Musical ãyõyi, alamomin da kuma kayayyakin aiki. Music taka leda a gaisuwa

Daga a tarihi mai nisa, ta hanyar da art na mutane aiwatuwa damunsu, tunaninsu da kuma abubuwan. Wasu fentin Masterpieces na zanen, da suke nuna abubuwa na wahayi, rayuwar yau da kullum, kazalika da sunken a ƙwaƙwalwar na aukuwa nasa biography. Wasu sun gina daban-daban iri gine-gine da kuma Monuments, ba su da wasu m ma'anar. A mafi m daga gare su, aka kira abubuwan al'ajabi na duniya. Daga karkashin hannun uku daya bayan daya daga cikin page for nan gaba waqe, litattafan, epics, inda kowane lokaci da labarin da aka tsince da karfi, da dacewa, a cikin ra'ayi na marubucin kalma.

Duk da haka, akwai waɗanda suka sami wahayi a cikin sauti. Halitta su musamman kayayyakin aiki, don nuna motsin zuciyarmu rufe su. Wadannan mutane suna kira da kuma masu kida.

Mene ne music?

Yau, manufar "music" an ba da wata babbar adadin ma'anar. Amma idan ka yi magana da ma'ana, shi ne ma'adanin form, babban batu na wanda shi ne wani sauti.

Abin lura shi ne cewa da dama daga cikin tsoho harsuna da kalmar na nufin "cikin ayyukan da Muses."

Soviet masanin kimiyya Arnold Sochor, bi da bi, ya yi ĩmãni da cewa music uniquely nuna gaskiya, kazalika da bayar da mutum daukan hotuna ta hanyar ma'ana, kuma musamman hanya shirya tsawo, da kuma a kan lokaci da sauti jerin, babban sinadarin da suke da sautunan.

A Brief History of Music

Tun zamanin da, mutane na son wannan music. A kan ƙasa na zamanin d Afirka ta hanyar wani iri-iri songs cewa wani bangare ne na ibada, kokarin tuntube ruhohin, alloli. A Misira, wannan music amfani da farko don addini waka. Akwai sharuddan kamar "so" da "misetrii" daidaita zuwa salo. Cikin shahararrun ayyukan Misira sun "Littafi Matattu" da "Dala matani", ta kwatanta "bege" na Masar bautãwa Osiris. A zamanin d Helenawa kasance na farko da mutane a duniya wanda a da al'adunsu suka iya cimma hakan magana na music. Yana da daraja kara a nan da kuma cewa su ne karo na farko da kuma lura da wanzuwar wani irin tsari tsakanin ilmin lissafi dabi'u da sautuna.

Tare da music samo asali da kuma ci gaba a kan lokaci. Yana fara tsaya fitar da dama key yankunan.

Bisa ga gargajiya ka'idar, da IX karni a ƙasa akwai wadannan nau'o'i na music: Gregorian rera (watau daban-daban na coci music, ibadar), Bard song kuma wadanda mutane music (a m misali na wannan salo - da take). A kan aiwatar da hulda tsakanin mutane, wadannan nau'o'i aka hankali gauraye da juna, kafa sabuwar, sabanin baya wadanda. Saboda haka, a karshen karni na XIX akwai jazz, wanda ya zama magabacin yawa zamani nau'o'i.

Mene ne m da ãyõyinMu, kuma alamomin?

Ta yaya ne zai yiwu rikodin sauti? Musical m tsarin rubutu - shi ne matukar graphics, wanda aka located a cikin stave. Su main aiki ne nadi na da tsawo da kuma zumunta duration na wani sauti. Ba asiri da cewa m tsarin rubutu ne m kafuwar music. Duk da haka, shi ne ba da aka ba kowa da kowa. Koyi m ãyõyi - quite wani lokaci-cinyewa tsari, da 'ya'yan itatuwa na wanda za su iya dandana kawai mafi haƙuri, kuma m.

Idan muka fara shiga cikin fasali na zamani tsarin rubutu, to, wannan labarin zai zama don sa shi mai laushi, sosai babban. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka rubuta a raba, quite m aiki game da m da ãyõyinMu, kuma alamomin. Daya daga cikin shahararrun haruffa ne, ba shakka, "QShortcut clef". A lokacin ta zama shi ya zama wata alama ce music.

Mene ne kida da kuma abin da suke?

Abubuwan da cewa samar da ikon cire daban-daban iri iri na sauti da ake bukata don ƙirƙirar da samfurin, da aka sani a matsayin kida. Tools zama a yau, daidai da kwarewarsu, da dalili, da ingancin sauti ne zuwa kashi da dama babban kungiyoyin: keyboards, feat. Irfan, iska, kirtani da kuma shida.

Akwai su da yawa wasu sukayi fassara (a matsayin mai haske misali Hornbostelya Sachs-tsarin).

