A kasa na matakan da dũkiyõyinsu. Abin da irin gona a jeji?

Steppe kasa cikin sharuddan m amfani ne mafi m yankin. Irin wannan zones samar da babban ɓangare na m ƙasar asusu, ko da yake, ba shakka, ba kowane manomi zai iya don Allah steppe gina jiki chernozem. Wannan ne ma ya tabbatar da Rasha steppe kasa, wanda aka kuma gabatar da yankunan m, da kuma matsakaici-Northern Territory. Duk da haka, a cikin kudancin kasar nan ne da yawa daga m maras gandun daji yankunan, waxanda suke da arziki a cikin gina jiki.

Babban halaye na steppe ƙasa

Domin duk iri steppe kasa da halin da rashi na gandun daji da kuma low ruwan karkashin kasa matakan. Wadannan dalilai sun fi mayar da m sikẽli da yanayi a karkashin abin da murfin da aka kafa. Daya daga cikin key Manuniya cewa taimake isa irin daji ƙasa ne humus abun ciki. Alal misali, black ƙasa steppe bangarori da hakan damar humus sãsanni fiye da talakawa Brown chernozem kuma abũbuwan rufi. Domin sanin abin da irin gona a hamada zai zama mafi m ga ayyukan noma, yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da abun ciki na sauran gina jiki. Alal misali, horar da yankunan bukatar ƙarin ciyar taki da kuma takin. Gogaggen manoma suna ma karfafa yin amfani da phosphorus, da kuma a wasu wurare - nitrogen da potassium kari.

Yanayin ƙasa samuwar a matakan

A ci gaba da steppe ƙasa zones yakan auku a ƙarƙashin rinjayar dumi, bushe da temperate sauyin yanayi. Alal misali, a kudancin Rasha samuwar steppe rufe da shi ya auku a talakawan zafin jiki na 0 ... + 10 ° C. Game da hazo, su shekara-shekara talakawan dabam daga 300 zuwa 500 mm. A mafi yawan asarar faruwa a cikin Pre-Caucasus yankin da kuma arewacin wannan matakin dabam da yawa. Matsakaicin asarar da dama a kan na farko da rabi na bazara - sau da yawa precipitates a wannan lokaci ne shawa a cikin yanayi, ko da yake cikin ƙasa steppe ba za a iya kira wuce kima danshi. The most reserves danshi ne kiyaye a cikin bazara lokaci, wanda na taimaka wa aiwatar da dab snow. Amma shi ne hali na arewacin yankunan da kudancin matakan daban-daban ruwa scarcity. Saboda wannan dalili nepromyvnoy irin ruwa gwamnatin kafa a wasu yankunan.

iyaye kankara

A Rasha ƙasa samuwar daga ra'ayi na kankara da kuma sediments faruwa a hanyoyi daban-daban dangane da yankin. Alal misali, a cikin Black Sea kwaruruka rawayar} asa ne quite na kowa, da kuma a cikin matakan da Stavropol tudu kiyaye nauyi rawayar} asa. A predominance na yashi loam ne hali na Volga dandali - a cikin wannan ƙasa steppe yankin suna kafa ta mataki na eluvium kankara da kuma rawaya quaternary baƙin yumɓu. A Caspian yankin ne gano Saline loams kuma daban-daban adibas na marine asalin.

Tun da rashin Woodland bayar da damar yin iskõki, akwai kuma weathering kayayyakin - musamman, Kulundinskaya bayyana arziki barbashi bedrock. Common fasali na wadannan jinsunan cewa samar ƙasa steppe sun hada da kara abun ciki na narkewa salts, carbonate da kuma gypsum abubuwa.

