Yawan jama'a da kuma yankin Samara. Tarihin birnin

Samara ita ce cibiyar kula da wannan yanki, daya daga cikin manyan garuruwa a Rasha. Bugu da ƙari, yin sulhu shine babban birnin lardin Povolzhsky.

Feature

Jama'ar birnin Samara sun kasance fiye da mutane miliyan 170. Yawan mazaunan da ke cikin matsayi na 9 a cikin biranen Rasha. Yawan adadin mutanen da ke yankin Samara ya fi mutane miliyan 2.7. Birnin yana a gefen hagu na babban kogi na wannan suna, ba da nisa daga damuwa a cikin Volga ba.

Tarihi

Tarihin birnin ya fara ne a karni na 16. A cikin 1586 a bankin kogin. Samara aka gina garkuwar tsaro. Ginin ya karbi sunan, wanda ya dade yana da yawa don kiyaye birnin, Samara-garin. An sami sunan da aka yi don girmama ruwan. Kuma ana kiran sunan kogin Samara a zamanin d ¯ a. Wannan kalma tana da asalin Indo-Iran. A cikin fassarar daga harshen yaren, yana nufin "kogin rani".

Daular Samara tana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga dukan mulkin Rasha. Dole ne a ganuwar ganuwar da ta kare shi daga hare-haren ƙira, Nogais da Cossacks. Mun gode wa birni mai garu, dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin Astrakhan da Kazan sun fi sauki. Ko da wurin da aka gina maƙarƙashiyar da aka sani. Yanzu wannan ita ce yankin Samar Samara. Duk da haka, sansanin soja bai tsira ba har yau, tun da ya tsira daga wuta guda biyu da suka gabata.

Birnin Samara yana da tarihin ban sha'awa. A wani lokaci ya shiga cikin tarurrukan masu aikin gona a karkashin jagorancin S. Razin da E. Pugachev. Kuma a cikin karni na 18 an gina wani shiri na gine-ginen a cikin ƙauyen, da godiya ga wanda aka gina garuruwan Stavropol, Orenburg da Yekaterinburg. A 1850, an kafa lardin Samara - babbar cibiyar tattalin arziki da aikin noma na Rasha.

Ƙungiyar ba ta kama lokacin juyin juya hali ba. An kafa ikon Soviet a cikin gari ba tare da harbe guda ba. A babban taimako ga wannan sanya wani siyasa adadi VV Kuibyshev, bayan wanda birni aka sake masa suna. Ya faru a 1935, kuma birnin ya kasance tare da wannan suna har zuwa rushewar Amurka (1991). Bayan shi, an sake sa sunan farko.

Feature

Yankin Samara shine 541 km ². A cikin siffar, birnin yana kama da madaidaiciya wanda ya fito daga arewa zuwa kuducin kilomita 50, kuma daga yamma zuwa gabas - 20 km. Taimakon yin sulhu shi ne wuri mai laushi tare da kananan wurare. Sai dai arewacin yankin ne kawai aka daukaka, tun a nan ne dutsen Sokoly (dutsen Zhiguli a gefen hagu na Volga). Babban mahimmanci a cikin birnin shine taro na Tip-Tyav. Tsawansa yana da 286 m Yawan matakin ya sauko zuwa alamar 28 m sama da teku daga Volga Coast.

Cibiyar Samara tana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, wasu lokutta sukan rushe shi da kananan ravines. Ƙasa a cikin birni na biyu ne: daga gefen kogi. Samara yana da halin kirki, kuma daga gefen kogi. Volga shine yashi.

Sauyin yanayi

Birnin Samara yana da irin yanayin yanayi na yanayi. Yana da sanyi mai dusar ƙanƙara da zafi, yanayin zafi mai zafi. Yawan zafin jiki na watanni mafi sanyi shine -9,9 ° C, mafi zafi - +21 ° C. Girman ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana cikin iyakar 500-600 mm. Suna fada a ko'ina a cikin shekara, kawai kara ƙaruwa a cikin watanni na rani a cikin ruwan sama. Jirgin Air na Volga yana nuna jagorar iskõki cikin shekara. Saboda haka, a cikin hunturu, kudanci na rinjaye, a lokacin rani - arewacin.