The jiki tushen kusan duk wani kayan aiki da samar da m sautunan (sai dai daban-daban lantarki na'urorin), a resonator. Kamar yadda shi na iya zama wani kirtani, da ake kira oscillation kewaye, a shafi na iska (a cikin wani adadin), ko kuma wani abu da cewa yana da wani yiwuwar don adana da makamashi canjawa wuri zuwa da shi a cikin nau'i na vibrations.

A resonant mita na farko overtone sets (a cikin wasu kalmomi, da asali sautin) sauti da aka samar a wannan lokacin.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa kayan aiki yana da ikon lokaci guda wasa na sauti, daidai da adadin resonators amfani. A zane iya hada wata lambar daban na su. Tsantsa audio zai fara a daidai lokacin da rami allura makamashi. Idan mawaki wajibi ne a dakatar da sauti a kan wani wajibi-akai, yana yiwuwa ya koma ga irin wannan sakamako, kamar yadda da damping. A cikin hali na wasu daga cikin kayayyakin aiki, zai yiwu ya canza rawa mita. A wasu kayan, wanda nuna ba-m sauti (kamar - ganguna), wannan na'urar ba a amfani.

Mene ne music , kuma abin da suke?

A wani m ji na music, ko, kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, opus - shi ne wani wasa, improvisation, jama'a song. A wasu kalmomin, kusan duk abin da za a iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar da vibrations na sauti da umarnin. Yawancin lokaci, shi ne halin da wasu ciki cikawa, kudi Abubakar (ta hanyar m ãyõyi, bayanin kula da sauransu. D.), Wasu irin dalili. Har ila yau muhimmanci shi ne ma na musamman, wanda ke nufin cewa, a matsayin mai mulkin, su ne ji da kuma abubuwan da marubucin, cewa ya yi nufin gabatar sauraro aikinsa.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa Kalmar "music" kamar yadda wani da-kafa ra'ayi ya bayyana a cikin Sphere na art ne in mun gwada kwanan nan (ainihin ranar ne ba a sani ba, amma wani wuri a cikin yankin na XVIII-XIX karni). Har a wannan lokaci shi aka maye gurbinsu a kowane hanya.

Alal misali, Vilgelm Gumboldt da Johann sa'iqi maimakon ajalin amfani da kalmar "ayyuka". A wannan zamanin da avant-garde take aka maye gurbinsu da "taron", "rabo", "bude form". A halin yanzu, akwai da yawa daban-daban music. Mun bayar da shawarar a yi la'akari da mafi shahara, ban sha'awa da kuma sabon abu mãsu girmansu.

I. Song (ko song)

Song - daya daga cikin mafi sauki, amma kowa guda na music, a cikin abin da poetic rubutu ne tare da wani sauki karin waƙa cewa shi ne sauki tuna.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa song ne daya daga cikin mafi ɓullo da yankunan a ji cewa akwai a halin yanzu babban adadin da siffofin daban-daban, nau'o'i, da sauransu. D.

II. taron makada

Symphony (a Greek - "jituwa, ladabi, jituwa") ake magana a kai a yanki na music, wanda aka musamman nufi ga wasan kwaikwayon na ƙungiyar makaɗa, wanda zai iya zama iska, kirtani, jam'iyya da kuma gauraye. A wasu lokuta, simony iya hada maher ko ƙungiyar mawaƙa.

Akai-akai wannan aikin kawo tare da sauran nau'o'i, game da shi, ya kafa wani gauraye form (msl, Symphony Suite, Symphony-waka, Symphony Fantasy da kuma kama. D.)

III. Malamai Ma'abuta Jihadi, da kuma Fugue

Malamai Ma'abuta Jihadi, (daga Latin prae - «zuwa» da kuma ludus - «Game") - shi ne mai kananan aiki wanda, sabanin wasu, yana da wani m form.

Yafi preludes da fugues ne ga kayan kamar harpsichord, sashin jiki, piano

Da farko, wadannan kayayyakin da aka yi nufi ga masu kida samu damar "dumama" kafin babban ɓangare na yi. Duk da haka, daga baya suka riga ware biyu m asali samfurin.

IV. yabanya

Wannan irin ma quite ban sha'awa, tun da shi ne da aka ba haka ba yawa da hankali. Touche - (French for "key", "shigarwa") ne music taka leda a gaisuwa. Domin da farko lokacin da ajalin da aka yin amfani da a cikin tsakiyar karni XVIII a Jamus.

Babban manufar wannan aiki shi ne ya jawo hankalin masu sauraro ta da hankali ga abin da ke faruwa, kazalika da gabatarwar dace tunanin canza launi, a cikin taron (yawanci dama bikin). Sau da yawa, a m aiki a gaisuwa daukan wani tagulla band. Lalle ne kowa da kowa ya ji daga bisansu da ake yi a lokacin da lambobin yabo, da sauransu. N.

A mu a yau ta labarin, mun tattauna abin da su ne kida, da ãyõyinMu, aiki. Da fatan shi zai zama da amfani da kuma m ga masu karatu.