ciyayi cover

Steppe ƙasa kanta tana kadan tasiri a kan ci gaban da Flora. A wannan batun, ya kamata a dogara ne a kan nau'in gona da muhalli da yanayi. Alal misali, a cikin yankunan m na vegetative murfin yana da wani hadadden hali. Yana sparse, low-girma shuke-shuke da cewa zai iya zama a kan tsari na 70% na jimlar Flora. Dark chestnut kasa ne manufa domin ci gaban ciyawa da hatsi. Wannan ya tabbatar da sake cewa a kayyade abin da irin gona a hamada shi ne mafi alhẽri dace ga namo wani al'adu, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da dalilai da dama. A wannan yanayin, babban rarrabẽwa na kimantawa ne takin gargajiya na kasar gona da irin. A cikin tsakiyar yankin da aka mamaye chestnut kasa da haske launin ruwan kasa gona - saboda haka, a cikin wadannan bangarori za a iya girma ephemeroids da ephemera. A musamman, growers nan za a iya dasa irises da tulips. A alkaline kasa sau da yawa ci karo da baki masu ɗaci, kamforosma da Anabasis salsa da kuma rigar ƙasa cover ne m dandamali ga kujera ciyawa shuka kungiyoyin.

Properties sauƙi

Yawancin lokaci mamaye lebur ƙasa a matsayin tushen duk na steppe zone. Wannan sarari, wanda da kusan babu shahararren tuddai, kwari da ravines. Tare da wannan Steppe ba cika m ruwa, ba fadama, wanda kuma damar kula da uniform surface tsarin kan manyan yankunan. Duk da haka, da dismemberment na taimako har yanzu halin da Jamhuriyar Rasha steppe zone. A kasar gona a wannan yankin da aka rufe m cibiyar sadarwa na gullies da kuma ravines cewa kai munanan matsaloli a ci gaban da budurwa asashe. Sun iya faruwa da kuma kananan saucer-dimbin yawa depressions, amma shi ne wajen wani banda ga mulkin.

ƙasa halaye a cikin bushe matakan

A kasa na da irin wannan halin da ya fi pronounced shortcomings steppe gona. Low ruwan sama, iska da fari - wadannan da kuma sauran abubuwan m matsalolin da dangantaka da aiki na murfin. Ciyayi Dalili na makiyaya-steppe kungiyar a karkashin abin da aiwatar daukan wuri sod gona. ephemera bazara da kuma makiyaya shuke-shuke mutu a kashe, da barin cikin ƙasa bushe steppe an rufe tare da ji ciyawa tare da ãyõyin bazuwar. A daya hannun, wannan tsari ne da amfani ga samuwar humic acid, amma sauran - a karkashin mataki na hasken rana ya auku dehydration da coagulation na amfani abubuwa. A fari yanayi da kananan zurfin wetting lura leaching matakai salts sodium, magnesium da alli, sakamakon shi a ƙasa sararin sama.

chernozem ƙasa Properties matakan

A ci gaba da baki ƙasa kasa ya auku a kan wani bango na m manifestations na ganye-steppe ciyayi. Saboda haka babban alama wannan cover ne mai arziki na Organic abubuwa. A profile giciye sashe iya bambanta duhu launin chernozem cikakken humus Layer, wanda kuma Highlights da halayyar lumpy ko granular tsarin. Steppe baki ƙasa iya ƙunsar manyan yawa na ash abubuwa da nitrogen, wanda shi ne babban bambanci tsakanin wannan murfin. Sayen wadannan aka gyara faruwa a shekara a lokacin bazuwar na shuka zuriyar dabbobi. Yarda da wannan abun mamaki da kuma hydrothermal yanayi wanda tsokane wani hadadden dauki na humic mahadi daga cikin wannan humic acid.

A 'yan kalmomi a ƙarshe

Yanayi na samuwar steppe zone a mutunta mutane da yawa da sabanin da akalla ne bambancin a cikin sakamako a kan ƙasa. Shi ne saboda da gangaren m steppe ƙasa dalilai da suna ma'amala da gina jiki. Saboda haka, fari inganta m ƙasƙanci ciyayi, sakamakon wani mold. Bugu da ari, a karkashin nauyi hazo da kuma kara kuzari samar da humic acid, wanda aiki don kara dalilin ci gaban m baki Layer.