A mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya (2014). Mai manyan kamfanonin mai a duniya

A masana'antun man fetur shi ne babban bangare na duniya man fetur da makamashi masana'antu. Yana ba kawai rinjayar da kasa da kasa huldar cinikaiya, amma kuma da kowa, na soja rikice-rikice. Wannan labarin samar da wani rating na mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya, wanda yake shi ne shugaba a cikin man fetur.

sharudda ga ranking

A jawo sama da ranking man kwararru sun kiyasta duniya mafi girma a kamfanoni a kan wannan asali sharudda:

• kundin na hakar albarkatun kasa;
• samuwa reserves;
• aiki damar.
• kudi yi na kamfanonin mai.
• Sales kundin na man fetur da kuma ladabi kayayyakin.

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa sakamakon duk aka sani ratings na iya bambanta a tsakãninsu. Wannan shi ne saboda da amfani da daban-daban da sharudda a lokacin da kimantawa. Alal misali, Energy Leken Asiri rating aka harhada a kan tushen da yawa Manuniya na samarwa (samar iya aiki, reserves, aiki da kundin da kuma tallace-tallace) da kuma kudi halaye an rasa. Za mu duba a jerin mafi kyau kamfanonin mai, wanda da farko ya yi Forbes.

Rating man Refayawa, bisa ga Forbes

Forbes sanya jerin, wanda wakiltar manyan kamfanonin mai a duniya a shekarar 2014. Jerin ya hada da 25 da kamfanonin da cewa samar da mafi girma da adadin man fetur a duniya. Bari mu zauna a cikin mafi iko ƙattin na wannan rating.

Saudi Aramco

Saudi Arabia yana dauke da wani shugaban duniya a cikin masana'antun man fetur. Saudi Aramco Corporation shi ne mafi girma na kasa da makamashi kamfani. Yana yana da wani cibiyar sadarwa na aiki da wurin, da kulawa da harkokin sufuri na man fetur. Saudi Aramco shi ne mafi girma da kuma sabuwar rundunar supertankers, wanda ba zai iya daidaita ko mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya.

Bisa ga rating, da kamfani a shekarar 2014 cire man fetur a cikin most yawa - fiye da 12 da ganga miliyan biyu a rana. A manyan adadin man da kasar ke tsirarwa, a filayen gabashin lardin. Kamfanin Har ila yau yana da wani rami a yankin ruwan Bahar Maliya da kuma Persian Gulf.

A zamanin yau, babban ofishin kamfanin iko da 99% na zinariya reserves na zinariya a Saudi Arabia, wanda shi ne ¼ na da arzikin man fetur a duniya.

"Gazprom Neft" Company

Wannan sha'anin ne mai iko mai kamfanin a Rasha. Kamfanin ke tsunduma a cikin bincike wurare na raw kayan, samar da kasuwanci na man fetur da kuma iskar gas, da kuma man fetur samar. kamfanin yana da rassa a dukan man fetur da kuma iskar gas yankuna na kasar. Babban aiki shuke-shuke suna located in Yaroslavl, Omsk da kuma Moscow yankuna. Bugu da kari, "Gazprom man" an samu nasarar aiwatar da ayyukan samar da man fetur a Venezuela, Iraki da sauran kasashe. A mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya bayar da kwangilar Rasha hadin gwiwa a masana'antun man fetur.

"Gazprom Neft" The kungiyar kunshi 80 tsarin raka'a a cikin ƙasa na Rasha da kuma kasashen waje. Godiya ga mai kyau-kafa juna na tallace-tallace, da kamfanin sayar da yawa na man fetur a kasuwannin cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje. A zubar da "Gazprom man" akwai fiye da 1,700 cika tashoshin a kan ƙasa na Rasha, CIS da kuma Turai.

A cewar Forbes ta yi kiyasin, kamfanin "Gazprom Neft" ya shagaltar da matsayi na biyu a cikin ranking "mafi girma a kamfanonin mai na duniya a shekarar 2014" da girma na 9.7 ganga miliyan a kowace rana na samarwa.

National Iran Oil Company

Mai samar a Iran ta fara a 1908. Bayan shekaru 40, na kasar Iran Oil ma'aikatar kafa National Iran Oil Company (NIOC), wanda manufofin da aka neman man fetur da kuma janye daga kasashen waje babban birnin kasar. By cewa lokaci, da baki zinariya ya dauka a muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban tattalin arziki na kasar, don haka samar da baki zinariya samu matsayi na kasa patrimony da kuma mayar da su cikin cikakken iko na gwamnatin.

