White crane (Sterkh): description, inda rayuka da ban sha'awa facts

Wannan snow-fari m da majestic tsuntsu ne a Jewel na da yawa yanayi reserves. Duk da haka, da yawan jama'a a cikin halitta yanayi da aka steadily ragewa. White crane (Sterkh) sheƙarsu kawai a cikin iyaka da yankunan arewacin yankuna na Rasha.

Sterh: waje siffofin

Siberian crane nasa ne da HALITTAR Cranes, Cranes iyali. Manyan tsuntsu - da girma dabam daga ɗari da arba'in da daya ɗari da sittin santimita, Tã yi game da takwas kilo. Doke shi gefe crane fuka-fuki dabam daga mutum ɗari biyu da goma zuwa ɗari biyu da talatin da santimita, dangane da yawan jama'a.

Kawai a lokacin hunturu hijirarsa na nesa flights aikata fari crane. Sterh a Rasha gida da kuma irin. Wadannan tsuntsaye suna cigaba da sanya idanu masana.

launi

White crane (sterkh) yana halayyar alama, inda shi ne wuya ya gauraye da sauran tsuntsaye - ja dogon baki da ciwon kaifi Burr a iyakar. Kusa da idanu da kuma baki gashinsa akwai, da kuma fata ne fentin a arziki ja launi da yake a bayyane daga nesa.

Gashinsa a jiki positioned a jeri biyu - da fari, a ciki gefen fuka-fuki a kan iyakar biyu layuka - black. Kafafu ne tsawo, pinkish ya dafa. Su ne mai girma mataimakansa Crane dausayi: damar motsawa a wani danko sosai tashin hankali kan bumps.

Da farko kajin blue idãnunsu, sai su zama rawaya. White crane (Sterkh) zaune game da shekara saba'in, ba su samar da wani subspecies.

mazauninsu

Yau, akwai biyu daga alƙarya da cranes na da irin wannan. Daya zaune a cikin Arkhangelsk yankin, da kuma na biyu - a cikin Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District. Wannan ne mai matukar m tsuntsu - fari crane. White Crane, taƙaitaccen bayanin da aka bayar a cikin labarin, sa kowane kokarin kauce wa ci karo da mutane, da shi kuwa ba a banza, gama mafarauta a yankunan da yawa ji samun hukunci.

Idan tsuntsu ga wani mutum - ta bar gida. Siberian crane ba zai iya kawai jefa kama, amma riga hatched kajin. Saboda haka, kada a damemu da tsuntsaye a wannan lokaci. White crane (Sterkh), wanda sheƙarsu kawai a Rasha, hunturu ne, a Azerbaijan da kuma India, Afghanistan da kuma Mongolia, da China da kuma Pakistan. A farkon watan Maris, da cranes dawo zuwa ga mahaifarsa.

A Yakutia Siberian Crane aka aika zuwa m yankunan na tundra da ya zaɓa don ya sa swamps da impenetrable gandun daji. A nan sai ya zaune har zuwa hunturu hijirarsa.

abinci

Mutane da yawa naturalists sha'awar wannan tambaya: "abin da ya ci fari crane (Sterkh)?" A rage cin abinci na wannan kyakkyawan tsuntsu shiga da kayan lambu da dabbobi abinci. Tare da ruwa shuke-shuke: tuber, auduga ciyawa, sedge da cranberries, waxanda suke da matukar m na Siberian Cranes - sun bai ki ci manyan kwari, qwai da sauran tsuntsaye, hakori, baƙon kajin, kwaro da kuma kifi. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin hijirarsa, Siberian Cranes iyakance zuwa shuka abinci. Ya kamata a lura da cewa wadannan tsuntsaye ba cutar da ƙasar noma.

haifuwa

White cranes - a monogamous tsuntsaye. Vapors suna kafa a lokacin da cranes zai kasance shekaru shida. A tsakiyar ko karshen May kafa biyu daga tsuntsãye zabi nesting wuri domin nan gaba. Kamar sauran iri cranes, su taro kamar wata rubutu m tsarkakewa. Kukan tsuntsaye halayyar - a shafe tsawon, high da kuma bayyana a fili. Yana siffofi da wani Siberian Cranes daga sauran jinsunan.

Siberian Cranes gida da aka gina a kan bude ruwa. Suna wuya cushe dandali na sedge tushe. M da ake bukata a lokacin da zabar wani wuri domin nesting - samuwar sabo ruwa, ruwan tafki dole ne a kalla zurfin 40 santimita.

Yana da ban sha'awa mu tsayar da ma'abota dance ma'aurata. Da farko, duka biyu tsuntsaye jẽfar da kansa da kuma emit melodic, hadaddun da kuma lingering sautuna. Cika su "bikin aure" song, namiji shimfidawa fukafukinsa fadi, yayin da ya budurwata rike su folded. A wannan lokaci, da fari cranes fara dance, wanda ya kunshi bakuna, bouncing, amai up twigs da pats fuka-fuki.