Yawan jama'a

Yankin Samara yana baka damar karɓar adadin mutanen mazauna yankin. Yawan yawan jama'a shine mutane 2,162,48 / km². Yana da zamani, birni mai dadi. Da yawan mutanen, an dauke shi a matsayin mai gari. Abun kasa a nan shi ne bambancin. A dangane da yawan kashi, yawancin mutanen Russia - kimanin 90%. Sauran Tatars (10%), Ukrainians (3.5%), Chuvash (1%), Armeniya, Uzbeks, Azerbaijan, Yahudawa, Belarus (0.5% kowane), da dai sauransu.

Industry

Samara wani birni ne na masana'antu, babban cibiyar fasaha na Volga. A cikin kauye akwai fiye da 150 masana'antu masana'antu, daga cikinsu akwai babban ci gaba na ginin masana'antu da kuma aikin ƙarfe, masana'antun abinci, da kuma sarari da jirgin sama. A lokacin ISRR, Kuibyshev aluminum plant ya samar da kashi 60 cikin dari na kaya don dukan Ƙungiyar. Har ila yau, a cikin wannan gari, ana tara nauyin TU-154 da Soyuz.

Yankin Samara ba ya da yawa, amma akwai cibiyar cinikayyar cinikayyar ci gaba a wannan yanki: birnin yana da kasuwa 40, fiye da 70 manyan cibiyoyi da kuma fiye da dubu 1,000 matsakaici da kananan sites.

Ayyuka na sufuri

Birnin Samara babban ɗakin sufuri ne. Akwai tashar jiragen sama guda biyu da ke aiki a nan: kasashen duniya da na gida, akwai tashar jirgin kasa da tashoshi uku. Akwai kuma tashar jiragen ruwa da tashar jiragen ruwa. Ta hanyar garin tarayya hanya daga Central Turai zuwa Siberia da kuma Kazakhstan. Hanyoyin bas, jiragen ruwa, motoci da kuma hanyar jirgin karkashin kasa suna wakilci jama'a.

Yankuna

Yankin Samara yana baka dama ka rusa gari zuwa gundumomi 9 a cikin birni da kuma yankuna biyu (ƙauyen Kozelki da ƙauyen Yasnaya Polyana). Leninsky an dauke shi babban yanki ne kuma mafi girma. Ita ce cibiyar al'adu da ilimi. Akwai gidajen tarihi, wasan kwaikwayo. Amma babban janye na yankin shi ne Kuibyshevskaya Square. Tsawonsa ya kai kadada 174, wannan shi ne mafi girma a Turai.

Sauran yankunan: Kuibyshev, Samara, Zheleznodorozhny, Oktyabrsky, Sovetskiy, Kirovsky, Promyshlenny, Krasnoglinsky. Cibiyar Samara tana da abubuwan tarihi.

Wani yanki shi ne Volzhsky, cibiyar kula da yankin Samara, amma ba na gari ba ne. Wannan birni yana kunshe da birane 3 da kauyuka 12. An kira wannan yanki ne "Ƙasar Switzerland" don kyakkyawan yanayi, wanda aka yada a kusa.

Kogin Samara

Yanayin hoto na yankin shi ne kogin da sunan daya. Tsawon Samara yana da kilomita 594, wannan shine daya daga cikin manyan masu adawa da Volga. A cikin babba na kogin yana gudana rafi mai zurfi. Kusa kusa da birnin, yana yada kusan kilomita kaɗan, har ma da yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke faruwa a lokacin ambaliya. Ruwa na wannan kogi yana da wadata a kifaye, wanda sau da yawa ya zo nan daga Volga. Bugu da ƙari, bankin hagu ya kara girma ciyayi, gandun daji. Wannan wuri ne mai ban sha'awa don farauta.

Bari mu ƙayyade sakamakon

Dole ne ku ziyarci birnin Samara a kalla sau ɗaya a rayuwanku. Zai yi mamakin kowane mai tafiya tare da shimfidar wurare da ra'ayoyi. Jama'ar birnin na da karimci. Lokaci a Samara bai bambanta da Moscow - kawai sa'a daya ba. Saboda haka, yawancin matafiya daga babban birnin kasar Rasha ba su damu da yin amfani da su zuwa wani lokaci ba. Wannan dacewa ne.