A lightest gas. Properties na hydrogen, oxygen da kuma nitrogen

Gas - daya daga cikin jihohin al'amarin. Ya ba shi da wani takamaiman girma, ciko dukan ganga, an located. Amma yana da fluidity da yawa. Mene ne hasken gas suna can? Abin da ake suka halin?

A lightest gas

Sunan "gas" da aka buga da baya a XVII karni, saboda da consonance da kalmar "hargitsi." Particulate al'amari kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, suna m. Su motsa a wani bazuwar domin, canza yanayin kowane lokaci a lõkacin da fuskantar juna. Sukan yi kokarin su cika duk samuwa sarari.

A gas kwayoyin suna weakly ciri daidai, da bambanci ga kwayoyin na ruwa da kuma daskararru. Mafi yawan jinsunan ba zai yiwu ba ga jin ta da hankula. Amma gas da sauran halaye, msl, zazzabi, matsa lamba, yawa.

Su yawa qara matsayin matsa lamba ƙaruwa, kamar yadda suka fa] a] a lokacin da zafin jiki da ƙaruwa. A lightest gas ne hydrogen, nauyi - uranium hexafluoride. Gas da ake da yaushe gauraye. Idan aiki da karfi na nauyi, cakuda ya zama iri-irin. Easy don ya dauke har da nauyi, a kan m gangara.

A lightest gas - shi ne:

• hydrogen.
• nitrogen.
• oxygen.
• methane.
• carbon dioxide.

A farko uku koma zuwa sifili kungiyar na lokaci-lokaci tebur, da kuma magana game da su a kasa.

hydrogen

Wanne gas ne lightest? Amsar ne bayyananne - hydrogen. Wannan shi ne na farko kashi na lokaci-lokaci tebur, wanda shi ne 14.4 sau wuta fiye iska. An tsara ta harafi H, da Latin sunayen Hydrogenium (gendereth ruwa). Hydrogen ne mafi m kashi a cikin sararin samaniya. Shi ne mai memba na masu rinjaye na taurari da kuma interstellar al'amarin.

Karkashin al'ada yanayi, da hydrogen ne gaba daya m da wadanda ba mai guba da kuma ba shi da wani wari da kuma iyawa na launi. A wasu yanayi na iya muhimmanci canza Properties. Alal misali, hadawa da oxygen, da gas sauƙi fashe.

Yana iya narke a platinum, da baƙin ƙarfe, titanium, nickel da ethanol. Daga daukan hotuna zuwa high yanayin zafi, shi ke zuwa ƙarfe jihar. Its diatomic kwayoyin da kuma yana da babban gudu, wanda ya samar da kyau kwarai thermal watsin da gas (7 sau fi da cewa da iska).

A wannan duniya tamu, hydrogen ne mafi yawa a cikin gidajen abinci. By da muhimmancin da kuma tafiyar da sunadarai matakai, shi ne na biyu ne kawai zuwa oxygen. Hydrogen dauke a cikin yanayi, wani ɓangare na ruwa da kuma Organic abubuwa a cikin sel rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.

oxygen

Oxygen da aka nuna ta harafi Yã (Oxygenium). Ya kuma ba da wari, dandano da launi karkashin al'ada yanayi, da kuma shi ne a cikin wani gaseous jihar. Its kwayoyin ne sau da yawa kira dioxygen, kamar yadda ya ƙunshi biyu kwayoyin halitta. Akwai ta allotropic nau'i ko gyara - lemar sararin samaniya gas (O3), kunsha na uku kwayoyin. Shi ne blue, kuma yana da yawan halaye.

Oxygen da kuma hydrogen - ya fi na kowa, kuma mafi sauki gas a duniya. Ɓawon burodi na duniya tamu mafi oxygen, shi ne game da 47% na taro. A wani related yanayin a cikin ruwa shi ya ƙunshi fiye da 80%.

Gas ne mai muhimmanci kashi na rayuwa na shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, da mutane da yawa kwayoyin. A jikin mutum shi na taimaka wa hadawan abu da iskar shaka-raguwa halayen, samun shiga mu huhu da iska.

Saboda da musamman Properties na oxygen, shi ne yadu amfani da magani dalilai. Tare da taimakon kashe hypoxia, gastrointestinal cuta, Bronchial fuka harin. A cikin masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci da shi da ake amfani da matsayin marufi gas. A noma, da oxygen amfani ga enriching ruwa tare da kifi kiwo.

nitrogen

Kamar baya biyu gas, shi kunshi biyu nitrogen kwayoyin halitta, yana da wani pronounced dandano, launi da kuma wari. Alama ce designate shi - Latin harafi N. A phosphorus da arsenic shi nasa subgroup pniktogenov. Gas ne sosai inert, ga wanda ya samu sunan azote, wanda fassara daga Faransanci a matsayin "m". Nitrogenium Latin sunan, ma'ana "haihuwa zuwa nitrate."

Nitrogen dauke a cikin nucleic acid, chlorophyll, haemoglobin da kuma sunadarai ne mai babbar bangaren na iska. Da abun ciki a cikin ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi humus da kuma masana kimiyya da dama bayyana da volcanic eruptions cewa gudanar da shi daga Duniya ta alkyabba. A duniya gas wanzu a kan neptunium, da kuma uranium, wani ɓangare daga cikin hasken rana yanayi, da kuma wasu daga interstellar sarari nebulae.

Man yana amfani da nitrogen, yafi a cikin ruwa form. Ana amfani da a cryotherapy, kamar yadda wani matsakaici ga marufi da kuma ajiya na kayayyakin. An dauke da mafi tasiri ga yãƙi gobara, displaces oxygen da kuma tauye "potpitki" wuta. Duk da haka, shi Forms tare da silicon tukwane. Nitrogen ne sau da yawa amfani da kira na daban-daban mahadi, msl, fenti, ammonia nakiyoyi.

ƙarshe

Wanne gas ne mafi sauki? Kuma yanzu ka san amsar. Dauke da mafi sauki hydrogen, nitrogen, da oxygen, alaka da sifili kungiyar na lokaci-lokaci tsarin. Bayan wadannan bi methane (carbon + hydrogen) da carbon oxide (carbon + oxygen).