A yi na cikin gida, iyaye biyu suna tsunduma. Yawancin lokaci, mace kayansa mãsu biyu qwai m tare da kananan duhu aibobi. A bushe shekara iya zama daya. Zuriyya na mace incubates da kuma ashirin da tara kwanaki. A wannan lokaci da namiji vigilantly tsare gida.

Hatched zuriya fara wani Uphill yaƙi rayuwa. A sakamakon haka, akwai daya mafi girma da kuma mafi m chick. Bayan saba'in da kwanaki biyar ya bayyana ruwan kasa da kuma ja gashinsa. A snow-fari beauties sun jũya kawai zuwa shekara uku.

The Red Littafi na Rasha: fari crane (Sterkh)

Sterkh - The most tsuntsu da na iyalinsa. Shi ne yafi wani ruwa hanyarsa ta rayuwa, yin shi da wuya a yi aiki domin ya ceci wannan nau'in daga nau'i nau'i. Yanzu yawan Yakut yawan bai wuce dubu uku. Domin West Siberian Siberian Cranes - halin da ake ciki yana da wuyar gaske, sun kasance ba fiye da ashirin mutane.

Tsanani batun kariya daga fari cranes aka tsunduma a shekarar 1970. da yawa Nurseries da aka kafa ajiye kudi, inda masana girma waɗannan tsuntsaye daga qwai. Sun kuma koyar da kajin dogon nesa flights. Duk da haka, da barazana da cewa za su bace gaba daya fari crane (Sterkh). Red Littãfi (International) kuma kammala su lists daga wadannan miyagun jinsunan. Mafarautan tsuntsaye ne gaba daya haramta.

Bege Tarurrukan

Tun tsakiyar nineties karni na karshe, fiye da dari fari cranes girma a Nurseries da aka saki a cikin yanayi. Abin takaici, irin talauci acclimatized kajin (matsakaicin 20%). Dalilin irin wannan babban mace-mace kudi ne rashin kewayawa shiriya, kazalika da jirgin horo, wanda aka bai wa iyaye a cikin daji.

Wannan matsala ne kokarin gyara American masana kimiyya. Sun kafa wani gwaji, jigon wanda ya gudanar da wani na kajin daga yin amfani da Moto rataya-gliders. A Rasha, mun ci gaba da irin wannan shirin, da ake kira "Flight na Hope".

Aka gina biyar trikes a 2006, da kuma tare da su taimako matasa Siberian Cranes aka dauka domin tsawo hanya daga Yamal zuwa Uzbekistan, inda ya rayu da launin toka cranes, Siberian Cranes, kuma tare da su tafi hunturu. A shekarar 2012, shugaban kasar Vladimir Putin ya dauki kashi a cikin irin wannan shirin. Amma saboda wasu dalilai, wannan lokaci m cranes ba su yarda da Siberian Crane da kuma masana, da su kawo bakwai kajin in ajiye Belozersky a Tyumen.

ban sha'awa facts

• A Indiya Crane kira tsuntsu-Lily. Indira Gandhi bayar da umarni (1981), a cikin abin da a wuri na wintering fari cranes an halitta shakatawa "Keoladeo", wanda ya lura da wani m tsarin mulki, kuma Ya halitta sharadi gwargwado ga kariya daga wadannan m tsuntsaye.
• White crane (Sterkh) shawo kan mafi tsawo hanya a kwatanta da sauran iri cranes: fiye da biyar da rabi kilomita dubu. Sau biyu a shekara, da cranes tashi a kan tara kasashen.
• A Dagestan, wanda ƙasa ne haye Siberian Cranes a lokacin hijirarsa, akwai wani kyakkyawan labari cewa Siberian Cranes ne rayukan auku sojoji. The labari ya tushen daga cikin shahararrun song, wanda aka rubuta kalmar Rasul Gamzatov.
• A cikin ma'abota kakar fari cranes barci ba fiye da sa'o'i biyu a rana.
• Domin mutanen Khanty Mansi da fari crane ne mai tsarki tsuntsu, tribal totem muhimmanci hali dukkan ibada.
• Khanty taba dame Crane: akwai wani unspoken taboo da ziyartar wuraren da fari cranes gida a cikin bazara da kuma bazara.
• A mafi inganci hanyoyin kiwon waddan nan tsuntsãye, masana la'akari da hanyar da "adoptive iyaye" da kuma rearing a ajiye. A farkon yanayin, da kwai fari cranes za a iya dasa a cikin gida na launin toka cranes. A karo na biyu - da kajin girma a ajiye, a kadaici daga mutum lamba. Sa'an nan kuma suna sake zuwa ya fara tasawa daji cranes.

Bird tsaro ci gaba da bunkasa ayyukan da nufin a adana wannan gagarumin tsuntsu. Muna fatan cewa fari crane (Sterkh), da watsuwar abin da muka gabatar a wannan labarin zai sami ceto da kuma mai girma tsuntsu zai dogon faranta mana da ra'ayoyi.