuwa za a iya samu a labarin baki da kuma a cikin ayyukansu na gargajiya da kuma na zamani wallafe-wallafe. Alexander Kuprin, Dzhek London, Dzherald Darrell - cewa marubuta suka rubuta game da dabbobi (cikin jerin ne nisa daga cikakken). Duk da cewa da yawan animalistic ayyukan wadannan marubuta ne daban-daban, amma su zurfin basira da ba guda, suka duka halitta a succinct da kuma tunawa images of "mu ƙaramin 'yan'uwansa" cewa jawo hankalin masu karatu don wannan rana.

rarrabuwa

Wani lokaci, domin sanin wanda ya rubuta game da dabbobi, shi ne wuya. A ikon yinsa, daga cikin dabba Genre haka moveable da m cewa shi za a iya hada idan so, kuma labari na Kolobok, da kuma "The Metamorphosis" Frantsa Kafki. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa wallafe-wallafen sukar da ya ɓullo da wani cikakken rarrabuwa na dukan kayayyakin da dabba:

• "Classic" animalism, wakiltar dabba duniya wadãtacce, m mutum. A daukan hankali misali - labaru na Seton-Thompson.
• Comparative Anthropology: dabba ne idan aka kwatanta da wani mutum wanda ya san ya na da yawa na koyo daga "karami yan'uwa". A samfurin irin wannan kwatanta - "Song na Falcon" Maksima Gorkogo.
• Animal da tabawa da sentimentality, da aka gani a matsayin wani abu bestiarnom saye a cikin nau'i na dogon-batattu, cewa evokes a ji na nostalgia.
• Labari da kuma wallafe-wallafen tãtsũniyõyin dabbobi a matsayin babban harafin, da sauransu. D.

Har ila yau a cikin layi daya da shi yayi amfani da Kalmar "naturalistic adabi", amma ta thematic iyaka ne da ɗan fadi fiye da na animalistic ayyukansu, kuma ya hada da labaru da kuma litattafan game da shuke-shuke.

Ernest Thompson Seton

Daga cikin wadanda suka rubuta labaru game da dabbobi, watakila mafi shahara shi ne a Canada marubuci Seton-Thompson. Duk da yake a Canada ya rayu ba ko da yaushe: a cikin wannan bangare na North America , ya koma tare da iyayensa, a matsayin 6-yaro ne dan shekaru. Daga yara ya saba wa yanayi da filayen fiye da al'ummar dan Adam. Saboda haka babu wani abu m, a gaskiya cewa heroes of farko da ayyukansu ba wakilan 'yan adam, da kuma ... tsuntsaye.

A lokacin rayuwarsa Thompson Seton samar da dubban articles rubuta kimiyya da kuma rare style, kazalika da littattafai da suke da muhimmanci ga kimiyya na dabbobi. Ko da yake magoya na m magana ƙara san shi kamar yadda marubucin m labaru, gano duniyar halitta daga wani m kwata ( "Lobo", "Doki pacer" da sauransu. D.). Seton-Thompson aka sani da ya zane-zane, kazalika da halittar "Vudkraftskogo al'umma", wanda zai zama na samfur na zamani yaro Scout kungiyoyi. Wannan ra'ayin Seton-Thompson ya tura na dogon nazari na India al'adu, da suka samo asali daga farkon shekaru na marubuci.

"My Family da kuma sauran dabbobi"

Wani lokaci da mawallafa na ayyuka game da dabbobi da aka tilasta dan lokaci rabuwa da nasa ya ayukan hutu - ilmin dabbobi - da kuma juya wa adabi saboda abu haddasawa. Saboda haka shi yana tare da Gerald Durrell. Kamar yadda wani yaro ya raved game da dabbobi, da dukan abin da yake da alaka da su. A shekaru 14, da yaron samu aiki a wani shagon "tankin kifi", da kuma bayan yakin duniya na biyu, na kokarin hannunsa a "Whipsnade" zoo a matsayin "yaro a kan pozveryushkah". A shekarar 1947, Gerald samun nasa rabo na gadon mahaifinsa, wanda ya samu nasarar ciyar a kan balaguro. Hagu ba tare da kudi da kuma aiki, Darrell a kan shawarar da ɗan'uwansa, sanannen mawallafin, yayi da kansa a cikin marubutan 'hali. Kuma sosai, ya kamata a lura. Wannan ya fi zama gaskiya, na farko na Greek trilogy "My Family da kuma sauran dabbobi." Kawai a Ingila da littafin da aka buga fiye da 30 sau!

Animalistic jigo na gargajiya Rasha adabi

Ba kamar da marubuta na sama, da Rasha-magana mawallafa na ayyuka game da dabbobi jawabi ga animalistic theme kamar yadda idan a shigewar, wucewa. A daidai wannan lokaci, wadannan gwaje-gwajen ne mai arziki ne. Alal misali, Alexander Kuprin misali "Strider" Tolstoy halitta labarin "Emerald". Its babban harafin ne ingarma wanda image ba bã tãre da m m: Emerald ne ko iya mafarki.

Daga cikin mawallafa da suka rubuta labaru game da dabbobi a Soviet sau, shi za a iya gano Michael Prishvina, Konstantina Paustovskogo, Victor Astafieva. A karshen aikin da aka alaka da akida da kuma stylistic shugabanci na "kauyen litattafan", wanda aikatã game da ciki har da muhalli al'amurran da suka shafi, to conceptualize wurin mutum a duniya, da halittu.

Modern mawallafa na ayyuka game da dabbobi

Literary aiwatar a Rasha a 'yan shekarun nan tare da talla, cire katsalandan hane-hane. Wannan zai iya ba amma zai shafi animalistic wallafe-wallafe. Modern mawallafa na ayyuka a dabbobi (misali, L. Petrushevskaya) amfani bestiarnye images ba kawai a matsayin hanyar Misalin, samar da allegories, Magana game da zamantakewa da kuma tarihi suke da su, amma kuma a matsayin talakawa hali ta ayyuka hana wani kamance da mutane.