Yanzu kamfanin ke tsunduma a cikin hakar iskar gas da man fetur, da sufuri da kuma fitarwa. Kamfanin da farko SUPPLiES da samar da tsire-tsire da kuma matatun mai a cikin kasar, da kuma sayar da ragi a kasashen waje daidai da adadin da "OPEC".

NIOC an dauki daya daga cikin mafi girma da kamfanonin man fetur a duniya. Yana yana 1/10 na duniya arzikin man fetur. Kamfanin rike da man fetur da kuma iskar gas hali a cikin ƙasa na Iran, Azerbaijan da kuma Arewa Sea. Ayyukan NIOC ne m division ke tsunduma a cikin bincike, hakowa, samar, refining da kuma harkokin sufuri albarkatu. A tsarin da kamfanin yana da 21 na biyu kamfanin, biyu daga wanda su ne mafi girma.

A cikin rating "The mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya 2014» NIOC ne a matsayi na uku tare da wani nuna alama samar da man fetur na ganguna miliyan 6.4 a kowace rana. Iran yana daya daga cikin duniya da man fetur da shugabannin, amma saboda da danniyan na kasa da kasa takunkumi a kan kamfanin da aka tilasta rage adadin baki zinariya.

ExxonMobil

ExxonMobil kamfanin fara ta aiki a kan tushen dõgara Standard Oil, kafa ta American billionaire John D. Rockefeller a 1882. Known zamanin yau kamfani da aka kafa a karshen XX karni a sakamakon hadewar biyu Exxon Mobil da kuma brands, a karkashin abin da a yanzu kerarre mota mai da kuma lubricants.

A American Petroleum Corporation ke tsunduma a cikin cin gaban sabuwar filayen man fetur, ta samar, sufuri da kuma tallace-tallace. Har ila yau ExxonMobil samar da man fetur: olefins, polyethylene, propylene da dadin dandano. Kamfanin ne rayayye da hannu a duniya huldar cinikaiya da kuma musanyar taimakekkeniya da 47 ƙasashe.

The man kamfanin ExxonMobil ne mafi girma a duniya da makamashi kamfani. Ta dauke da wani shugaban a cikin ranking na nasara da kuma tsada kasuwanci, wanda ya hada da mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya. A kasuwar darajar ExxonMobil ne fiye da 400 dalar Amurka biliyan. A cikin sharuddan yawa na man fetur (game da 5 ganga miliyan a kowace rana) Corporation bautar da hudu wuri a cikin kasa da kasa ranking.

PetroChina

Kamfanin PetroChina ne China ta most mai kamfani. Kamar yadda tamanin da hannun jari da ta gasa mafi girma a kamfanoni a duniya. PetroChina Securities sayar a kan New York da kuma Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Bayan da rabo batun a Shanghai da kasuwar darajar da wani mai kamfanin ya tripled, kai wani adadi na capitalization na fiye da wata tiriliyan dalar Amurka.

Bugu da kari ga hako ma'adinai da kuma aiki na man fetur PetroChina ke tsunduma a gudanar da bincike hanya adibas, tsaftacewa da sinadarai, bututun, samar da kasuwanci. A cewar Forbes, kamfanin ya shagaltar da biyar matsayi a cikin ranking na duniya mai hukumomi da index of samar da ganga miliyan 4.4 a kowace rana.

Kintace mai samar

Duniya mai Refayawa suna shirin don rage baki zinariya karafa ayyukan saboda da m fall a farashin man a lokacin rani na shekara ta 2014. Saboda wannan halin da ake ciki a kasuwar kamfanin ta riba muhimmanci rage. Duk da yake ExxonMobil, Saudi Aramco, PetroChina da sauran manyan kamfanonin man fetur a duniya don samun karin riba, wasu daga cikinsu yanke shawarar dakatar da fadada daga cikin aiki da kuma rufe kalla m yankunan. A cewar The Wall Street Journal ta ake dangantawa da taba-tashin kudin na gas da kuma man fetur. Alal misali, ExxonMobil riba ga shekara 2014 ya 26%, wanda shi ne 9% kasa da shekaru goma da suka wuce.

Muhimmanci canje-canje a cikin kasuwar mai ta yi hadari a yankin Gulf of Mexico, a sakamakon wanda ya zub da wani Littãfi yawan baki zinariya. Birtaniya kamfanin British Petroleum, wanda mallakar da samar aka tilasta sayar da mafi yawan dukiya.

Wannan rage ayyukan da aka lura ba kawai a cikin babban kamfanonin mai. farashin mai yanayi ya shafi dukan duniya masana'antu.

Duk da wannan Trend, a duniya, most kamfanonin sa ran m canje-canje a cikin masana'antun man fetur da kuma albarkatun kasa na girma a nan gaba.